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Nasjonalrett

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Den kasakhiske nasjonalrettenkazaksha et(kasakhisk kjøt) ellerbeshbarmak.

Einnasjonalretter einmatrettsomrepresenterereit særskild land, nasjon eller region.[1]Ein rett kan få denne statusen av fleire ulike grunnar:

  • Han erbasiskostlaga av lokale ingrediensar på ein særskild lokal måte, somfruits de merservert ved vestkysten av Frankrike.[1]
  • Han inneheld ein særskild «eksotisk» ingrediens som blir produsert lokalt, som søramerikanskpaprikadyrka i dei europeiskePyreneane.[1]
  • Han blir servert ved lokalehøgtidereller festar som er del av den lokale kulturarva og/eller del avreligiøsutøving, somjul,korban pesachelleriftar.[1]
  • Han er blitt framheva som ein nasjonalrett av krefter i landet sjølv, som promoteringa avfondysom nasjonalrett forSveitsav den sveitiske osteunionen (Schweizerische Käseunion) frå 1930-åra.[2]

Nasjonalrettar er ein del avidentitetenog sjølvbildet til ulike nasjonar, regionar eller kulturar.[3] Under den europeiskeimperialismenkunne land utvikla nasjonalrettar for å skilja seg ut frå rivalane sine.[4]

I land med mange ulike folkegrupper og kulturar, somIndia,KinaogMexico,kan det vera nær umogleg å sameina seg om ein nasjonalrett.[3]Då det gjekk rykte om at styresmaktene planla å utropakhichditil nasjonalrett skapte det oppstand, men dette blei seinare avkrefta som ei misforståing.[5][6][7]

Latinamerikanske nasjonalrettar

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ILatin-Amerikafinst det ofte rettar rekna som nasjonale spreidd i fleire land, somcevicheiPeruogEcuador,ellermatambresom er nær ved å vera rekna som nasjonalrett iParaguay,UruguayogArgentina.[8]Kjøtstuing medkokebananogrotfruktererplatos nacionalesi fleire land iSentral-Amerika,Sør-AmerikaogKaribia:ColombianskajiacoellersancochoiDen dominikanske republikken,ColombiaogPanamaer døme på slike rettar. Ifølgje Zilkia Janer (2008) stiller denne delinga av nasjonalrett mellom ulike land spørsmål kring ideen om at kvart land har ein særskild nasjonalrett som er spesiell for landet; ho seier at mattradisjonar ikkje følgjer nasjonale og geopolitiske grenser.[3]

Identifiseringa av latinamerikanske nasjonalrettar kan vera sterkare blant utflyttarsamfunn i Nord-Amerika.[3]I latinamerikanske land er nasjonalretten gjerne del av mattradisjonen til bygdesamfunn, og ikkje nødvendigvis daglegkost for folk som bur i byane. I utflyttarsamfunn kan retten takast tilbake for å halda på ein nasjonal identitet eller eit band til heimlandet, og blir høgtideleg servert i heimar og restaurantar. Denne danninga av nasjonal identitet gjer at samfunnet kan stå imot press for homogenisering av mange etnisk og kulturelt ulike grupper til ein stgor gruppeidentitet somlatinoellerhispanic.[3]

Drikke

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Nasjonaldrikkarer særmerkte drikkar som er sterkt knytte til eit visst land eller område, og kan også vera del av nasjonal identitet. Nasjonaldrikkar kan inngå i to kategoriar, alkoholdrikkar og leskedrikkar. Ein alkoholhaldig nasjonaldrikk kan vera ein nasjonallikørsom ein kan drikka ublanda (som medwhiskeyi Irland), men er som regel ein blanda drikk eller cocktail (somcaipirinhai Brazil ogpisco souri Peru og Chile), eller øl eller vin. Nokre nasjonaldrikkar utan alkohol kan veratefor Kina,coca-colafor USA,lassifor India,matéfor Uruguay ogkompotfor austeuropeiske land.

Rettar etter land

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Denne lista over nasjonalrettar er ikkje fullstendig, men inneheld ulike matrettar som er lagt fram som nasjonalrettar.

A

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Argentinskeempanadas

B

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Belgiskefritesmed majones

C

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D

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Stegt flæsk med persillesovs frå Danmark.

E

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F

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Pot-au-feu,nasjonalrett i Frankrike

G

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H

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I

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Tumpeng,nasi kuningog andre indonesiske rettar.

J

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Sushifrå Japan

K

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Amok trey,ein nasjonalrett i Kambodsja

L

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Tabboulehfrå Libanon

M

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Nasi lemak,nasjonalrett iMalaysia.

N

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Dal bhatfrå Nepal

O

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P

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Adobo,nasjonalrett frå Filippinane

Q

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R

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S

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Svensk krepselag

T

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Tom yum,nasjonalrett i Thailand

U

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Sunday roast— i dette dømet medpotetstappeog grønsaker — er ein britisk nasjonalrett. Ein litenYorkshire-puddingher gjer denne verskonen særskildengelsk.

V

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Z

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Galleri

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Kjelder

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  1. ↑1,01,11,21,3«Top Ten National Dishes».National Geographic Magazine (Travel section). 13. september 2011.Henta 6. mars 2013.
  2. ↑Intervju med Isabelle Raboud-Schüle, director of theMusée gruérien«History of Cheese Fondue».Arkivert fråoriginalen20. juli 2010.Henta 23. desember 2010.
  3. ↑3,03,13,23,33,4Zilkia Janer (2008).Latino food culture.Food cultures in America. ABC-CLIO. s. 71–73.ISBN9780313340277.
  4. ↑Howes, David; Lalonde, Marc (June 1991). «The history of sensibilities: Of the standard of taste in mid-eighteenth century England og the circulation of smells in post-revolutionary France».Dialectical Anthropology16(2): 125–135.ISSN0304-4092.doi:10.1007/BF00250241.
  5. ↑5,05,1«How humble khichdi – lentils and rice – became India’s ‘national dish’»,South China Morning Post(på engelsk), 18. januar 2018,henta 21. oktober 2020
  6. ↑6,06,1«Khichdi not national food, clarifies Harsimrat Kaur Badal».THE HINDU.
  7. ↑7,07,1«It is a Cooked Up Story, Khichdi Will Not be Made National Dish: Harsimrat Kaur Badal».NEWS18.
  8. ↑Jim Hillibish (3. juni 2010).«Boiling Point: Matambre a South American spin on Italian beef».Leavenworth Times.Henta 23. august 2020.
  9. ↑«Kabuli Pulao With Raisins And Carrots».Henta15 August2011.
  10. ↑Stein, Rick.«Albanian baked lamb med rice (Tavë kosi)».BBC.Henta24 June2020.
  11. ↑11,0011,0111,0211,0311,0411,0511,0611,0711,0811,0911,1011,1111,1211,1311,1411,1511,1611,1711,1811,1911,2011,2111,22Ciara Knight (9. november 2017).«THE NATIONAL DISH OF EVERY COUNTRY AT THE WORLD CUP, RANKED FROM WORST TO BEST».Joe.co.uk(på engelsk).Henta 20. august 2020.
  12. ↑Esme Fox (August 23, 2017).«The 10 Most Traditional Dishes From Andorra».Culture Trip.Henta 21. august 2010.
  13. ↑Hamilton, Cherie.Cuisines of Portuguese EncountersNew York: Hippocrene Books, 2001. p. 219
  14. ↑«El asado».Arkivert fråoriginalen3. desember 2013.Henta 25. februar 2012.
  15. ↑«El mapa definitivo de las empanadas argentinas con sus 14 versiones».www.lanacion.com.ar(på spansk). 5. oktober 2018.Henta 3. august 2020.
  16. ↑Pamela Goyan Kittler, Kathryn P. Sucher, Marcia Nelms (2016).Food og Culture.Cengage Learning. s. 307.ISBN9781305886872.Henta 23. august 2020.
  17. ↑Amy Hibberd (19. januar 2006).«World traveler offers tips for making Argentinian specialty».Herald Tribune.Arkivert fråoriginalen2. februar 2021.Henta 23. august 2020.
  18. ↑«How Different Countries Use Beef».Alani Trading.April 21, 2020. Arkivert fråoriginalen3. februar 2021.Henta 23. august 2020.
  19. ↑«Argentina - Gastronomia»(på spansk). Arkivert fråoriginalen27. juli 2008.Henta 25. februar 2012.
  20. ↑20,020,1Felix Gaedtke & Gayatri Parameswaran (8. mai 2013).«Food feuds continue to simmer in the Caucasus».Al Jazeera.Henta 20. august 2020.
  21. ↑Sunshine Coast Dailyhttps://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/roast-lamb-crowned-australias-national-dish/1781137/
  22. ↑22,022,1«The question that won't die: is the meat pie Australia's national dish?».The Guardian.1. januar 2015.Henta 21. august 2020.
  23. ↑«Our greatest Aussie recipes».Henta 5. juni 2011.
  24. ↑Harland, Robert.«Aussie meat pies».SunStar.Henta 24. juni 2020.
  25. ↑25,025,1Symons, Michael (15. april 2010).«The confection of a nation the social invention og social construction of the Pavlova».Social Semiotics20(2): 197.doi:10.1080/10350330903566004.Henta 25. november 2019.
  26. ↑«Cautious change to Australia's 'national dish'».14. juni 2009.Henta 23. september 2018.
  27. ↑27,027,127,227,3«Top 10 National Dishes».National Geographic.Henta 20. august 2020.
  28. ↑«National Dishes & Local Favorites from the Islands of the Caribbean».Caribbeanamericanfoods.com. Arkivert fråoriginalen22. juni 2010.Henta 4. juli 2010.
  29. ↑«Chicken Machboos (Bahraini Chicken & Rice)».The Daring Gourmet(på engelsk). 25. mars 2013.Henta 17. september 2020.
  30. ↑Bahrain's National DishArkivert2011-06-10 vedWayback Machine.
  31. ↑Chitrita Banerji (3. juli 2007).«A Bengali bounty».Salon.com. Arkivert fråoriginalen3. desember 2010.Henta 20. august 2020.
  32. ↑«Belgium's national dish, fried potato sticks, are spared effects of national coronavirus lockdown».Gulf Today.15. mars 2020.Henta 20. august 2020.
  33. ↑Tom Masters (1. oktober 2009).Europe on a Shoestring.Lonely planet.ISBN978-1-74104-855-1.Henta 15. juli 2010.
  34. ↑Schehr, Lawrence R.; Weiss, Allen S. (2001).French Food: On the Table On the Page og in French Culture.Abingdon: Routledge. s. 158.ISBN0415936284.
  35. ↑35,035,1Scholliers, Peter (May 1, 2010).«Upgrading the Local: Belgian Cuisine in Global Waves».Gastronomica: The Journal of Food og Culture10(2): 51–52.PMID21539048.doi:10.1525/gfc.2010.10.2.49.HentaAugust 25,2010.
  36. ↑«Belgian Chocolate Mousse».Belgium Tourist Office.Henta 25. august 2020.
  37. ↑«Food».Tourism Council of Bhutan. 20. august 2020.
  38. ↑38,038,138,2Ben Groundwater (24. september 2014).«The world's 12 best national dishes».The Herald. Arkivert fråoriginalen23. oktober 2014.Henta 17. september 2020.
  39. ↑«Bosanksi Lonac – Bosnia & Herzegovina National Dish».Arkivert fråoriginalen18. november 2010.Henta 18. september 2010.
  40. ↑Sam Bedford (14. august 2018).«The 21 Best Dishes to Eat in Bosnia og Herzegovina».Culture Trip.Henta 8. september 2020.
  41. ↑Tamara Gamulin (24. mars 2018).«Ćevapi – the dish driving people crazy for decades».Croatia Week.Henta 8. september 2020.
  42. ↑Jodi Ettenberg (27. februar 2017).«HOW TO MAKE SESWAA, BOTSWANA'S OFFICIAL NATIONAL DISH».G Adventures.Henta 20. august 2020.
  43. ↑Rodrigo, Elias.«Feijoada: a short history of an edible institution»(PDF).Henta 5. juli 2019.
  44. ↑Bahrum Ali (21. februar 2009).«Fostering family ties med ambuyat feasts».The Brunei Times.Arkivert fråoriginalen4. april 2014.Henta 5. april 2014.
  45. ↑Jessica Tiah (8. januar 2011).«Ambuyat - Our iconic heritage».The Brunei Times.Arkivert fråoriginalen4. april 2014.Henta 5. april 2014.
  46. ↑Trillin, Calvin (23. november 2009). «Canadian Journal, "Funny Food,"».The New Yorker:68–70.
  47. ↑Wong, Grace (2. oktober 2010).«Canada's national dish: 740 calories -- and worth every bite?».CNN. Arkivert fråoriginalen30. januar 2011.
  48. ↑Sufrin, Jon (22. april 2010).«Is poutine Canada's national food? Two arguments for, two against».Toronto Life.Arkivert fråoriginalen22 March 2011.
  49. ↑«Kraft Dinner is Canada's True National Dish».The Walrus(på engelsk). 12. september 2012.Henta 15. mai 2020.
  50. ↑Natalia Cuevas Huaico (4. mars 2020).«Morning Start: Did you know Canadians eat the most Kraft Dinner out of any nation?».Vernon Morning Star.Henta 20. august 2020.
  51. ↑«Democracy never tasted so delicious».National Post.June 30, 2006. Arkivert fråoriginalen13. februar 2012.Henta 3. oktober 2007.
  52. ↑Baird, Elizabeth (30. juni 2009).«Does Canada Have a National Dish?».Canadian Living.
  53. ↑DeMONTIS, RITA (21. juni 2010).«Canadians butter up to this tart».Toronto Sun.Arkivert fråoriginalen26. desember 2018.Henta 20. oktober 2020.,Nanaimo Bar,tourtière
  54. ↑Florence Fabricant (14. april 2009).«For Chileans, Passion Translates to Empanadas».New York Times.Henta 12. mars 2014.
  55. ↑The South American Tableby Maria Baez Kijac (ISBN978-1-55832-249-3), s. 208
  56. ↑Xanthe Clay (15. februar 2020).«Slow cooker Colombian potato og chicken soup recipe».The Telegraph.Henta 20. august 2020.
  57. ↑«POBREZA, DESARROLLO Y SALUD|1999-12-01».Henta 2. februar 2011.
  58. ↑Liza Gershman (30. mai 2018).«A recipe for Cuba's national dish, ropa vieja, or rags, from the new book "Cuban Flavor"».Salon.com.Henta 23. august 2020.
  59. ↑Leah Scott (December 20, 2019).«A History Of Ropa Vieja, One Of Cuba's Most Famous (And Forbidden) National Dishes».Mitu. Arkivert fråoriginalen20. januar 2020.Henta 23. august 2020.
  60. ↑«Official results page of the Danish national dish competition».The Danish ministry of food. 20. november 2014. Arkivert fråoriginalen18. oktober 2014.Henta 21. november 2014.
  61. ↑61,061,1«Denmark selects its first national dish».The Local.November 20, 2014.Henta 23. august 2020.
  62. ↑Lynda Balslev (4. januar 2011).«The Art Of The Danish Open-Face Sandwich».NPR.Henta 21. august 2020.
  63. ↑Aliki Seferou (13. juni 2017).«How a Farmer's Open Faced-Sandwich Became a National Danish Dish».Culture Trip.Culture Trip.HentaAugust 21,2020.
  64. ↑https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/news/general/breaking-news-callaloo-dominicas-new-national-dish/
  65. ↑Concepción de León (2. januar 2020).«36 Hours in Santo Domingo».New York Times.Henta 27. august 2020.
  66. ↑«El Encebollado | Montañita - Ecuador».Montanita.com. 9. mai 2012. Arkivert fråoriginalen26. desember 2018.Henta 3. oktober 2013.
  67. ↑«la guatita ecuatoriana».19. desember 2008. Arkivert fråoriginalen26. desember 2018.Henta 3. oktober 2013.
  68. ↑68,068,168,268,3Hobbs, Jane-Anne (12. juli 2017).«15 of Africa's favorite dishes».CNN Travel.
  69. ↑Joseph R. Haiek (1977).Mideast Business Guide(1 utg.).Los Angeles, United States of America:Los Angeles Mideast business exchange. s. 290–292.ISBN978-0-915652-02-0.Henta 17. februar 2019.
  70. ↑Roden, Claudia(1970).A Book of Middle Eastern Food.Penguin. s. 60–61.
  71. ↑«Declárase Día Nacional de las Pupusasecreto Día Nacional de las Pupusas — Asamblea Legislativa».www.asamblea.gob.sv(på spansk). Arkivert fråoriginalen6. august 2020.Henta 29. mai 2020.
  72. ↑«Secultura invita al Día Nacional de la Pupusa».www.cultura.gob.sv(på spansk). Arkivert fråoriginalen23. juni 2018.Henta 29. mai 2020.
  73. ↑Bob Gibbons, Siân Pritchard-Jones (2. mai 2014).Africa Overland.Bradt Travel Guides. s. 199.ISBN978-184-162-494-5.Henta 28. august 2020.
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  75. ↑«Ethiopia's National Dish».Washington Post.18. mai 2005.Henta 20. august 2020.
  76. ↑«National dish of Finland».National-food.info. Arkivert fråoriginalen21. desember 2016.Henta 17. september 2014.
  77. ↑«The people have spoken - rye bread is the national food».yle.fi.Yle. 19. januar 2017.Henta 8. februar 2017.
  78. ↑78,078,178,278,378,4Bueno, Anna (21. juni 2017).«Adobo, sinigang, or sisig: What's your pick for the Philippines' national dish?».CNN Philippines.Henta 26. desember 2019.
  79. ↑79,079,179,2Gonzalez, Manny (12. juli 2018).«Why don't we have official national dishes?».The Philippine Star.Henta 26. desember 2019.
  80. ↑80,080,1Gapultos, Marvin (23. april 2013).The Adobo Road Cookbook: A Filipino Food Journey.Tuttle Publishing. s. 210.ISBN978-1-4629-1169-1.
  81. ↑DeWitt, Dave (2010).1,001 Best Hot og Spicy Recipes.Agate Publishing.s. 428.ISBN9781572841130.
    Deere, Kiki (20. juni 2017).Journey Through the Philippines: An Unforgettable Journey from Manila to Mindanao.Tuttle Publishing. s. 43.ISBN978-1-4629-1886-7.
    Sifton, Sam (5. januar 2011).«The Cheat: The Adobo Experiment».The New York Times.Henta 5. juni 2011.
    Dee, Ching (3. september 2019).«Your Foodie Guide To Manila».Forbes Travel Guide.The Five Star Travel Corporation.Henta 26. desember 2019.
    Villafuerte, Sai (16 September 2019).«Filipino Chefs Are Taking Back Control of Their Cuisine».Vice.Henta 26. desember 2019.
  82. ↑Vicky B. Bartlet (17. desember 2011).«Palmonas: Make 'buko' juice as national drink».Business Mirror.Arkivert fråoriginalen10. januar 2012.Henta 26. januar 2012.«In his House Resolution 1887, Agham (Science) Party-list Rep. Angelo Palmones said the Philippines has already a number of national symbols, such as narra as national tree, sampaguita as national flower, mango as national fruit, milkfish as national fish og lechon (roast pig) as national dish.»
    Minahan, James B. (23. desember 2009).The Complete Guide to National Symbols og Emblems [2 volumes].ABC-CLIO. s. 152.ISBN978-0-313-34497-8.
    Geis, Darlene (1961).A Colorslide Tour of the Philippines: Island Democracy: Bright Garden of the Pacific.Columbia Record Club. s. 11.
    Chan, Bernice (31 August 2017).«The secrets to great lechon - whole roasted suckling pig that's virtually a Filipino national dish».South China Morning Post(Hong Kong).Henta 14. desember 2019.
    Winn, Patrick (20. desember 2012).«Philippines: New Year's Eve Lechon».Public Radio International(Minneapolis).Henta 14. desember 2019.
    Goodman, Vivian (26. desember 2014).«Filipino community enjoys a taste of home in Akron».WKSU(Kent State University). Arkivert fråoriginalen15. desember 2019.Henta 14. desember 2019.
    Gardiner, Michael A. (11. desember 2017).«Pork fat rules at Porky's Lechon».San Diego City Beat(United States). Arkivert fråoriginalen12. desember 2017.Henta 14. desember 2019.
    Gutman, David (15. oktober 2019).«Craving Filipino-style whole roast pig? Here's the place for you».Seattle Times(United States).Henta 26. desember 2019.
  83. ↑«Try These Innovative Sisig Dishes That Might Just Win a National Competition».Pepper(Philippines). 18. september 2018. Arkivert fråoriginalen26. desember 2019.Henta 26. desember 2019.
    Fecks, Noah; Wagtouicz, Paul (29. otober 2013).The Way We Ate: 100 Chefs Celebrate a Century at the American Table.Simon og Schuster. s. 154.ISBN978-1-4767-3272-5.
  84. ↑McKinnon, Leila (1. november 2012).Australia's Favourite Recipes.Pan Macmillan Australia. s. 76.ISBN978-1-74334-955-7.
    Stafford, Paul (20. august 2018).«Like A Local: 10 Of The Most Unique Foods Of The Philippines».Travel Magazine.Henta 26. desember 2019.
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  86. ↑86,086,1«Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes».Away.com. Arkivert fråoriginalen17. januar 2013.Henta 3. oktober 2013.
  87. ↑87,087,187,2Charlotte Tobitt (16. november 2017).«France declares beef bourguignon its national dish in public poll».IB Times.Henta 20. august 2020.
  88. ↑Pamela Druckerman (22. januar 2019).«It's crunch-time for the baguette».The Economist.Henta 26. august 2020.
  89. ↑Amna Husain (8. november 2012).«Sweet, savory concoctions whisk into city food scene».The South End.Henta 21. august 2020.
  90. ↑Olivia Potts (July 25, 2019).A Half Baked Idea.Penguin UK.ISBN978-024-138-047-5.OCLC0241380472.Henta 25. august 2020.
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  92. ↑92,092,1Davidson, Alan; Jaine, Tom (2006).«Faeroe Islands».
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  98. ↑Ichijo, Atsuko; Johannes, Venetia; Ranta, Ronald (17. september 2020),The Emergence of National Food: The Dynamics of Food and Nationalism(på engelsk), Bloomsbury Academic, s. 607,ISBN978-1-350-18392-6
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  101. ↑Webb, Lois Sinaiko; Cardella, Lindsay Grace (15. oktober 2009),The Multicultural Cookbook for Students(på engelsk), Bloomsbury Publishing USA,ISBN978-0-313-37559-0,henta 5. mars 2024
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  105. ↑«Oil down: National Dish of Grenada».Gov.gd. 5. mars 2010.Henta 3. oktober 2013.
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  107. ↑107,0107,1107,2107,3107,4107,5Kerry Kolasa-Sikiaridi (29. juni 2018).«What is the National Dish of Greece?».Greek Reporter.Henta 22. august 2020.
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  110. ↑110,0110,1Sara Schonhardt og Melanie Wood (15 August 2011).«40 of Indonesia's best dishes».CNN Travel.Henta 6. juli 2014.
  111. ↑Nadya Natahadibrata (10. februar 2014).«Celebratory rice cone dish to represent the archipelago».The Jakarta Post.Henta 9. juli 2014.
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  114. ↑«Delicious: Najmieh Batmanglij transforms Iran's national dish into a pizza».The Iranian. Arkivert fråoriginalen4. september 2021.Henta 7. juli 2010.
  115. ↑Beeston, Richard (27. juni 2007).«Imams put fatwa on carp caught in Tigris».The Times(London).Henta 11. juli 2010.
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  290. ↑Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) (2002), «Борщ»,Українська нацiональна кухня,Сталкер, s. 31(L. M. Bezussenko, red. (2002), «Borscht»,Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine(på ukrainsk), Stalker Publishers, s. 31)
  291. ↑В. В. Похлёбкин (2000),Кулинарный словарь от А до Я,Центрполиграф(William Pokhlyobkin(2000), «Borscht»,The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z(på russisk), Centrpoligraf)
  292. ↑Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) (2002), «Вареники»,Українська нацiональна кухня,Сталкер(L. M. Bezussenko, red. (2002), «Varenyky»,Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine(på ukrainsk), Stalker Publishers, s. 181)
  293. ↑В. В. Похлёбкин (2000), «Вареники»,Кулинарный словарь от А до Я,Центрполиграф, s. 181(William Pokhlyobkin(2000),The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z(på russisk), Centrpoligraf)
  294. ↑294,0294,1Danny Walsh (5 July 2017).Recipes for Reminiscence: The Year in Food-Related Memories, Activities og Tastes.Taylor & Francis. s. 125.ISBN978-1-351-70537-0.
  295. ↑Crawford, Constance (1988).The Muse of Menus: Stories from Life og Cooking.J. Daniel. s. 113.ISBN978-0-936784-64-9.
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  296. ↑«Top 10 National Dishes».National Geographic.13. september 2011.Henta 1. januar 2020.
    Eric Schlosser (2012).Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal.Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. s. 197–199.ISBN978-0-547-75033-0.
  297. ↑297,0297,1297,2Mark Stewart (August 2016).The United States og Canada.Capstone. s. 40.ISBN978-1-4846-3814-9.
  298. ↑George Frederick Scotson-Clark (1923).Eating Without Fears.N.L. Brown. s.87.
  299. ↑Smyth, Clifford (1924).The Literary Digest International Book Review.Funk og Wagnalls Company. s. 637.
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  300. ↑Trumbull, Robert (1977). «Two Samoas».Tin Roofs og Palm Trees(PDF).Australian National University Press. s. 196.ISBN0708107443– via Australian National University.
  301. ↑Martinez, Lacee A.C. (19. mai 2016).«Pucker up: Yigo to celebrate first citrus festival».Pacific Daily News(Guam).Henta 4. januar 2020.
  302. ↑Kramer, Hilary (24. august 2013).«Spam Is For Eating --- Not Deleting».Forbes.Henta 4. januar 2020.
  303. ↑Minahan, James B. (23 December 2009).The Complete Guide to National Symbols og Emblems [2 volumes].ABC-CLIO. s. 139.ISBN978-0-313-34497-8.
    Wise, Naomi (10. mars 2005).«Your Special Island».San Diego Reader.Henta 4. januar 2020.
  304. ↑Squires, Kathleen (5 December 2014).«Where to Find the Best Roast Pork in Puerto Rico».The Wall Street Journal(New York City).Henta 14. februar 2020.
    Claiborne, Craig (5 July 1978).«A 'Casual' Dinner in Puerto Rico».The New York Times.Henta 14. februar 2020.
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    Ritschel, Chelsea (11. desember 2019).«What Christmas Dinner Looks Like Around The World».Independent(United Kingdom).Henta 14. februar 2020.
  305. ↑Mariano, Maureen Aimee (4. april 2016).«The Five Best Places for Mofongo in Maimi».Miami New Times.Henta3 January2020.
    «Foods of Puerto Rico».American Indian Health og Diet Project.Kansas University.Henta 3. januar 2020.«Popular foods in Puerto Rico include the national dish, mofongo (below), made med fried og mashed plantains that are mixed med shrimp, bacon, olive oil og garlic.»
    Zaino, Caitlin (15. juli 2013).«On the mofongo trail in Puerto Rico».Travel.BBC.Henta 3. januar 2020.«From urban Old San Juan to the beaches of Isla Verde, past the cities of Bayamón og Ponce, through lush rainforest og striking coastlines, mofongo proudly stands as Puerto Rico’s unofficial national dish.»
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  308. ↑The secrets of Vanuatu's national dish, the Lap Lap
  309. ↑Philip Sweeney (3. april 2020).«How Venezuelan food is slowly finding its way to the UK».The Independent.Henta 11. oktober 2020.
  310. ↑Amy Scherzer (July 28, 2016).«What the heck is an arepa?».Tampa Bay Times.Henta 11. oktober 2020.
  311. ↑«Pho: national dish, international obsession».Vietnews Online. 14. februar 2010. Arkivert fråoriginalen1. mars 2010.Henta7 July2010.
  312. ↑Pumza Fihlani (17. september 2019).«Why Africa should 'stop eating one of its favourite foods'».BBC.Henta 28. august 2020.
  313. ↑Bob Gibbons, Siân Pritchard-Jones (2. mai 2014).Africa Overland.Bradt Travel Guides. s. 177.ISBN978-184-162-494-5.Henta 28. august 2020.
  314. ↑Helena Szymanderska. Polska wigilia. 2000
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