Bahaso Cino
Bahaso Cino | ||||
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Hán ngữ / hán ngữatauTrung văn Hànyǔ atau Zhōngwén | ||||
![]() Hànyǔ (Cino) ditulih jo aksaratradisional(kiri) jomudah(kanan) | ||||
Ditutuakan di | China,Taiwan,Singapura | |||
Etnis | Han | |||
Jumalah panutua | (1.200 bilion cited 1984–2001)[1] | |||
Rumpun bahaso | Sino-Tibet
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Bantuak pancangan | ||||
Logaik | ||||
Sistim panulihan | Aksara Cino,zhuyin fuhao,Latin,xiao'erjing(Arab),aksara Dungan(Cyril),braille.Aksara 'Phags-pajaman kuno. | |||
Status rasmi | ||||
Bahaso rasmi di | ||||
Diatur dek | National Commission on Language and Script Work (China)[2] National Languages Committee(Taiwan) Promote Mandarin Council(Singapura) Chinese Language Standardisation Council(Malaysia) | |||
Kode-kode bahaso | ||||
ISO 639-1 | zh | |||
ISO 639-2 | chi(B) zho(T) | |||
ISO 639-3 | zho–inclusive code Individual codes: cdo–Min Dong cjy–Jinyu cmn–Mandarin cpx–Pu Xian czh–Huizhou czo–Min Zhong gan–Gan hak–Hakka hsn–Xiang mnp–Min Bei nan–Min Nan wuu–Wu yue–Yue och–Old Chinese ltc–Late Middle Chinese lzh–Classical Chinese | |||
Linguasphere | 79-AAA | |||
Peta dunia bahaso Cino Legenda: ██Nagari nan manggunoan bahaso Cino sabagai bahaso utamo, panguruihan atau natif ██Labiah dari 5,000,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 1,000,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 500,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 100,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Tampek nan mampunyoi bilangan panutua bahaso Cino nan gadang | ||||
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Bahaso Cino(Hán ngữ / hán ngữ;HànyǔatauTrung văn;Zhōngwén) adolah kalompok bahaso nan takaik tapiragam bahasonan, dalam banyaik kasus, indak dapek dipahami satu samo lain dek panutua ragam-ragam bahaso nan balainan. Bahaso Cino marupoan cabang rumpun bahasoSino-Tibet.Di nagariChina,bahaso Cino ditutua dekCino Hannan manjadi majoritas, jo kumpulan-kumpulan etnik lain. Ampia 1.2 bilion urang (labiah kurang 16% populasi tuntas dunia) batutua sabantuak bahaso Cino sabagaibahaso partamomareka.
Ragam-ragambahaso Cinolazimnyo disabuik dek panutuaasli sabagai dialek bahaso Cino nan tungga, tapi ahli linguistik bakato sabagairumpun bahaso,bahaso iko bamacam ragam.[lower-alpha 1]
Pabedoan dalaman bahaso Cino dapek dibandingan joBahaso Roman,tapi inyo mungkin labiah baragam. Tadapek antaro 7 jo 13 kalompok bahaso Cino wilayah utamo; nan paliang banyak ditutua adolahMandarin(labiah kurang 960 juta), diikuti dek bahasoWu(80 juta),Yue(60 juta) joMin(70 juta). Kabanyakkannyo indak dapek dipahamisatu samo lain, maupun ado juo, sarupo bahasoXiangjo babarapo dialekMandarin Barat Dayabakongsi kato nan samo jo dapek samo-samo dipahami dek panutua-panutuonyo. Dari sagi linguistik, kasadonyo ragam bahaso Cino basipaiktonjoanalitik.
Rujuakan
[suntiang|suntiang sumber]- ↑Various examples include:
- David Crystal,The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), p. 312. "The mutual unintelligibility of the varieties is the main ground for referring to them as separate languages."
- Charles N. Li, Sandra A. Thompson.Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar(1989), p. 2. "The Chinese language family is genetically classified as an independent branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family."
- Templat:Harvtxt,p. 1. "[...] the modern Chinese dialects are really more like a family of languages [...]"
- Templat:Harvtxt,p. 56. "To call Chinese a single language composed of dialects with varying degrees of difference is to mislead by minimizing disparities that according to Chao are as great as those between English and Dutch. To call Chinese a family of languages is to suggest extralinguistic differences that in fact do not exist and to overlook the unique linguistic situation that exists in China."