Cronologia das invenções

cronologia

Esta é umacronologiadasinvenções,de particular importância e significante tecnologia e de pessoas que as inventaram.

Nota:Algumas datas apresentadas aqui tem controvérsias de suas invenções. Pois algumas foram criadas ao mesmo tempo por inventores em diferentes partes do mundo ou eram invenções impraticáveis até que outro inventor as aperfeiçoou para uma forma mais funcional. Devido a esta ambiguidade as datas de algumas invenções apresentadas aqui são as da forma mais funcional da invenção.

Primeiras invenções

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As datas apresentadas aqui são de evidências conhecidas das invenções, por tanto são datas aproximadas. Os locais apresentados são onde as evidencias das invenções foram encontradas, mas em muitos casos não há certeza de que a invenção tenha origem no local onde foi localizada.

Ferramentas de pedrado períodoPaleolítico.
Uma flauta pré-histórica encontrada naEslovênia.
Residência desterrada no sítio arqueológico de Tell es-Sultan emJericó.
Tábua com Escrita Cuneiforme do Reino de Amar-Suena/Amar-Sin datado de 2041 ou 2040a.C..

Nota:A seguir no texto foram substituídos as abreviaturasMa(Milhões de anos) eMil a.a.(Mil anos atrás) paraa.C.(antes de Cristo) ed.C.(depois de Cristo) – sendo 8000 a.C. o mesmo que 10 Mil a.a..

Espada do tipo Apa feita naIdade do Bronze,Século XVII a.C.
Reconstrução de umaBestadaGrécia Antigachamada deGastraphetes.
  • Século II a.C.: Invenção doPapeldurante aDinastia Hanna China: Invenção atribuída ao eunuco da corteCai Lun(n. c. 50–121 d.C.), o mais antigo exemplar de polpa de fazer papel vem de um mapa do sítio arqueológico deFangmatanemGansu.[84]
A mais antigaponte em arcoainda em uso aPonte de Arcádicodatada de 1300–1190 a.C.
Uma réplica doSismógrafodeZhang Heng.
Miniatura do século XV de um barco a velas com roda de pás romano com tração animal, visto por volta do século IV, reprodução deDe rebus bellicis.
Uma Porcelana datada da metade doséculo XdaDinastia Songna China.
Jarro de Pólvora negra usada para carregamento de armas de fogo como osmosquetes,emMoscouRússia.
  • Século X: Invenção daLança de fogodurante aDinastia Song,no início era um tubo de bambu e mais tarde de metal que disparava uma bola de pólvora que produzia fogo e estilhaços, foi descrito pela primeira vez em uma pintura encontrada no sítio deDunhuang[143]A lança é a primeiraarma de fogoda história e também a primeira arma a usar pólvora.[144][145]
    • Invenção dosFogos de artifíciodurante a Dinastia Song (960–1279) na China, no início da idade da pólvora. Eram vendidos em mercados, e feitos de varas de bambu com a pólvora inserida dentro.[146]
    • Invenção deDoca secadurante a Dinastia Song na China.[147]
UmCanhão de mãosendo disparado em manuscrito de1405.
Prensa de tipos móveisde1811.
Uma Lançadeira com bobina.
O veículo a vapor de Cugnot.
Uma debulhadora de1881.

.

Funcionamento de umMotor Stirling.
Umferrolhode uma carabinaMannlincher.
O Bate-estacas a vapor deJames Nasmyth.
Diagrama do Fuzil de repetição criado porWalter Hunt.
Demonstração do freio de segurança de elevadores porElisha Graves Otis.
Caixa de bananas deDinamiteNobel-Bozel (1957-1984).
OFonógrafodeThomas Edison.
OCinematógrafodos Lumière de1895.
AVálvula de Fleming.
O Wright Flyer de1903.
Propaganda de jornal do primeiroBarbeador elétricooSchick 20.
O MíssilV-2usado durante asegunda Guerra MundialpelaAlemanha Nazistapara atacar oReino Unido.É considerado o primeiromíssil balísticodo mundo.
Turbina a vapor e gerador doBORAX III,reator nucleardo experimento para geração deenergia nuclearemIdaho.
OAltair 8800que popularizou o uso doscomputadores pessoais.
  • 2000d.C.: Os computadores pessoais ultrapassam a velocidade de processamento de 1 GHz.[217]
  • 2001d.C.: Invenção doSegway PTum revolucionário transportador pessoal de duas rodas, porDean Kamen.
    • Inventado o coração totalmente artificialAbioCor.[218]
    • Lançado oiPodtocador de música revolucionário que tinha capacidade de 1Gigabytede armazenamento de dados, criado pelaApple.[219]
ASpaceShipOneprimeira aeronave a realizar oturismo espacial.

Ver também

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OCommonspossui umacategoriacom imagens e outros ficheiros sobreCronologia das invenções

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