Adam Smith

ÁKanggo panggunan séjé mangga mirsaniAdam Smith (disambiguasi)

Adam Smith
Adam Smith Adam Smith
Lair/Miyos	5 Juni1723 Kirkcaldy,Sekotlan
Tilar donya/Séda	17 Juli1790 Edinburgh,Sekotlan

John Adam Smith(5 Juni1723–17 Juli1790), ya iku sawijiningfilsufbangsaSekotlankang dadi pelopor ngèlmu ékonomi modèren. Karyané kang misuwur ya iku bukuAn Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations(dicekakThe Wealth of Nations) minangka buku pisanan kang nggambaraké sajarah perkembangan indhustri lan padagangan ingÉropahsarta dhasar-dhasar perkembanganperdagangan bébaslankapitalisme.Adam Smith dadi salah sijiné pelopor sistem ékonomiKapitalisme.Sistem ékonomi iki muncul abad 18 ing Éropah Kulon lan ing abad 19 wiwit misuwur ing kana.

Kemakmuran Nagara(Wealth of Nations) lan kang luwih cilik prabawanéTéyori Moral Sentimen,wis dadi titik awal kanggo mbela lan ngritik wangun kapitalisme, kang paling wigati sajeroning tulisan Marx lan ékonomi. Amargakapitalisme laissez-fairesok digayutaké karo kaegoisan kang ora kakontrol, banjur ana obahan anyar kang nekanaké filosofi moral Smith, ya iku kanthi fokus simpati marang manungsa.

Ana uga kontroversi bab asli lan oranéKemakmuran NagaraSmith, sawatara ana kang nyangkal yèn karya Smith mung awujud tambahan biyasa marang karya pemikir kayaDavid HumelanBaron de Montesquieu.Lan, akèh téyori-téyori Smith mung nggambarakétrendsajarah ngadoh sakamercantilisme,nuju menyangperdagangan-bébas,kang wustumuwuhana ing sawatara dekade, lan wis duwé prabawa kang nyata sajeroning kebijakan pamaréntah. Sanajan mangkono, buku iki ngorganisa sắc aké pamikir-pamikir kanthiluas,lan tetep dadi sawijining buku kang palingberprabawalan wigati sajeroning babagan ékonomi nganti saiki.

Pirsani uga:Sajarah Pemikiran Ékonomi

Biografi

Inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations,1922

Adam Smith misuwur kanthi téyori ékonomi ' "laissez-faire"kang mbiwara perkumpulan ing abad 18 Éropah. Smith percaya marang hak kanggo mengaruhi kemajuan ékonomi diri pribadi kanthi bébas, tanpa dikendalèkaké déning perkumpulan lan/utawa nagara. Téyori iki nganti tekan proto-industrialisasi ing Éropah, lan ngowahi mayoritas kawasan Éropah dadi daerah perdagangan bébas, minangka kemungkinan ananépengusaha.Smith uga misuwur minangka "Bapak Ékonomi".

Wiyata

Nalika yuswa 13 taun, Smith sekolah ingUniversitas Glasgow.Ing kana Smith sinaufilosofimoral dibimbing déning "wong kang ora éntuk dilalekake" (Smith marabi kaya mangkono) Francis Hutcheson. Ing kéné, Smith ngremabakakake kepenginanane kang kuwat ing kabebasan, akal séhat, lan kebebasan berpendapat. Taun1740Smith éntuk bebungahSnell exhibitionbanjur sekolah menyang Kampus Balliol,Oxford.Smith ninggal universitas iku taun1746.Ingbukukang kaping V sakaThe Wealth of Nations,Smith ngomentari babagan kurange instruksi kualitas lan aktivitas intelektual kang sithik cacahé yèn dibandhingake karoSekotlan.Komentare iku ditujukake marang wong-wong kang diwènèhi bebungah kasugihan saka kampus-kampus Oxford lanCambridge.Ing kana Smith golèk panjurung saka para profésor, ora dhedhasar kaprigelane kanggo golèk murid. Kasunyatane, wong-wong kangmenyaruminangkamen of lettersuripé bisa luwih ayem tentrem tinimbang mantri ing Church of England.

Karir ing Edinburgh lan Glasgow

Taun1748Smith miwiti kuliah umum ing Edinburgh kanthi bimbingan Lord Kames. Sapérangan kuliahe nyinggungretorikalan belles-letters, nanging bakalane Smith bakal njupuk subyek saka "kemajuan dari kesejahteraan,"lan bakale, ing tengah utawa pungkasanéabad kaping 20,ing pisanan dhèwèké njelasake filosofi ékonomi saka "sistem kang cetha lan prasaja saka kabebasan alamiah".

Karya

teman saya gay

"Masalah Adam Smith"

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Karya Besar

• The Theory of Moral Sentiments(1759)
• An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations(1776)
• Essays on Philosophical Subjects(diterbitkan setelah 1795)
• Lectures on Jurisprudence(diterbitkan setelah 1976)

Uga delengen

• Liberalisme
• Pratélan pemikir liberal
• Hukum Adam Smith
• Kapitalisme
• Anders Chydenius
• Lihat juga artikel Adam Smith: Pasar dan IndividuArchived2007-09-27 at theWayback Machine.

Bibliografi

• James Buchan.The Authentic Adam Smith: His Life and Ideas(2006)
• Stephen Copley and Kathryn Sutherland, eds.Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations: New Interdisciplinary Essays(1995)
• F. Glahe, ed.Adam Smith and the Wealth of Nations: 1776-1976(1977)
• Knud Haakonssen.The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith(2006)
• Samuel Hollander.The Economics of Adam Smith(University of Toronto Press) (1973)
• Muller, Jerry Z.Adam Smith in his Time and Ours: Designing the Decent Society.Princeton Univ. Press (1995)
• Muller, Jerry Z.The Mind and the Market: Capitalism in Western Thought.Anchor Books (2002)
• Frederick Rosen,Classical Utilitarianism from Hume to Mill(RoutledgeStudies in Ethics & Moral Theory), 2003.ISBN 0-415-22094-7
• P. J. O'Rourke.On The Wealth of Nations(Books That Changed the World) (2006)
• Richard F. Teichgraeber.Free Trade and Moral Philosophy: Rethinking the Sources of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations(1986)
• Cithakan:A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature

Pranala njaba

Wikisource

Wikisourcebasa Inggrisndarbeni kaca perkawis

Adam Smith

Umum

• Karyané Adam SmithingProject Gutenberg
• Biographyat theConcise Encyclopedia of Economics
• Life of Adam Smithby John Rae, at the Library of Economics and Liberty
• Adam SmithArchived2007-06-17 at theWayback Machine.atThe Online Library of LibertyArchived2007-06-08 at theWayback Machine.
• The Celebrated Adam SmithbyMurray N. Rothbard;full text of Chapter 16 ofAn Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought,Vol. I and II, Edward Elgar, 1995;Mises Institute2006
• Smith's worksArchived2009-03-21 at theWayback Machine.
• Brad deLong's Adam Smith pageArchived2005-09-14 at theWayback Machine.
• The Adam Smith Institute
• Grave of Adam SmithArchived2006-08-31 at theWayback Machine.on theFamous Economists Grave SitesArchived2006-07-06 at theWayback Machine.
• Adam Smith - Important ScotsArchived2006-08-27 at theWayback Machine.
• Reflections on Smith's ethicsPDF(129KiB)
• Adam Smith on the 50 British Pound (Clydesdale Bank) banknoteArchived2018-08-03 at theWayback Machine.
• "The Betrayal of Adam Smith" by David C. KortenArchived2010-11-21 at theWayback Machine.
• Adam Smith - A PrimerArchived2008-02-15 at theWayback Machine.by Eamonn Butler. Introduction to Smith's work, free download

Karya

• An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of NationsArchived2007-06-21 at theWayback Machine.at MetaLibri Digital Library (PDF format)
• The Theory of Moral SentimentsArchived2007-12-21 at theWayback Machine.at MetaLibri Digital Library
• The Theory of Moral Sentimentsat theLibrary of Economics and Liberty
• The Wealth of Nationsat theLibrary of Economics and Liberty.Cannan edition. Definitive, fully searchable, free online
• The Wealth of Nations,ingProyèk Gutenberg
• The Wealth of NationsfromMondo Politico Library-full text; formatted for easy on-screen reading
• The Wealth of NationsArchived2006-09-27 at theWayback Machine.from theAdam Smith Institute-elegantly formatted for on-screen reading
• Works and Correspondence of Adam SmithArchived2005-11-26 at theWayback Machine.. Glasgow edition, 7 volumes at theOnline Library of Liberty.Definitive, free online