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A139748
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a(n) = Sum_{ k >= 0} binomial(n,5*k+3).
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13
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0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 10, 20, 35, 57, 93, 165, 330, 715, 1574, 3381, 6995, 13990, 27370, 53143, 103702, 204820, 409640, 826045, 1669801, 3368259, 6765175, 13530350, 26985675, 53774932, 107232053, 214146295, 428292590, 857417220, 1717012749, 3437550076
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OFFSET
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0,5
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COMMENTS
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where M = a 5 X 5 matrix [1,1,0,0,0; 0,1,1,0,0; 0,0,1,1,0; 0,0,0,1,1; 1,0,0,0,1].
Sum of terms = 2^n. Example: M^6 * [1,0,0,0,0] = [7, 15, 20, 15, 7]; sum = 64. (End)
{A139398,A133476,A139714,A139748,A139761} is the difference analog of the hyperbolic functions of order 5, {h_1(x), h_2(x), h_3(x), h_4(x), h_5 (x)}. For a definition see [Erdelyi] and the Shevelev link. -Vladimir Shevelev,Jun 28 2017
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REFERENCES
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A. Erdelyi, Higher Transcendental Functions, McGraw-Hill, 1955, Vol. 3, Chapter XVIII.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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G.f.: x^3*(x-1)/((2*x-1)*(x^4-2*x^3+4*x^2-3*x+1)). - Maksym Voznyy (voznyy(AT)mail.ru), Aug 12 2009
a(n) = round((2/5)*(2^(n-1) + phi^n*cos(Pi*(n-6)/5))), where phi is the golden ratio and round(x) is the integer nearest to x. -Vladimir Shevelev,Jun 28 2017
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MAPLE
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a:= n-> (Matrix(5, (i, j)-> `if`((j-i) mod 5 in [0, 1], 1, 0))^n)[3, 1]:
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MATHEMATICA
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CoefficientList[Series[x^3 (x - 1)/((2 x - 1) (x^4 - 2 x^3 + 4 x^2 - 3 x + 1)), {x, 0, 50}], x] (*Vincenzo Librandi,Dec 21 2015 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) a(n) = sum(k=0, n\5, binomial(n, 5*k+3)); \\Michel Marcus,Dec 21 2015
(PARI) x='x+O('x^100); concat([0, 0, 0], Vec(x^3*(x-1)/((2*x-1)*(x^4-2*x^3+4*x^2-3*x+1)))) \\Altug Alkan,Dec 21 2015
(Magma) I:=[0, 0, 0, 1, 4]; [n le 5 select I[n] else 5*Self(n-1)- 10*Self(n-2)+10*Self(n-3)-5*Self(n-4)+2*Self(n-5): n in [1..40]]; //Vincenzo Librandi,Dec 21 2015
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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