Tiga Belas Jajahan
Penampilan
Tiga belas koloniatau jajahan merupakan sebahagian daripadaAmerika British,nama yang digunakan oleh Great Britain untuk tiga belas negeri asalAmerika SyarikatsehinggalahPerjan gian Parispada tahun 1783 yang memperakuikemerdekaanAmerika Syarikat. Jajahan British di Amerika Utara inimemberontakke atas pemerintahanBritishpada tahun 1775 kerana cukai yang dikenakan Great Britain ke atas jajahan. Kerajaan sementara ditubuhkan danperisytiharan kemerdekaandibuat pada tahun 1776 yang kini diraikan setiap 4 Julai.
Koloni
[sunting|sunting sumber]Dokumen-dokumen pada zaman itu biasanya menyenaraikan tiga belas koloniBritish Amerika Utaramengikut turutan geografi, bermula dari utara ke selatan.
- Koloni-koloni New England
- Wilayah New Hampshire,kemudianNew Hampshire
- Wilayah Teluk Massachusetts,kemudianMassachusettsdanMaine
- Koloni Rhode Island dan Providence Plantations,kemudianRhode Island
- Koloni Connecticut,kemudianConnecticut
- Koloni Tengah
- Wilayah New York,kemudianNew YorkdanVermont[1]
- Wilayah New Jersey,kemudianNew Jersey
- Wilayah Pennsylvania,kemudianPennsylvania
- Koloni Delaware(sebelum 1776,Lower Counties on Delaware), kemudianDelaware
- Koloni-koloni Selatan(bergantung kepada subjek yang dibincangkan, Virginia dan Maryland dikumpulkan bersama sebagaiKoloni Chesapeake)
- Wilayah Maryland,kemudianMaryland
- Koloni dan Penguasaan Virginia,kemudianVirginia,KentuckydanVirginia Barat
- Wilayah Carolina Utara,kemudianCarolina UtaraandTennessee
- Wilayah Carolina Selatan,kemudianCarolina Selatan
- Wilayah Georgia,kemudianGeorgia
Rujukan
[sunting|sunting sumber]- ^The present State ofVermontwas disputed between the colonies of New York and New Hampshire. From 1777 to 1791, it existed as thede factoindependentVermont Republic.
Bacaan lanjut
[sunting|sunting sumber]- Adams, James Truslow (1922).The Founding of New England.Atlantic Monthly Press; full text online.
- Adams, James Truslow.Revolutionary New England, 1691–1776(1923)
- Andrews, Charles M.The Colonial Period of American History(4 vol. 1934–38), the standard political overview to 1700
- Carr, J. Revell (2008).Seeds of Discontent: The Deep Roots of the American Revolution, 1650–1750.Walker Books.
- Chitwood, Oliver.A history of colonial America(1961), older textbook
- Cooke, Jacob Ernest et al., ed.Encyclopedia of the North American Colonies.(3 vol. 1993); 2397 pp.; comprehensive coverage; compares British, French, Spanish & Dutch colonies
- Elliott, John (2006).Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America 1492–1830.Yale University Press.
- Foster, Stephen, ed.British North America in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries(2014)doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199206124.001.0001
- Gipson, Lawrence.The British Empire Before the American Revolution(15 volumes, 1936–1970), Pulitzer Prize; highly detailed discussion of every British colony in the New World
- Greene, Evarts Boutelle et al.,American Population before the Federal Census of 1790,1993,ISBN0-8063-1377-3
- Greene, Evarts Boutell (1905).Provincial America, 1690–1740.Harper & brothers; full text online.
- Hawke, David F.;The Colonial Experience;1966,ISBN0-02-351830-8.older textbook
- Hawke, David F.Everyday Life in Early America(1989)excerpt and text search
- Middlekauff, Robert(2005).The Glorious Cause: the American Revolution, 1763–1789.Oxford University Press.
- Middleton, Richard, and Anne Lombard.Colonial America: A History to 1763(4th ed. 2011), the newest textbookexcerpt and text search
- Taylor, Alan.American colonies(2002), 526 pages; recent survey by leading scholar
- Vickers, Daniel, ed.A Companion to Colonial America.(Blackwell, 2003) 576 pp.; topical essays by expertsexcerpt