Brachiosaurus altithorax

Refectumsceletiholotypiexemplar, quod extraMuseum Historiae Naturalis Fieldexhibetur

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Animalia—Chordata

Subordo: †Sauropodomorpha
Familia: †Brachiosauridae
Genus: †Brachiosaurus
Riggs,1903
Species:Brachiosaurus altithorax
Riggs,1903

Palaeontologia

Iurassico,154–153m.a.:

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Materiesholotypinuper excavata,vertebris dorsalibus,sacro,ilio,costisaspectis.

Forma composita, ubicoloresvaria specimina significant, cumadumbrationehominismagnitudinismediae.

Brachiosaurus altithoraxestspeciesdinosauriqui inAmerica SeptentrionaliaevoIurassicoexeunte abhinc annorum a 154 ad 153 milliones ferehabitabat.Primum descripta est abElmer S. Riggs,palaeontologoCivitatum Foederatarum,anno1903exfossilibusinvalleFluminis ColoratiinColoratooccidentalirepertis. Cui dinosaurobinomenBrachiosaurum altithoracemdedit;nomengenericumGraece'lacertambracchiatam'significat,ad eius bracchia longa praeter solitum, atqueepithetonspecificum'pectusprofundum' significat. Aestimatur ab 18 ad 21metralongus stetisse, et ab 28.3 ad 58tonnasmetricasponderisfuisse.Colluminaequaliter longum,calvariaparva, omnisquemagnitudomagna erat, quarum proprietatum omnes in sauropodis usitate videntur. Praeter solitum, ei erant membra anteriora membris posterioribus longiora, quam ob rem inclinatiotruncierat ardua,caudapro portione breviori.

Brachiosaurusest genus nominaleBrachiosauridarum,exstinctaereptiliumfamiliae,cui sunt aliquot sauropoda similia. Plurimae autemBrachiosauriimagines populo gratissimae re vera inGiraffatitaneconduntur, in genere brachiosauridarum exFormatione TendaguruinTanzaniaeffossarum.Giraffatitanprimum anno1914descriptum est aWerner Janensch,palaeontologoGermano,cui dinosaurobinomenBrachiosaurum brancaidedit, sed hocanimalad suumgenusanno2009motum est. Tres aliorumBrachiosaurorumspecies rite nominatae sunt secundum fossilia inAfricaetEuropareperta; duae autem nondum validae putantur, et tertia suum genus separatum factum est, nomineLusotitan.

HolotypusBrachiosauri altithoracisiam est specimen plenissimum, et pauca specimina alia ad hoc genus pertinere putantur, ut unum ex rarioribusFormationis Morrisonsauropodis sit. Fuisse consideraturherbivorumquod in altis depasci solebat,vegetationemusque ad 9metrasuprasolumpetens.Aliorum sauropodorum dissimilis, minime in membra posteriora stare poterat. Exemplo dinosauri per speciemectothermicumdiu profuit, propter eiusmagnitudinemetnecessitatemsatispabuli,sed investigationes recentiores eumsanguinem calidumhabuisse monstrant.

Inter maxime eximios maximosque dinosauros ab eruditis habitos,Brachiosaurusincultura popularisaepe apparet, insigniter in serieJurassic Park.Hic cum habitu bono curiosoque, unoMegapterae novaeangliaesimili, depingitur, quo ita homines in arbore cum capite appropinquat et eos spectat.

Cladogramma

CladogrammaBrachiosauridarum infra sequens interpretationem a Michael D. D'Emic anno2012refert.

Brachiosauridae	Europasaurus Giraffatitan Brachiosaurus Abydosaurus Cedarosaurus Venenosaurus

Nexus interni

• 9954 Brachiosaurus

Bibliographia

• Brinkman, P. D.2010.The Second Jurassic Dinosaur Rush: Museums and Paleontology in America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century.Sicagi et Londinii: University of Chicago Press.ISBN 978-0226074726.
• Foster, J.2007.Jurassic West: The Dinosaurs of the Morrison Formation and Their World.Bloomingtoniae: Indiana University Press.
• Hallett, M., et M. Wedel.2016.The Sauropod Dinosaurs: Life in the Age of Giants.Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press.ISBN 978-1421420288.
• Klein, Nicole, et al., ed.2011.Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: understanding the life of giants.Bloomingtoniae: Indiana University Press.ISBN 9780253355089,ISBN 0253355087.
• Sander, P. Martin, Andreas Christian, Marcus Clauss, Regina Fechner, Carole T. Gee, Eva-Maria Griebeler, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Jürgen Hummel, Heinrich Mallison, Steven F. Perry, Holger Preuschoft, Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Kristian Remes, Thomas Tütken, Oliver Wings, et Ulrich Witzel.2011."Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism."Biological Reviews86 (1): 117–55. ISSN 0006-3231. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00137.x.PDF.
• Stevens, K. A., et M. J. Parrish.2005a."Digital reconstructions of sauropod dinosaurs and implications for feeding." InThe sauropods: evolution and paleobiology,ed. Jeffrey A.Wilson et Kristina Curry Rogers,178–200. Berkeleiae: University of California Press.ISBN 0520246233.
• Stevens, K. A., et M. J. Parrish.2005b."Neck posture, dentition and feeding strategies in Jurassic sauropod dinosaurs." InThunder Lizards: The Sauropodomorph dinosaurs, "eds. Virginia Tidwell et Kenneth Carpenter. Bloomingtoniae: Indiana University Press.ISBN 0253345421.
• Taylor, Michael P.2009."A re-evaluation ofBrachiosaurus altithoraxRiggs 1903 (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) and its generic separation fromGiraffatitan brancai(Janensch 1914). "Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology29 (3): 787–806. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1671/039.029.0309.PDF.

Nexus externi

VideBrachiosauruminVictionario.

Vicimedia Communiaplura habent quae adBrachiosaurumspectant.

• "The FirstBrachiosaurus."Colloquium cum Joyce Havstad exMuseo FieldianodeBrachiosauroet notione holotyporum.