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A228039 Thue-Morse sequence along the squares:A010060(n^2). 4
0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET
0
COMMENTS
(Adapted from Drmota, Mauduit, and Rivat) The Thue-Morse sequence T(n) is a 0-1-sequence that can be defined by T(n) = s2(n) mod 2, where s2(n) denotes the binary sum-of-digits function of n (that is, the number of powers of 2). By definition it is clear that 0 and 1 appear with the same asymptotic frequency 1/2. However, there is no consecutive block of the form 000 or 111, so that the Thue-Morse sequence is not normal. (A 0-1-sequence is normal if every finite 0-1-block appears with the asymptotic frequency 1/2^k, where k denotes the length of the block.) Mauduit and Rivat (2009) showed that the subsequence T(n^2) also has the property that both 0 and 1 appear with the same asymptotic frequency 1/2. This solved a long-standing conjecture by Gelfond (1967/1968). Drmota, Mauduit, and Rivat (2013) proved that the subsequence T(n^2) is actually normal.
LINKS
M. Drmota, C. Mauduit, and J. Rivat,The Thue-Morse Sequence Along The Squares is Normal,Abstract, ÖMG-DMV Congress, 2013.
C. Mauduit and J. Rivat,La somme des chiffres des carrés,Acta Mathem. 203 (1) (2009) 107-148.
Wikipedia,Normal number
Lukas Spiegelhofer,Thue-Morse along the sequence of cubes,arXiv:2308.09498 [math.NT], 2023.
FORMULA
a(n) =A010060(n^2) =A010060(A000290(n)).
MATHEMATICA
a[n_]:= If[ n == 0, 0, If[ Mod[n, 2] == 0, a[n/2], 1 - a[(n - 1)/2]]]; Table[ a[n^2], {n, 0, 104}]
(* Second program: *)
ThueMorse[Range[0, 104]^2] (*Michael De Vlieger,Dec 22 2017 *)
PROG
(PARI) a(n)=hammingweight(n^2)%2 \\Charles R Greathouse IV,May 08 2016
(Python)
defA228039(n): return (n**2).bit_count()&1 #Chai Wah Wu,Aug 22 2023
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Jonathan Sondow,Sep 02 2013
STATUS
approved

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Last modified September 15 18:36 EDT 2024. Contains 375954 sequences. (Running on oeis4.)