Irland (Tamurt)

Irland
	Éire(ga); Ireland(en)
Drapeau de l'Irlande(fr)	Armoiries de l'Irlande(fr)
Imseɣret	Amhrán na bhFiann(fr)
Devise(fr)	«Jump into Ireland»
Yettusemma ɣef	Irland
Ansa
	53°N8°W/ 53°N 8°W
Tamanaɣt	Dublin
Imezdaɣ
Teɣṛed	5 123 536 (2022)
• Tiineẓẓi n imezdaɣ	73,41 imezdaɣen/km²
Tutlayt tunṣibt	Tirlandit; Taglizit
Tarakalt
Amur seg	Tadukli TuṛufitdEspace économique européen(fr)
Tajumma	69 797 km²
Isek yeflalen	Carrauntuohill(fr)(1 038,6 m)
Point le plus bas(fr)	North Slob(en)(−3 m)
Tilisa yakked	Tagelda Yedduklen; Irland n Ugafa
Asefk amazray
Yezwar-it	État libre d'Irlande(fr)
Asnulfu	1922:(État libre d'Irlande(fr)); 29 Duǧember 1937
Tuddsa tasertayt
Anagraw asertay	TagdudadÉtat unitaire(fr)
Exécutif(fr)	gouvernement de l'Irlande(fr)
Assemblée délibérante(fr)	Oireachtas(fr)
• président d'Irlande(fr)	Michael D. Higgins(fr)(11 Wamber 2011)
• Taoiseach(fr)	Leo Varadkar(fr)(17 Duǧember 2022)
Corps judiciaire suprême(fr)	Cour suprême d'Irlande(fr)
Tadamsa
Produit intérieur brut nominal(fr)	504 182 603 276 $ (2021)
Tadrimt	Euro
Amekzay uglim
Izṭi akudan	UTC±00:00(fr)
Domaine internet(fr)	.ie(fr)
Plan de numérotation(fr)	+353
Numéro d'appel d'urgence(fr)	112(fr)
Azamul n tmurt	IE
Identifiant Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques(fr)	IE
Nniḍen
Tansa n web	gov.ie

Irland(stirlandit:Éire(asusru), staglizit:Ireland(asusru)), dawanakdeg ugafa nTuruft,tezga-d degtegzirtnIrlandgerugaraw anaṭlasdegumalunBriṭanya Tameqqrant.Tamanaɣt-is dDublini d tamdint meqqren akk deg tamurt.

Irland tekcem ɣerTadukli Tuṛufitdeg 1973^[1],ed ɣerAsqamu n Turuftdeg 1949^[2].

Isem

Awal nEireyekka-d seg awalEirusTagalyit[en],d isem ntillutdeg tesnmita taseltit (Celtic mythology)^[3].

Amezruy

Igaliyen[en]zedɣentegzirt n Irlandseg lqern wis 4 Uqbel-Ɛisa,i xeddmen aṭas n tgeldiwin imecṭuḥen. Deg lqern wis 5,Igaliyen[en]ad uɣalenimasiḥiyensAgerram Patrik (Saint Patrick)[en]^[4].

Seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 12,Inuṛmanen[en]edVikingsi steɛmṛentegzirt n Irland^[4].

Seg lqern wis 12 ar lqern wis 18, igliziyen ed iskutlandiyen ḥekmentegzirt n Irland(mseḍfaren:Henri IIdeg lqern wis 12,Tudorsdeg lqern wis 16 edCromwelldeg lqern wis 17)^[4].

Irland deg 1922 i tewwi timunent ɣefTagelda Yedduklen^[1],deffir 7 ntasutinn leḥkem abriṭani^[5].

Agerram Patrik (Saint Patrick)[en].
Iserdasin n Irland deg 1521.
Oliver Cromwell.

Irland deg lqern wis 8.
Irland seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 9.
Irland deg 900.
Irland seg lqern wis 9 ar lqern wis 11.
Tigeldiwin n Irland deg 1014.
IrlandiyenedInuṛmanendeg 1300.
Irland deg 1609:Iskutlandiyen,Irlandiyen,Iskutlandiyen ed igliziyen,Igliziyen,Tasehrest amaẓlay.

Tarakalt

Irland d win i d-yeṭṭfen 85% n tajumma ntegzirt n Irland,yezga-d degumalunBriṭanya Tameqqrant(iferqen s Ilel n Irland^[5]), edumalu-wenẓulnIrland n Ugafa(d tamurt i iḍefṛenTagelda Yedduklen)^[1].

Irland deg-stiɣalltinɛlayen,iduraredyizaɣarameqqran akkedyigelmimendeg tlemmast n tmurt^[6].

Topografi n Irland.
Tiɣalltin, idurar, yizaɣar ameqqran ed yigelmimen n Irland.

Inezwi

Irland tesɛaunezwu agarwan;taẓɣelttalemmast ntagresttettbeddil gar 4,4 d 7,2 °C, edtaẓɣelttalemmast nanebdud ahat n 15 °C^[7].

Isefka n unezwi n Irland (2020)^[8]
Ayyur	Yen	Fur	Meɣ	Yebr	May	Yun	Yul	Ɣuc	Cte	Tub	Wam	Duj
Amktal ɛlayen(°C)	18.5	18.1	23.6	25.8	28.4	33.3	32.3	31.5	29.1	25.2	20.1	18.1
Amktal yudren(°C)	-19.1	-17.8	-17.2	-7.7	-5.6	-3.3	-0.3	-2.7	-3.5	-8.3	-11.5	-17.5

Timnaḍin n Irland

Irland tesɛa 4 n timnaḍin qqaren-as stirlandit:cuige,anamek-is d (temnaḍt)wis xemsa,axaṭeṛ zik,tegzirt n Irlandtebḍa d 5 timnaḍin. Temnaḍt nMeath (Tara)tekcem ɣar temnaḍt nLaighean^[9].

Timnaḍin n Irland: 1-Connachta, 2-Laighean, 3-Mhumhain, 4-Ulaidh


Temnaḍt	Imezdaɣ(2016)^[10]	Tajumma(km²)^[11]
Connachta	550,742	17 713
Laighean	2,630,720	19 774
An Mhumhain	1,280,394	24 608
Ulaidh	296,120	808

Tawennaḍt

Imɣan

Imɣan n Irland laṣel-is s waṭas degBriṭanya Tameqqrant,temmug sroseau,azlaf,ifilku,sphagnumed leṣnaf nniḍen^[7].

Iɣersiwen

Iɣersiwen n Irland ur txulef ara aṭas ɣer iɣersiwen nBriṭanya Tameqqrantneɣ nFransa^[7].

Gar iɣersiwen n Irland yella:Agtuln Irland (aɣersiwaɣelnaw n Irland),aberni,abareɣ azeggaɣ,aydi n waman,azeɣnennay,imziy,akʷrekʷdan,puffinyijider awraɣ,taninnaed leṣnaf n iɣersiwen nniḍen^[12].

Agtuln Irland.
Akʷrekʷdan.
Abareɣ azeggaɣ.
Taninna.
Puffin deg Irland.

Isafen ed yigelmimen

Isafen ed yigelmimen n Irland.

Irland tesɛa aṭas nisafen,d wasif meqqren deg-sen qqaren-as degtaglizit:Shannon,asif-nni yesεa ahat n 360 km deg teɣzi, yettεeddin ɣef kraḍ nyigelmimen:LoughAllen,LoughRee,edLoughDerg.D asif nShannonyettawi ɣeragaraw anaṭlas,sdat n tamdint nLimerick^[13].Isafen imeqqranen nniḍenn Irland yella:Bandon, Liffey,Lee,Blackwater,Nore,Suir,Barrow,SlaneyedBoyne^[14].

Isafen imeqranen n Irland^[15]
#	Asif	Teɣzi(km)
1	Shannon	360
2	Barrow	192
3	Suir	184
4	Blackwater	168
5	Nore	140

Irland tesɛa daɣen aṭas nyigelmimen(ugar n yigelmimen nLegliz), irlandiyen qqaren igelmimen:loughs.Igelmimen igejdanen n Irland yella:Killarney,Corrib,Mask,Conn,edDerg.^[14]

LoughCorribd agelmim ameqqran n Irland i yesɛan tajumma ahat n 176 km²^[16].Igelmimen n Killarneyd kraḍ n igelmimen sdat n tamdint nKillarney:LowerLake,MiddleLake(qqaren-asMuckrossLake) edUpperLake^[17].LoughDergd agelmim d wis sin i meqqren akk deg Irland^[13],yesɛan tajumma ahat n 130 km²^[16].

Igelmimen imeqranen n Irland^[16]
#	Agelmim	Tajumma(km²)
1	Corrib	176
2	Derg	130
3	Ree	105
4	Mask	83
5	Conn	50

Asif nBlackwater.
Asif nLiffey,Dublin.
Asif nShannon.
Agelmim nCorrib.

Idles

Tutlayin

Irland tesɛa snat ntutlayin tamaddudtin:tirlanditam tutlayt tamaddudt tamezwarut (seg 1922), edtaglizitam tutlayt tamaddudt nniḍen^[18]^,^[19]

Deg2016,tidersiwin deg Irland (ugar 600 000 n medden) iheddṛen tutlayin nniḍen (nnig ntirlanditedtaglizit) deg wexxam-nsen:tapulunit(135 895),tafrensist(54 948),talmant(28 331),taspenyult(32 405),Tapuṛtugit[en](20 833),tarusit(21 707),talitwanit(35 362)Tacinwant[en](17 584),taɛrabt(16 072),Tarumanit[en](36 683) ed tutlayin nniḍen (212 198)^[20].

Ugdud n Irland i d-yeqqaren ttmeslayentirlanditdeg 2011.

Isɣanen

Deg2016,78% (ugar n 3,7 n yimelyan) seg ugdud n Irland dyimasiḥiyen(takatulikt), 10% d ulac n wesɣan, ugdud nniḍen ferqent garyimselmen,yihendusen ed isɣanen nniḍen^[20].

Tamasiḥit(takatulikt) deg Irland (2011).
Isɣanen nniḍen deg Irland (2011).
Ugdud akked ulac n wesɣan deg Irland (2011).

lǧameε nDublin.
Taglisya n St Audoen's,Dublin.

Annay n Irland

Annay aɣelnaw n Irland, deg-s kraḍ n tiɣmiwin:azegzaw,amellal edačini.akken ad azamul tdukli gar yegduden n Irland^[21].

Tiɣmiwin-a kifkif-iten deg lqedd. Tehri n annay i d aɣezzfan s sin imuren ɣef asawn-is (teɣzi)^[21].

Amellaldeg tlemmast n unnay anamek-is d asirem n talwit ara idumen gar snat-nni n tiɣmiwin (azegzawedačini)^[21]

Azegzawanamek-is d ugdud mmi-s ineṣliyen n Irland,ačinianamek-is d ugdud mmi-s n umhersan abriṭani seg lqern wis 17^[22].

Annay n tselwit n Irland (Lweṛt n unnay n Irland deg lqern wis 16)^[23].
Annay aɣelnaw n Irland (maci d unṣib), seg 1798 ar lqern wis 20^[24].
Annay n Irland.

Tadamsa, tnezzut ed isawaḍen

Iwunak Yeddukklen n TemriktedTagelda Yedduklend icriken n tnezzut igejdanen n Irland, deg-s icriken igejdanen nniḍen yella timura nTadukli Tuṛufit(Lalman,FransaedBiljik),CcinwaedTaswist^[25].

Irland tessaǧǧaw tinaεurin d timacinin iliktrikan,tigamanin ikruranen,iselsa, tissit ed iseɣẓanen n tsenselkimt. D tettaǧǧew lpiṭrul, tigamanin n lpiṭrul, timacinin n isawaḍen^[25].

Iberdan, inafagen ed isugan

Irland tesɛa azeṭṭa n iberdan ameqqren. Inafagen igraɣlanen n Irland usan-d degDublin,Shannon ed Cork, daɣen yella aṭas n inafagen imenḍanen nniḍen. Tuget n tnezzut tawlalt n Irland i iɛeddan ɣer isugan igejdanen n ugemmaḍ usammar ed wenẓul n tamurt (degDublin,Waterford ed Cork), isugan n Limerick d Galway xedmen ugemmaḍ umalu n Irland^[25].

Deg Irland tella aṭas n tmacinin gar timdinin ed tudrin tigejdanin n tamurt, ɣer tama n tuqqna akked uzeṭṭa n tmacinin nIrland n Ugafa^[25].

Azeṭṭa n rrayat n tmacint, inafagen ed isugan n Irland.
Azeṭṭa n iberdan imeqqranen n Irland.

Tizmilin

↑^1,0^1,1et^1,2Fiche pays: Irlande,degouest-france.fr.
↑Irlande// 46 Etats, une Europe,degcoe.int.
↑16 mots qui reflètent l’histoire de l’Irlande,deggeo.fr.
↑^4,0^4,1et^4,2Irlande: histoire,deglarousse.fr.
↑^5,0et^5,1Irlande,degatlas-monde.net.
↑Irlande: géographie physique,deglarousse.fr.
↑^7,0^7,1et^7,2Géographie,degasty-moulin.be.
↑(en)Weather Extreme Records for Ireland,degmet.ie.
↑Liste des drapeaux des provinces irlandaises.,degsvowebmaster.free.fr.
↑(en)Statistical Yearbook of Ireland 2016,degcso.ie.
↑Irlande - LISTE DES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES , degpopulationdata.net.
↑(en)Ireland,dega-z-animals.com.
↑^13,0et^13,1(en)Joanne Mattern,Ireland,Capstone, 2003,(ISBN9780736815499)(taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt wis 10.
↑^14,0et^14,1(en)William Lawson,Geography of the British Empire:Part I - III, BoD, 2022,(ISBN9783752561098)(taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt 150-153.
↑(en)The Longest Rivers In Ireland,degworldatlas.com.
↑^16,0^16,1et^16,2(en)The Largest Lakes In Ireland,degworldatlas.com.
↑(en)The Lakes Of Killarney,degkillarneyonline.ie.
↑(en)European languages - Ireland,degbbc.co.uk.
↑(en)Official status of Irish,deguni-due.de.
↑^20,0et^20,1(en)CSO,Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1,(taɣuṛi[pdf]), tawṛiqt 25 ed 30.
↑^21,0^21,1et^21,2(en)The National Flag,deggov.ie.
↑(en)National Flag Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine.
↑(en)Presidential Standard Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie.
↑(en)The Green Flag Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie.
↑^25,0^25,1^25,2et^25,3(en)Trade of Ireland,degbritannica.com.

[:2-1] 1,0^1,1et^1,2Fiche pays: Irlande,degouest-france.fr.

[2] Irlande// 46 Etats, une Europe,degcoe.int.

[3] 16 mots qui reflètent l’histoire de l’Irlande,deggeo.fr.

[:3-4] 4,0^4,1et^4,2Irlande: histoire,deglarousse.fr.

[:4-5] 5,0et^5,1Irlande,degatlas-monde.net.

[6] Irlande: géographie physique,deglarousse.fr.

[:0-7] 7,0^7,1et^7,2Géographie,degasty-moulin.be.

[8] (en)Weather Extreme Records for Ireland,degmet.ie.

[9] Liste des drapeaux des provinces irlandaises.,degsvowebmaster.free.fr.

[10] (en)Statistical Yearbook of Ireland 2016,degcso.ie.

[11] Irlande - LISTE DES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES , degpopulationdata.net.

[12] (en)Ireland,dega-z-animals.com.

[:7-13] 13,0et^13,1(en)Joanne Mattern,Ireland,Capstone, 2003,(ISBN9780736815499)(taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt wis 10.

[:6-14] 14,0et^14,1(en)William Lawson,Geography of the British Empire:Part I - III, BoD, 2022,(ISBN9783752561098)(taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt 150-153.

[15] (en)The Longest Rivers In Ireland,degworldatlas.com.

[:8-16] 16,0^16,1et^16,2(en)The Largest Lakes In Ireland,degworldatlas.com.

[17] (en)The Lakes Of Killarney,degkillarneyonline.ie.

[18] (en)European languages - Ireland,degbbc.co.uk.

[19] (en)Official status of Irish,deguni-due.de.

[:1-20] 20,0et^20,1(en)CSO,Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1,(taɣuṛi[pdf]), tawṛiqt 25 ed 30.

[:5-21] 21,0^21,1et^21,2(en)The National Flag,deggov.ie.

[22] (en)National Flag Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine.

[23] (en)Presidential Standard Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie.

[24] (en)The Green Flag Archived2022-11-21 at theWayback Machine,deghome.connect.ie.

[:9-25] 25,0^25,1^25,2et^25,3(en)Trade of Ireland,degbritannica.com.

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