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Horace Crane

Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.

Horace Richard Crane
Nascimento	4 de novembrode1907 Turlock
Morte	19 de abrilde2007(99 anos) Ann Arbor
Nacionalidade	estadunidense
Prêmios	Prêmio Davisson–Germer (1967),Medalha Nacional de Ciências (1986)
Campo(s)	física

Horace Richard Crane(Turlock,4 de novembrode1907—Ann Arbor,19 de abrilde2007) foi umfísico estadunidense.^[1]

Referências

↑«University of Michigan;Obituary;H. Richard Crane».Consultado em 25 de janeiro de 2012.Cópia arquivada em 19 de julho de 2012

Ligações externas

[editar|editar código-fonte]

Medalha Nacional de Ciências

Ciência do Comportamento e Social

Década de 1960	1964:Neal Elgar Miller
Década de 1980	1986:Herbert Simon·1987:Anne AnastasieGeorge Joseph Stigler·1988:Milton Friedman
Década de 1990	1990:Leonid HurwiczePatrick Suppes·1991:George A. Miller·1992:Eleanor J. Gibson·1994:Robert Merton·1995:Roger Shepard·1996:Paul Samuelson·1997:William Estes·1998:William Julius Wilson·1999:Robert Solow
Década de 2000	2000:Gary Becker·2003:R. Duncan Luce·2004:Kenneth Arrow·2005:Gordon Bower·2008:Michael Posner·2009:Mortimer Mishkin
Década de 2010	2011:Anne Treisman·2012:Robert Axelrod·2014:Albert Bandura

Ciências Biológicas

Década de 1960	1963:Cornelis Bernardus van Niel·1964:Theodosius DobzhanskyeMarshall Nirenberg·1965:Francis Rous,George Gaylord SimpsoneDonald Van Slyke·1966:Edward Fred Knipling,Fritz Albert Lipmann,William Cumming RoseeSewall Wright·1967:Kenneth Cole,Harry Harlow,Michael HeidelbergereAlfred Sturtevant·1968:Horace Barker,Bernard Brodie,Detlev Bronk,Jay Laurence LusheB. F. Skinner·1969:Robert Hübner,Ernst Mayr
Década de 1970	1970:Barbara McClintockeAlbert Sabin·1973:Daniel ArnoneEarl Sutherland·1974:Britton Chance,Erwin Chargaff,James NeeleJames Hannon·1975:Hallowell Davis,Paul Gyorgy,Sterling HendrickseOrville Vogel·1976:Roger Guillemin,Keith Roberts Porter,Efraim RackereEdward Osborne Wilson·1979:Robert H. Burris,Elizabeth C. Crosby,Arthur Kornberg,Severo Ochoa,Earl Stadtman,George Ledyard StebbinsePaul Weiss
Década de 1980	1981:Philip Handler·1982:Seymour Benzer,Glenn BurtoneMildred Cohn·1983:Howard Bachrach,Paul Berg,Wendell Lee RoelofseBerta Scharrer·1986:Stanley Cohen,Donald Henderson,Vernon Mountcastle,George PaladeeJoan A. Steitz·1987:Michael DeBakey,Theodor Otto Diener,Harry Eagle,Har KhoranaeRita Levi-Montalcini·1988:Michael Stuart Brown,Stanley Norman Cohen,Joseph Goldstein,Maurice Hilleman,Eric KandeleRosalyn Yalow·1989:Katherine Esau,Viktor Hamburger,Philip Leder,Joshua Lederberg,Roger SperryeHarland Goff Wood
Década de 1990	1990:Baruj Benacerraf,Herbert Boyer,Daniel Koshland,Edward Lewis,David NathaneEdward Donnall Thomas·1991:Mary Ellen Avery,George Evelyn Hutchinson,Elvin Kabat,Robert Kates,Salvador Luria,Paul Marks,Folke SkoogePaul Zamecnik·1992:Maxine SingereHoward Martin Temin·1993:Daniel NathanseSalome G. Waelsch·1994:Thomas EisnereElizabeth Neufeld·1995:Alexander Rich·1996:Ruth Patrick·1997:James WatsoneRobert Allan Weinberg·1998:Bruce AmeseJanet Rowley·1999:David Baltimore,Jared DiamondeLynn Margulis
Década de 2000	2000:Nancy Coover Andreasen,Peter H. RaveneCarl Woese·2001:Francisco José Ayala,George Bass,Mario Capecchi,Ann Graybiel,Gene Likens,Victor A. McKusickeHarold Varmus·2002:James E. DarnelleEvelyn M. Witkin·2003:John Michael Bishop,Solomon Halbert SnydereCharles Yanofsky·2004:Norman Borlaug,Phillip Allen SharpeThomas Starzl·2005:Anthony FaucieTorsten Wiesel·2006:Rita Colwell,Nina FedoroffeLubert Stryer·2007:Robert LefkowitzeBert William O’Malley·2008:Francis Collins,Elaine Fuchs,Craig Venter·2009:Susan Lindquist,Stanley Prusiner
Década de 2010	2010:Ralph Lawrence Brinster,Rudolf Jaenisch·2011:Lucy Shapiro,Leroy Hood,Sallie Chisholm·2012:May Berenbaum,Bruce Alberts·2013:Rakesh Jain·2014:Stanley Falkow,Mary-Claire King,Simon Levin

Química

Década de 1960	1964:Roger Adams
Década de 1980	1982:Frank Albert CottoneGilbert Stork·1983:Roald Hoffmann,George Claude PimenteleRichard Zare·1986:Harry Barkus Gray,Yuan Lee,Carl Shipp MarveleFrank Westheimer·1987:William Summer Johnson,Walter Hugo StockmayereMax Tishler·1988:William Oliver Baker,Konrad BlocheElias James Corey·1989:Richard Barry Bernstein,Melvin Calvin,Rudolph Arthur MarcuseHarden McConnell
Década de 1990	1990:Elkan Blout,Karl August FolkerseJohn Dombrowski Roberts·1991:Ronald Breslow,Gertrude Elion,Dudley Robert HerschbacheGlenn Theodore Seaborg·1992:Howard Ensign Simmons·1993:Donald James CrameNorman Hackerman·1994:George Simms Hammond·1995:Thomas CecheIsabella Karle·1996:Norman Davidson·1997:Darleane HoffmaneHarold S. Johnston·1998:John Werner CahneGeorge Whitesides·1999:Stuart Alan Rice,John RosseSusan Solomon
Década de 2000	2000:John BaldeschwielereRalph Hirschmann·2001:Ernest Roy DavidsoneGábor Somorjai·2002:John Brauman·2004:Stephen Lippard·2006:Marvin Harry CaruthersePeter Dervan·2007:Mostafa El-Sayed·2008:Joanna FowlereJoAnne Stubbe·2009:Stephen James BenkoviceMarye Anne Fox
Década de 2010	2010:Jacqueline BartonePeter John Stang·2011:Allen Joseph BardeFrederick Hawthorne·2012:Judith Klinman,Jerrold Meinwald·2013:Geraldine Richmond·2014:Paul Alivisatos

Ciências da Engenharia

Década de 1960	1962:Theodore von Kármán·1963:Vannevar BusheJohn Robinson Pierce·1964:Charles Stark Draper·1965:Hugh Latimer Dryden,Clarence JohnsoneWarren Lewis·1966:Claude Shannon·1967:Edwin LandeIgor Sikorsky·1968:John Presper EckerteNathan M. Newmark·1969:Jack Kilby
Década de 1970	1970:George Mueller·1973:Harold Eugene EdgertoneRichard Whitcomb·1974:Rudolf Kompfner,Ralph Brazelton PeckeAbel Wolman·1975:Manson Benedict,William Hayward Pickering,Frederick TermaneWernher von Braun·1976:Morris Cohen,Peter Carl GoldmarkeErwin Wilhelm Müller·1979:Emmett Leith,Raymond Mindlin,Robert Noyce,Earl Randall ParkereSimon Ramo
Década de 1980	1982:Edward HeinemanneDonald Katz·1983:Bill Hewlett,George LoweJohn George Trump·1986:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann,Tung-Yen LineBernard Oliver·1987:Robert Byron Bird,Harry Bolton SeedeErnst Weber·1988:Daniel Drucker,Willis HawkinseGeorge W. Housner·1989:Harry George DrickamereHerbert Earl Grier
Década de 1990	1990:Mildred DresselhauseNick Holonyak·1991:George Heilmeier,Luna LeopoldeGuyford Stever·1992:Calvin QuateeJohn Roy Whinnery·1993:Alfred Yi Cho·1994:Ray Clough·1995:Hermann Anton Haus·1996:James FlanaganeChandra Kumar Patel·1998:Eli Ruckenstein·1999:Kenneth N. Stevens
Década de 2000	2000:Yuan-Cheng Fung·2001:Andreas Acrivos·2002:Leo Beranek·2003:John Prausnitz·2004:Edwin Lightfoot·2005:Jan AchenbacheTobin Marks·2006:Robert Langer·2007:David Wineland·2008:Rudolf Kalman·2009:Amnon Yariv
Década de 2010	2010:Shu Chien·2011:John Bannister Goodenough·2014:Thomas Kailath

Ciências Matemáticas, Estatísticas e Computacionais

Década de 1960	1963:Norbert Wiener·1964:Solomon LefschetzeMarston Morse·1965:Oscar Zariski·1966:John Milnor·1967:Paul Cohen·1968:Jerzy Neyman·1969:William Feller
Década de 1970	1970:Richard Brauer·1973:John Tukey·1974:Kurt Gödel·1975:John Backus,Shiing-Shen CherneGeorge Dantzig·1976:Kurt Otto FriedrichseHassler Whitney·1979:Joseph Leo DoobeDonald Knuth
Década de 1980	1982:Marshall Harvey Stone·1983:Herman GoldstineeIsadore Singer·1986:Peter LaxeAntoni Zygmund·1987:Raoul BotteMichael Freedman·1988:Ralph GomoryeJoseph Keller·1989:Samuel Karlin,Saunders Mac LaneeDonald Spencer
Década de 1990	1990:George Carrier,Stephen KleeneeJohn McCarthy·1991:Alberto Calderón·1992:Allen Newell·1993:Martin Kruskal·1994:John Cocke·1995:Louis Nirenberg·1996:Richard KarpeStephen Smale·1997:Shing-Tung Yau·1998:Cathleen Synge Morawetz·1999:Felix BrowdereRonald Coifman
Década de 2000	2000:John Griggs ThompsoneKaren Uhlenbeck·2001:Calyampudi Radhakrishna RaoeElias Stein·2002:James Glimm·2003:Carl de Boor·2004:Dennis Sullivan·2005:Bradley Efron·2006:Hyman Bass·2007:Leonard KleinrockeAndrew Viterbi·2009:David Mumford
Década de 2010	2010:Richard Alfred TapiaeS. R. Srinivasa Varadhan·2011:Solomon Wolf GolombeBarry Mazur·2014:Alexandre Chorin,David Blackwell(póstuma)·2015:Michael Artin

Ciências Físicas

Década de 1960	1963:Luis Walter Alvarez·1964:Julian Schwinger,Harold Clayton UreyeRobert Burns Woodward·1965:John Bardeen,Peter Debye,Leon Max LedermaneWilliam Walden Rubey·1966:Jacob Bjerknes,Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar,Henry Eyring,John Hasbrouck Van VleckeVladimir Zworykin·1967:Jesse Beams,Francis Birch,Gregory Breit·Louis Plack HammetteGeorge Kistiakowsky·1968:Paul Doughty Bartlett,Herbert Friedman,Lars OnsagereEugene Paul Wigner·1969:Herbert Charles BrowneWolfgang Panofsky
Década de 1970	1970:Robert Henry Dicke,Allan Rex Sandage,John Clarke Slater,John Archibald WheelereSaul Winstein·1973:Carl Djerassi,William Maurice Ewing,Arie Jan Haagen-Smit,Vladimir Haensel,Frederick SeitzeRobert Rathbun Wilson·1974:Nicolaas Bloembergen,Paul John Flory,William Alfred Fowler,Linus PaulingeKenneth Sanborn Pitzer·1975:Hans Bethe,Joseph Hirschfelder,Lewis Hastings Sarett,Edgar Bright WilsoneChien-Shiung Wu·1976:Samuel Abraham Goudsmit,Herbert S. Gutowsky,Frederick Rossini,Verner Suomi,Henry TaubeeGeorge Eugene Uhlenbeck·1979:Richard Feynman,Hermann Mark,Edward Mills Purcell,John Sinfelt,Lyman SpitzereVictor Weisskopf
Década de 1980	1982:Philip Warren Anderson,Yoichiro Nambu,Edward TellereCharles Hard Townes·1983:Margaret Burbidge,Maurice Goldhaber,Helmut Landsberg,Walter Munk,Frederick Reines,Bruno RossieJohn Robert Schrieffer·1986:Solomon Buchsbaum,Horace Crane,Herman Feshbach,Robert HofstadtereChen Ning Yang·1987:Philip Abelson,Walter Elsasser,Paul Christian Lauterbur,George PakeeJames Van Allen·1988:David Allan Bromley,Chu Ching-wu,Walter Kohn,Norman Foster Ramsey,Jack Steinberger·1989:Arnold Orville Beckman,Eugene Parker,Robert SharpeHenry Stommel
Década de 1990	1990:Allan Cormack,Edwin Mattison McMillan,Robert PoundeRoger Revelle·1991:Arthur Schawlow,Ed StoneeSteven Weinberg·1992:Eugene Shoemaker·1993:Val Logsdon FitcheVera Rubin·1994:Albert OverhausereFrank Press·1995:Hans Georg DehmeltePeter Goldreich·1996:Wallace Smith Broecker·1997:Marshall Rosenbluth,Martin SchwarzschildeGeorge Wetherill·1998:Don Lorraine AndersoneJohn Norris Bahcall·1999:James Watson CronineLeo Kadanoff
Década de 2000	2000:Willis Eugene Lamb,Jeremiah Paul OstrikereGilbert Fowler White·2001:Marvin Cohen,Raymond Davis Jr.eCharles Keeling·2002:Richard Garwin,William Jason MorganeEdward Witten·2003:Brent Dalrymple,Riccardo Giacconi·2004:Robert N. Clayton·2005:Ralph AlphereLonnie Thompson·2006:Daniel Kleppner·2007:Fay Ajzenberg-SeloveeCharles Pence Slichter·2008:Berni AldereJames Gunn·2009:Yakir Aharonov,Esther Marley ConwelleWarren Washington
Década de 2010	2011:Sidney Drell,Sandra Faber,Sylvester James Gates·2012:Burton Richter,Sean Solomon·2014:Shirley Ann Jackson

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