Bernard Williams
Este artigonão citafontes confiáveis. (Agosto de 2019) |
Bernard Williams | |
---|---|
Nascimento | 21 de setembro de 1929 Westcliff-on-Sea |
Morte | 10 de junho de 2003 (73 anos) Roma |
Cidadania | Reino Unido |
Cônjuge | Shirley C. Williams, Patricia Law |
Filho(a)(s) | Jacob Williams, Jonathan Williams, Rebecca Williams |
Alma mater |
|
Ocupação | filósofo,professor universitário |
Prêmios |
|
Empregador(a) | University College London,Universidade da Califórnia em Berkeley |
Movimento estético | filosofia ocidental |
Causa da morte | mieloma múltiplo |
Bernard Arthur Owen Williams(21 de setembrode1929—10 de junhode2003) foi umfilósofomoralistainglês.
Vida pessoal e carreira
[editar|editar código-fonte]Nasceu emEssex,estudou noBalliol College de Oxford,e foi membro do corpo docente do All Souls e do New College. Foi professor de filosofia emCambridgeentre 1967 e 1979 e reitor doKing's College de Cambridgeentre 1979 e 1987, altura em que aceitou uma cadeira emBerkeley,regressando em 1990 à cadeira defilosofia moralem Oxford.
É conhecido por defender uma posição subtilmente relativista em filosofia moral, rejeitando as promessasaristotélicasekantianassegundo as quais a virtude resulta do exercício das propensões racionais da mente. Também rejeita as teoriasexpressivistaseprojectivistas,argumentando que se, pelo contrário, a ética se basear apenas em sensações e paixões contingentes não pode ser o que parece. O seu argumento de que a ética kantiana e outilitarismopõem uma tónica não natural nos interesses puramente impessoais, ignorando os projectos pessoais que necessariamente ocupam o horizonte próximo das vidas práticas das pessoas, tem sido bastante influente.
Obras publicadas
[editar|editar código-fonte]Livros
[editar|editar código-fonte]- (com Alan Montefiore, eds.)British Analytical Philosophy,Londres: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966.
- Morality: An Introduction to Ethics,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972.
- Problems of the Self,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
- (com J. J. C. Smart)Utilitarianism: For and Against,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
- Descartes: The Project of Pure Enquiry,Londres: Pelican Books, 1978.
- Moral Luck: Philosophical Papers 1973-1980,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
- (com Amartya Sen)Utilitarianism and Beyond,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
- Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy,Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985.
- Shame and Necessity,Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
- Making Sense of Humanity,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
- The Great Philosophers: Plato,Abingdon: Routledge, 1998.
- Truth and Truthfulness: An Essay in Genealogy,Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.
Publicado postumamente
[editar|editar código-fonte]- In the Beginning was the Deed: Realism and Moralism in Political Argument,ed. Geoffrey Hawthorn, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005.
- The Sense of the Past: Essays in the Philosophy Of History,ed. Myles Burnyeat, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006.
- Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline,ed. A. W. Moore, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006.
- On Opera,ed. Patricia Williams, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.
- Essays and Reviews: 1959–2002,Princeton: Princeton University Press 2014.
Artigos
[editar|editar código-fonte]- "Morality and the emotions," in Bernard Williams,Problems of the Self,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973, 207–229, first delivered in 1965 as Williams's inaugural lecture at Bedford College, London.
- "The Makropulos Case: Reflections on the tedium of immortality", in Bernard Williams,Problems of the Self,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
- "Pagan Justice and Christian Love,"Apeiron26(3–4), December 1993, 195–207.
- "Cratylus's Theory of Names and Its Refutation," in Stephen Everson (ed.),Language,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
- "The Actus Reus of Dr. Caligari",Pennsylvania Law Review142, May 1994, 1661–1673.
- "Descartes and the Historiography of Philosophy," in John Cottingham (ed.),Reason, Will and Sensation: Studies in Descartes's Metaphysics,Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
- "Acting as the Virtuous Person Acts," in Robert Heinaman (ed.),Aristotle and Moral Realism,Westview Press, 1995.
- "Ethics," in A. C. Grayling (ed.),Philosophy: A Guide Through the Subject,Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
- "Identity and Identities," in Henry Harris (ed.),Identity: Essays Based on Herbert Spencer Lectures Given in the University of Oxford,Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
- "Truth in Ethics,"Ratio,8(3), December 1995, 227–236.
- "On Hating and Despising Philosophy",London Review of Books,18(8), 18 April 1996, 17–18 (courtesy link).
- "Contemporary Philosophy: A Second Look," in N. F. Bunnin (ed.),The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy,Blackwell, 1996.
- "History, Morality, and the Test of Reflection," in Onora O'Neill (ed.),The Sources of Normativity,Cambridge University Press, 1996.
- "Reasons, Values and the Theory of Persuasion," in Francesco Farina, Frank Hahn and Stafano Vannucci (eds.),Ethics, Rationality and Economic Behavior,Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
- "The Politics of Trust," in Patricia Yeager (ed.),The Geography of Identity,Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996.
- "The Women of Trachis: Fictions, Pessimism, Ethics," in R. B. Louden and P. Schollmeier (eds.),The Greeks and Us,Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1996.
- "Toleration: An Impossible Virtue?" in David Heyd (ed.),Toleration: An Exclusive Virtue,Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.
- "Truth, Politics and Self-Deception,"Social Research63.3, Fall 1996.
- "Moral Responsibility and Political Freedom,"Cambridge Law Journal56, 1997.
- "Stoic Philosophy and the Emotions: Reply to Richard Sorabji," in R. Sorabji (ed.),Aristotle and After,Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies,Supplement 68, 1997.
- "Tolerating the Intolerable," in Susan Mendus (ed.),The Politics of Toleration,Edinburgh University Press, 1999.
- "Philosophy As a Humanistic Discipline,"Philosophy75, October 2000, 477–496.
- "Understanding Homer: Literature, History and Ideal Anthropology," in Neil Roughley (ed.),Being Humans: Anthropological Universality and Particularity in Transdisciplinary Perspectives,Walter de Gruyter, 2000.
- "Why Philosophy Needs History",London Review of Books,24(20), 17 October 2002 (courtesy link).
Ligações Externas
[editar|editar código-fonte]