Caurbon dioxide

Caurbon dioxide
	;
Ball-an-stick model o carbon dioxide	Space-fillin model o carbon dioxide
Names
	Ither names Carbonic acid gas; Carbonic anhydride; Carbonic oxide; Carbon oxide; Carbon(IV) oxide; Dry ice (solid phase)
Identifiers
CAS Nummer	124-38-9;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive eemage; Interactive eemage;
3DMet	B01131
Beilstein Reference	1900390
ChEBI	CHEBI:16526;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1231871;
ChemSpider	274;
EC Nummer	204-696-9
Gmelin Reference	989
KEGG	D00004;
MeSH	Carbon+dioxide
PubChemCID	280;
RTECS nummer	FF6400000
UNII	142M471B3J;
UN nummer	1013
	InChI InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3 Key: CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1/CO2/c2-1-3 Key: CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYAO;
	SMILES O=C=O; C(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	CO2
Molar mass	44.01 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless gas
Odour	Odorless
Density	1562 kg/m3(solid at 1 atm an −78.5 °C); 770 kg/m3(liquid at 56 atm an 20 °C); 1.977 kg/m3(gas at 1 atm an 0 °C)
Meltin pynt	−78.5 °C; −109.2 °F; 194.7 K
Bylin pynt	−56.6 °C; −69.8 °F; 216.6 K
Solubility in watter	1.45 g/L at 25 °C, 100 kPa
Vapour pressur	5.73 MPa (20 °C)
Acidity(pKa)	6.35, 10.33
Refractive index(nD)	1.1120
Viscosity	0.07cPat −78.5 °C
Dipole moment	0 D
Structur
Creestal structur	trigonal
Molecular shape	linear
Thermochemistry
Speceefic heat capacity,C	37.135 J/K mol
Staundart molar; entropySo298	214 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy o; formationΔfHo298	−393.5 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
NFPA 704	0 1 0 SA
Relatit compoonds
Itheranions	Caurbon disulfide; Caurbon diselenide
Ithercations	Silicon dioxide; Germanium dioxide; Tin dioxide; Lead dioxide
	Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thairstaundart state(at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify(whit is?)
	Infobox references

Caurbon dioxide(chemical formulaCO₂) is a naiturally occurrinchemical compoundcomponed o twaoxygen atoms covalently bondedtae a singlecaurbonatom. It is agasatstaundart temperatur an pressuran exists inYird's atmospherein this state, as atrace gasat a concentration o 0.039 per cent bi volume.^[1]

As pairt o thecaurbon cycle,plants,algae,ancyanobacteriauiselicht energytaephotosynthesize carbohydratefrae caurbon dioxide anwatter,wioxygenproduced as a waste product.^[2]Houiver, photosynthesis cannae occur in daurkness an at nicht some caurbon dioxide is produced bi plants durinrespiration.^[3]Caurbon dioxide is produced bicombustiono coal orhydrocaurbons,the fermentation o succars inbeeranwinemakinan bi respiration o aw livin organisms. It is exhaled in the breath o humans an land ainimals. It is emittit fraevolcanoes,het springs,geysersan ither places whaur the yird's crust is thin an is freed fraecaurbonate rocksbidissolution.CO₂is an aa foond in lochs, at depth unner the sea an commingled wi ile an gas deposits.^[4]

The environmental effects o caurbon dioxide are o signeeficant interest. Caurbon dioxide is an importantgreenhoose gas,absorbin heat radiation frae Yird's surface whilk itherwise wad hae left the atmosphere. Atmospheric caurbon dioxide is the primary soorce o caurbon inlifeon Yird an its concentration in Yird's pre-industrial atmosphere syne late in thePrecambrianeon wis regulatit biphotosyntheticorganisms. Burnin o caurbon-based fuels syne the industrial revolution haes rapidly increased concentrations o atmospheric caurbon dioxide, increasin the rate oglobal wairminan causinanthropogenic climate chynge.It is an aa a major soorce oocean acidificationsyne it dissolves in watter tae furmcaurbonic acid,^[5]whilk is aweak acidas its ionization in watter is incomplete.

CO
₂+H
₂O⇌H
₂CO
₃

References

↑National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) – Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), Trends in Carbon DioxideValues gien are dry airmole fractionsexpressed in parts per million (ppm). For anideal gasmixture this is equivalent to parts per million by volume (ppmv).
↑Donald G. Kaufman; Cecilia M. Franz (1996).Biosphere 2000: protecting our global environment.Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co.ISBN 978-0-7872-0460-0.Retrieved11 October2011.
↑Food Factories.www.legacyproject.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-10.
↑"General Properties and Uses of Carbon Dioxide, Good Plant Design and Operation for Onshore Carbon Capture Installations and Onshore Pipelines".Energy Institute. Archived fraethe originalon 26 Juin 2012.Retrieved14 Mairch2012.
↑National Research Council. "Summary." Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010. 1. Print.

Freemit airtins

Internaitional Chemical Safety Caird 0021
PubChem 280
CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide tae Chemical Hazards – Carbon Dioxide
CO₂Carbon Dioxide Properties, Uises, Applications
Dry Ice information Archived2004-04-03 at theWayback Machine
Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide(NOAA)
"A War Gas That Saves Lives."Popular Science,Juin 1942, pp. 53–57.
NASA's Orbitin Carbon Observatory Archived2018-09-09 at theWayback Machine
The on-line catalogue of CO₂naitural emissions in Italy Archived2021-02-13 at theWayback Machine
Reactions, Thermochemistry, Uises, an Function o Carbon Dioxide Archived2021-02-13 at theWayback Machine
Carbon Dioxide – Pairt AneanCarbon Dioxide – Pairt TwaatThe Periodic Table o Videos(Varsity o Nottingham)

[NOAA-1] National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) – Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), Trends in Carbon DioxideValues gien are dry airmole fractionsexpressed in parts per million (ppm). For anideal gasmixture this is equivalent to parts per million by volume (ppmv).

[2] Donald G. Kaufman; Cecilia M. Franz (1996).Biosphere 2000: protecting our global environment.Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co.ISBN 978-0-7872-0460-0.Retrieved11 October2011.

[3] Food Factories.www.legacyproject.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-10.

[4] "General Properties and Uses of Carbon Dioxide, Good Plant Design and Operation for Onshore Carbon Capture Installations and Onshore Pipelines".Energy Institute. Archived fraethe originalon 26 Juin 2012.Retrieved14 Mairch2012.

[5] National Research Council. "Summary." Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010. 1. Print.

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