Baalbek

Baalbek بَعْلَبَكّcode: ar is deprecated
Bandar
Baalbek (Bumi)
Koordinat:34°0′22.81″N36°12′26.36″E
Negara	Lubnan
Kegabenoran	Baalbek-Hermel
Daerah	Baalbek
Pentadbiran
• Datuk bandar	Bachir Khodr
Keluasan
•Bandar	7 km2(3 batu persegi)
• Metro	16 km2(6 batu persegi)
Aras	1,170 m (3,840 ft)
Penduduk
•Bandar	82,608
•Metro	105,000
Zon waktu	UTC+2(EET)
• Musim panas (DST)	+3
Baalbek
Inskripsi	1984 (sesike-8)
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Baalbek(/ˈbɑːlbɛk,ˈbeɪəlbɛk/;Arab:بَعْلَبَكّ,rumi:Baʿlabakkcode: ar is deprecated;Syriac-Aramaic:ܒܥܠܒܟ) merupakan sebuah bandar yang terletak di timur Sungai Litani di Lembah Beqaa diLubnan,kira-kira 67 km (42 bt) timur lautBeirut.Ia adalah ibu kota Kegabenoran Baalbek-Hermel.Pada tahun 1998, Baalbek mempunyai populasi 82,608, kebanyakannyaMuslim Syiah,diikuti olehMuslim SunnidanKristian.Pekan ini terkenal dengan tapak bersejarah dan tarikan pelancong, termasuk beberapa kuil Rom purba, Masjid Besar darizaman Umayyah,dan tapak kuari Rom bernamaHajar al-Hibla.

Baalbek mempunyai sejarah yang bermula sekurang-kurangnya 11,000 tahun, merangkumi zaman penting seperti zaman Prasejarah,Kanaan,Helenistik dan Rom. Selepas Alexander the Great menakluki kota itu pada 334 SM, dia menamakannyaHeliopolis(Ἡλιούπολιςcode: grc is deprecated,bahasa Yunaniuntuk "Kota Matahari" ). Kota ini berkembang pesat di bawah pemerintahan Rom. Walau bagaimanapun, ia mengalami transformasi semasa zaman Kristianisasi dankebangkitan Islamseterusnya selepaspenaklukan Arabpada abad ke-7. Dalam tempoh kemudian, bandar itu telah dirampas oleh orangMongoldan menghadapi beberapa siri gempa bumi, mengakibatkan penurunan kepentingan semasa zaman Uthmaniyyah dan moden.Bandar ini terkenal dengan runtuhan kompleks kuil Baalbek dari zaman Rom, menempatkan dua kuil Rom terbesar dan terhebat: Kuil Bacchus dan Kuil Musytari. Ia telah ditulis pada tahun 1984 sebagaitapak Warisan Dunia UNESCO.

Dalam era moden, Baalbek adalah sebuah bandar yang agak kecil yang menikmati kelebihan ekonomi sebagai destinasi pelancongan yang dicari. Walau bagaimanapun, sektor pelancongan telah menghadapi cabaran akibat konflik di Lubnan, terutamanyaperang saudara 1975–1990,danperang saudara Syriayang berterusan sejak 2011.Hari ini, bandar itu adalah kubu kuat pertubuhan militanHizbullah.

Bandar berkembar

Baalbekberkembardengan:

• Bari, Itali
• L'Aquila,Itali
• Thrake,Yunani
• Yogyakarta,Indonesia.

Pautan luar

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Bacaan lanjut

• The Entrance to the Temple of Jupiter.Washington:Library of Congress. 29 Mei 2013.Dicapai pada4 Jun2024– melalui World Digital Library.
• Baalbek.New York:UNESCOWorld Heritage Centre. Diarkibkan daripadayang asalpada 12 September 2007.