Template:Cite web

Thistemplateis used to cite online sources in Wikipedia articles. {{Cite news}} can also be used when citing a news source; for general information about citations in Wikipedia articles, seeWikipedia:Cite sources.A general discussion of the use of templates for adding citations to Wikipedia articles is available atWikipedia:Citation templates.

Usage[सम्पादन]

Note:None of the parameters should be capitalised, in order to avoid the article being tagged as having a broken citation. For example, use "url", "title", etc.—not "URL", "Title", etc.

Common forms with authors in any format[सम्पादन]

Citations within a page should use consistent formats. However, there is no consensus about which format is best. The following examples are for citations where one or more authors are listed in a single|author=authorsparameter, using any format. Also shown below are two separate date formats that are commonly used in Wikipedia:

Day Month Year: {{Cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=७ जुलाई २०२४}}
Month Day, Year: {{Cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=जुलाई ७, २०२४}}

Common forms with last1, first1; last2, first2[सम्पादन]

The examples hereafter will suffice for up to two authors each with first and last names; for more, just create more parameters in a similar style:

Day Month Year: {{Cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=७ जुलाई २०२४}}
Month Day, Year: {{Cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=जुलाई ७, २०२४}}

All parameters[सम्पादन]

When copying all parameters in either the vertical or horizontal layouts, delete those which are not needed.

All parameters, horizontal layout: {{Cite web |url= |title= |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans_title= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doibroken= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc = |embargo= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |deadurl= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript=}}

All parameters, vertical layout

{{Cite web
|url =
|title =
|first =
|last =
|author =
|authorlink =
|coauthors =
|date =
|month =
|year =
|work =
|publisher =
|location =
|page =
|pages =
|at =
|language =
|trans_title =
|format =
|arxiv =
|asin =
|bibcode =
|doi =
|doibroken =
|isbn =
|issn =
|jfm =
|jstor =
|lccn =
|mr =
|oclc =
|ol =
|osti =
|pmc =
|embargo =
|pmid =
|rfc =
|ssrn =
|zbl =
|id =
|archiveurl =
|archivedate =
|deadurl =
|accessdate =
|quote =
|ref =
|separator =
|postscript =
}}

Required parameters[सम्पादन]

url:URL of online item. Start the URL with the communications protocol, e.g. http://.
title:Title of online item. This title will appear as the citation itself, hyperlinked to the URL. Certain characters must be replaced with theirHTML numeric referenceto be used in the title. The character "["must be replaced with" [ ","]"with" ] ", and"|"(vertical bar) with" | ".

Optional parameters[सम्पादन]

author parameters
- authorUse if specific individuals (rather than large organizations) are named as writing the page. Use thepublisherfield to report the organization that controls the website.
- lastworks withfirstto producelast, first
- authorlinkworks either withauthoror withlast&firstto link to the appropriate Wikipedia article. Does not work with URLs.
- last1,first1,...,last9,first9and optionallyauthorlink1,...,authorlink9for specifying more authors (note:last1,first1andauthorlink1are synonyms forlast,firstandauthorlink,so useeitherlast1orlast,not both)
- coauthors:alternative way of specifying additional authors (to be used in conjunction with parameter(s) above in order to be visible)
a date parameter
- eitherdate:Full date of publication. Should not be wikilinked.
- oryear:Year of publication, andmonth:Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, usedateinstead. Should not be wikilinked.
format:Format, e.g. PDF. HTML implied if not specified.
work:In most cases this is the name of the website (as usually given in the logo/banner area of the site), otherwise the site's domain name. If the titled item being cited is part of some other larger work, such as a book, periodical or organizational sub-site (e.g., the law school's section of a university's website system), it is usually better to use the name of that more specific work than that of the entire site. Do not italicize; the software will do so automatically.
publisher:The name of the entity that publishes (owns or controls) the website. Commonly, this is a government agency, educational institution, or business. For many websites, the author and publisher are the same, and only one needs to be included in the citation; prefer publisher for organizations, author (or first/last) for individuals. Please note thatpublisher is not the name of the website;that is thework,except in cases where the business name is identical to the site name. For example, the corporationWalmartis the publisher of the website at walmart.com, which is the work;Amazon.comis the publisher of the website at amazon.com, which need not be specified as the work, as this would be redundant. For republished works, generally use the original publisher information (including location, date, etc., and it is often more appropriate to use {{cite book}}, {{cite news}}, etc. with a|url=parameter instead of{{cite web}}).
- location:Geographical location of the publisher (or headquarters thereof).
a page parameter
- eitherpage:Page number if a multi-page web article and referencing a single page. "page=5" producesp. 5.
- orpages:Page numbers if a multi-page web article and referencing more than one page. "pages=5–7" producespp. 5–7.This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not a total number of pages.
- orat:When the page prefix is unwanted. "at=Table 5" producesTable 5.
language:language of publication (do not specify "English" as this is the default).
- trans_title:A translated title of the article, in case the original title is in a foreign language. Would normally be used in conjunction with thelanguageparameter.
arxiv:
asin:
bibcode:The document'sbibcodein theAstrophysics Data System,e.g.,1924MNRAS..84..308E
doi:Adigital object identifierfor the document, such as10.1038/news070508-7
- Doilabel:If the doi contains some characters that must beescaped,use "doilabel" for the unescaped version. See {{doi}}: "id" is equivalent to "doi" and "label" is "doilabel"
- doibroken:The date that a digital object identifier link was found to be broken.
isbn:International Standard Book Numbersuch as1-111-22222-9.Note that|isbn=,like all field names, must be in lowercase. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link. The template is insensitive to formatting so an ISBN number without dashes ( "-" ) may be used (e.g.|isbn=1111222229), though ISBNs with correctly formatted dashes are preferred (seeWikipedia:ISBNandISBN). Please use the 13-digit ISBN where possible; this can normally be found beneath the barcode as a number beginning 978 or 979. For books with the older SBN system (9 digits), use this field but prefix the number with a zero; thusSBN 902888-45-5should be entered as|isbn=0-902888-45-5.More information about this feature and its advantages is available atWikipedia:ISBN.
issn:The publication'sInternational Standard Serial Numbersuch as1111-2220.The eight-figure ISSN may be split into two groups of four using ahyphen;but not anN-dashor a space.
jfm:
jstor:Makes a link to aJSTORarticle or journal determined by a given parameter. The main purpose is to use as part of anidoption in a {{cite journal}} reference.
lccn:
mr:
oclc:Online Computer Library CenterID number, such as3185581.The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link.
ol:
osti:
pmc:The document'sPubMed Centralarticle number (PMCID) for full-text free repository of an article, such as246835
- embargo:The date that an article will be freely accessible at PubMed central. After this date, the title will automatically link to the free full text at PubMed Central (and the parameter will be removed bya bot).
pmid:The document'sPubMed Unique Identifier,such as15128012
rfc:
ssrn:
zbl:
id:Aunique identifier,used if none of the preceding are applicable. In this case, you need to specify the kind of identifier you are using, preferably with a template like {{ASIN}} or {{ISSN}}. (Use one of the more specialized parameters if possible; they are linked automatically. In other words, do not use|id=ISBN 1-111-22222-9anymore; use|isbn=1-111-22222-9.If the book has a SBN but not an ISBN, see|isbn=.)
archive parameters(if used, both parameters must be used together)
- archiveurl:The URL of anarchivedcopy of the page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services likeWebCiteandthe Internet Archive.
- archivedate:Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked.
- deadurl:Should be set to "yes" / "no" to indicate if the original link isdeador live. Setting|deadurl=nowill change the main link to the original url.
accessdate:Full date when item was accessed. Should not be wikilinked. This should be given if the publication date is unknown; seeCitation styles.
quote:Relevant quote from online item.
ref:ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value|ref=IDgenerates an anchor with the givenID;such a linkable reference can be made the target ofwikilinks to full references,especially useful in short citations likeshortened notesandparenthetical referencing.The special value|ref=harvgenerates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template; seeanchors for Harvard referencing templates.
separator:The separator to use in lists of authors, editors,etc.Defaults to ".", but "," may be useful also. If the field is present, but blank,no separator will be used.
postscript:The closing punctuation for the citation. If specified, over-rides the default behaviour of terminating the citation with a full stop. If the field is present, but blank,no terminating punctuation will be used.This may be useful when generating an output consistent with other templates. It is preferred to manually adding ending punctuation, as the punctuation occurs within the <cite> tag, so will appear before any icons added by browser plugins. Ignored if|quote=is specified.

Duplicate periods[सम्पादन]

By default, {{cite web}} separates some fields with periods, so do not encode those fields ending with a period or a duplicate period will be added. Example: "publisher=Camelot, Inc" will correctly show asCamelot, Inc.but "publisher=Camelot, Inc." will incorrectly show asCamelot, Inc..

Examples[सम्पादन]

Some standard use cases

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→Doe, John (30 April 2005).My Favorite Things, Part II.Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing. 6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→Doe, John (30 April 2005).My Favorite Things, Part II.Encyclopedia of Things.6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→Doe, John (30 April 2005).My Favorite Things, Part II.6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web ||url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→Doe, John.My Favorite Things, Part II.6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→My Favorite Things, Part II.6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfl.com/rulebook/digestofrules |title=Digest of Rules |publisher=National Football League |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→Digest of Rules.National Football League. 6 July 2005 कथं।

Using format

{{Cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |publisher=International Narcotics Control Board |format=PDF |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→List of psychotropic substances under international control(PDF). International Narcotics Control Board. 6 July 2005 कथं।

Foreign language and translated title

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Honni soit qui mal y pense |author=Joliet, François |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005 |language=French |trans_title=Shame on those who think evil }}
→Joliet, François (30 April 2005).Honni soit qui mal y pense(French).6 July 2005 कथं।

coauthors

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→Doe, John; Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim (30 April 2005).Our Favorite Things.Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing. 16 May 2006 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→Doe, John; Peter Smith; Jim Smythe (30 April 2005).Our Favorite Things.Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing. 16 May 2006 कथं।

No author

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→Index of Sharp Things.Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing (30 April 2005). 16 May 2006 कथं।

No author, no publisher

This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author.

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005}}
→Index of Sharp Things.Encyclopedia of Things(30 April 2005). 6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005}}
→Index of Sharp Things(30 April 2005). 6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=6 July 2005 |language=Greek }}
→List of psychotropic substances under international control(Greek)(PDF) (30 April 2005). 6 July 2005 कथं।

Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" for webpages that have been archived

{{Cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=6 July 2005 |archiveurl=http://www.archive.org/2005-09-11/www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |archivedate=11 September 2005 }}
→List of psychotropic substances under international control(PDF) (30 April 2005).मूलिधंसाय्तिथि 11 September 2005 कथं। 6 July 2005 कथं।

{{Cite web |url=http://joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm |title=Interview with Maggie Downs |date=31 March 2006 |publisher=The Desert Sun |archiveurl=http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm |archivedate=26 April 2006 }}
→Interview with Maggie Downs.The Desert Sun (31 March 2006).मूलिधंसाय्तिथि 26 April 2006 कथं।

Using "quote"

{{Cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |work=WebExhibits |year=2008 |accessdate=27 September 2009 |quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...' }}
→Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea.WebExhibits(2008). 27 September 2009 कथं। “... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins...'”