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Bahaso Cino

Wikipedia Minangkabau - Lubuak aka tapian ilimu
Bahaso Cino
Hán ngữ / hán ngữatauTrung văn
Hànyǔ atau Zhōngwén
Hànyǔ (Cino) ditulih jo aksaratradisional(kiri) jomudah(kanan)
Ditutuakan diChina,Taiwan,Singapura
EtnisHan
Jumalah panutua(1.200 bilion cited 1984–2001)[1]
Rumpun bahaso
Sino-Tibet
Bantuak pancangan
Logaik
Wu(tamasuakShanghai)
Sistim panulihanAksara Cino,zhuyin fuhao,Latin,xiao'erjing(Arab),aksara Dungan(Cyril),braille.Aksara 'Phags-pajaman kuno.
Status rasmi
Bahaso rasmi di
Diatur dekNational Commission on Language and Script Work (China)[2]
National Languages Committee(Taiwan)
Promote Mandarin Council(Singapura)
Chinese Language Standardisation Council(Malaysia)
Kode-kode bahaso
ISO 639-1zh
ISO 639-2chi(B)
zho(T)
ISO 639-3zhoinclusive code
Individual codes:
cdoMin Dong
cjyJinyu
cmnMandarin
cpxPu Xian
czhHuizhou
czoMin Zhong
ganGan
hakHakka
hsnXiang
mnpMin Bei
nanMin Nan
wuuWu
yueYue
ochOld Chinese
ltcLate Middle Chinese
lzhClassical Chinese
Linguasphere79-AAA
Peta dunia bahaso Cino

Legenda: ██Nagari nan manggunoan bahaso Cino sabagai bahaso utamo, panguruihan atau natif ██Labiah dari 5,000,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 1,000,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 500,000 panutua bahaso Cino ██Labiah dari 100,000 panutua bahaso Cino

██Tampek nan mampunyoi bilangan panutua bahaso Cino nan gadang


Bahaso Cino(Hán ngữ / hán ngữ;HànyǔatauTrung văn;Zhōngwén) adolah kalompok bahaso nan takaik tapiragam bahasonan, dalam banyaik kasus, indak dapek dipahami satu samo lain dek panutua ragam-ragam bahaso nan balainan. Bahaso Cino marupoan cabang rumpun bahasoSino-Tibet.Di nagariChina,bahaso Cino ditutua dekCino Hannan manjadi majoritas, jo kumpulan-kumpulan etnik lain. Ampia 1.2 bilion urang (labiah kurang 16% populasi tuntas dunia) batutua sabantuak bahaso Cino sabagaibahaso partamomareka.

Ragam-ragambahaso Cinolazimnyo disabuik dek panutuaasli sabagai dialek bahaso Cino nan tungga, tapi ahli linguistik bakato sabagairumpun bahaso,bahaso iko bamacam ragam.[lower-alpha 1]

Pabedoan dalaman bahaso Cino dapek dibandingan joBahaso Roman,tapi inyo mungkin labiah baragam. Tadapek antaro 7 jo 13 kalompok bahaso Cino wilayah utamo; nan paliang banyak ditutua adolahMandarin(labiah kurang 960 juta), diikuti dek bahasoWu(80 juta),Yue(60 juta) joMin(70 juta). Kabanyakkannyo indak dapek dipahamisatu samo lain, maupun ado juo, sarupo bahasoXiangjo babarapo dialekMandarin Barat Dayabakongsi kato nan samo jo dapek samo-samo dipahami dek panutua-panutuonyo. Dari sagi linguistik, kasadonyo ragam bahaso Cino basipaiktonjoanalitik.

  1. Various examples include:
    • David Crystal,The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), p. 312. "The mutual unintelligibility of the varieties is the main ground for referring to them as separate languages."
    • Charles N. Li, Sandra A. Thompson.Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar(1989), p. 2. "The Chinese language family is genetically classified as an independent branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family."
    • Templat:Harvtxt,p. 1. "[...] the modern Chinese dialects are really more like a family of languages [...]"
    • Templat:Harvtxt,p. 56. "To call Chinese a single language composed of dialects with varying degrees of difference is to mislead by minimizing disparities that according to Chao are as great as those between English and Dutch. To call Chinese a family of languages is to suggest extralinguistic differences that in fact do not exist and to overlook the unique linguistic situation that exists in China."
    Linguists in China often use a formulation introduced byFu Maojiin theEncyclopedia of China:Hán ngữ tại ngữ ngôn hệ chúc phân loại trung tương đương vu nhất cá ngữ tộc đích địa vị. ( "In language classification, Chinese has a status equivalent to a language family." )[3]