Glesga

Glesga Scots Gaelic:Glaschu
Clockwise frae tap-left: View ofGlesga Science Centre,Duke o Wellington statue ootsideGallery o Moadern Airt,Ryal Exchange Squerr,ceetyscape view fraeThe Lighthouse,Gilbert Scott Biggin oVarsity o Glesga,Finnieston Crane,Glesga Ceety Chambers
Glasgow Coat o Airms
Glesga Location withinScotland
Area	175.5 km2(67.8 sq mi)
Population	596,550 (2013)
•Density	8,541.8/sq mi (3,298.0/km2)
Urban	1,750,000
Metro[citation needit]	Est. 2,850,000
Leid	Inglis,Scots,Scots Gaelic
OS grid reference	NS590655
•Edinburgh	49 mi (79 km)
•Lunnon	352 mi (566 km)
Kintra	Scotland
Sovereign state	Unitit Kinrick
Post toun	GLASGOW
Postcode destrict	G1–G80
Diallin code	0141
Police	Scots
Fire	Scots
Ambulance	Scots
EU Pairlament	Scotland
Wabsteid	www.glasgow.gov.uk

Glesga(Inglis:Glasgow;Scots Gaelic:Glaschu) isScotland's lairgest ceetie an the third lairgest ceetie o theUnitit Kinrick.It is fund on theRiver Clydein the wast-mids o Scotland. Fowk in the wast o Scotland ken it as Glesga orGlescaan folk fae the east maistly caw it Glesga orGlasgae.

The ceetie

The Ceetie o Glesga is kent as the caipital o commerce fur Scotland. It's a awfy thrang cosmopolitanEuropeanceetie. It haes a population o 1,700,000 fowk, doun fae its 1960s heichness o 2.1 million, this's maistly doon tae owerskail o fowks intil new touns likEast KirkbrideanCummernaud.

Name o the ceetie

The name o the ceetie comes faeglas cöüin theCumbric leid(an auld Brythonicceltic leid.) The modren name fur the ceetie inGaelicGlaschu,meanin "grein howe" or "dear grein steid" whit haes bein aftin misquotit as a Gaelic owersettin fur the ceetie, but this wis actuallyDaniel Defoe's ootlinin o the ceetie whan he came in e 18th century; he haed quo thit Glesga wis "the cleanest and beautifullest, and best built City in Britain,Londonexcepted"an aw. At that time, the ceetie wis biggit wi gey attractive, compact widden biggins, nane o thaim ur staundin, still. Glesga is the thrid maist faur ben tourist destination in the UK ahintLunnonanEdinburghan it haes Britain's seicont lairgest shoppin centre.

Coat o airms

Thecoat o airmsshaws Glesga'spatron saunt,Saunt Kentigern, kent asSaunt Mungoforby, an it his fower emblems - a bird, a tree, a bull, an a fish. The emblems representsmiraclesSaunt Mungo is said tae hae performt. The motto o the ceetie is"Let Glasgow Flourish"an this is pairt o the airms. The motto comes fae Saunt Mungo's oreiginal sermon:"Let Glasgow flourish by the preaching of the word and the praising of thy name".The oríginal version is written on a bell shapit in 1637 thit says "Lord let Glasgow flovrichse throvgh the preaching of thy word and praising thy name".

Local bairns is taucht tae mynd the airms uisin the follaein verse:

Here's the bird that never flew
Here's the tree that never grew
Here's the bell that never rang
Here's the fish that never swam

The motto wis o shortsyne mynt in a sang caw'd "Mother Glasgow" biMichael Marra,an forby recordit biHue and Cry,a faur benmuisic curno Glesga orígin.

History

Foondin o the ceetie

Glesga wis the steid o monie communities fur hunners o years afore Christ, wi theRiver Clydeprovidin a guid settin fur fishin. TheRomansaftentimes bug ootposts in ða airt an, tae haud RomanBritanniaapairt fae theCelticanPechtCaledonia,bug theAntonine Waw,thit can be seen in Glesga the day.

Glesga itsel wis foondit bi theChristianmeesionarSaunt Mungo in the 6t century. He foondit a kirk on theMolendinar Burn,whaur theGlasgow Cathedralnou staunds, an in the eftergangin years Glesga becam a releegious centre.

Glesga Cathedral

Bi the 12t century Glesga haed been gien the staundin o whit can nou be cawed a ceetie an the cathedral wis the saite o theBishops an Archbishops o Glesga.While thare micht hae been widden biggins on the site, the first stane cathedral wis consecrate in aboot 1136 an gotten rid o fur a muckler ane that wis consecrate in 1197. Ootjets an alterins tae the cathedral biggins haes gaen on sin syne. The maist recent addition is the Millenium Windae unveiled on 3 Juin 1999 biPrincess Anne.

Varsitie o Glesga

In 1451, theVarsitie o Glesgawis foondit bipapal bullan estaiblisht in relígious biggins in the precincts o Glesga Cathedral. Bi the stairt o the 16t century, Glesga haed turnt intae an important relígious an academic ceetie an bi the 17t century the varsitie haed flittit fae the cathedral precincts til its ain biggin in the Hie Street.

Industrie an the Industrial Revolution

Bi the 16t yearhunner, the ceety's treds begoud tae wald signíficant influence an the ceetie haed turnt intae an important centre o troke wi the Clyde giein access tae the ceetie an the lave o Scotland fur merchand shippin. The ingate intil the Atlantic Ocean alloued the inbringin o Americantobaccaan Caribbeansuccar,thit wis than tredit athort the Brítish Isles an continental Europe.

The de-siltin o the Clyde in the 1770s alloued lairger ships tae muive faurer up the river, thus layin the foonds fur industrie an shipbiggin in Glesga in the 19t yearhunner.

The rowth ocoalanironinLanrickshireled tae Glesga becomin an industrial ceetie — in the hinder end cawed "TheSeicont ceetieo the Empire ".Cottonfactories an textile mills made employers o monie fowk in Glesga an the local airt.

Troke alloued muckle walth tae be generatit fur some fowk in the ceetie. The merchands makkit spectacular biggins an monuments thit can be seen the day, still, an reinvestit thair siller in development fur tae help Glesga growe further. In 1893 the burgh wis constitutit as the Coontie o the ceetie o Glesga. Glesga becam ane o the walthiest ceeties in the warld, an pairks, museums an libraries wis aa opened throu this time.

Gleswegian

As weel as bein whit ye caw a bodie fae Glesga,Gleswegian,the Patter,the Auld ScotchanGlesga Scotsis whit fowk caw the byleid (Wast Midland Scots) uised bi monie fowk in the ceetie an thon airt. Modren anglocentrism an puir media pentin o the byleid (e.g. linkin it wineddism) means thit it is leukit at as a shamefu thing yet ye can airt oot no juist a walth o vocabular but the daurk humour fund in wree turns o phrase thit comes fae a profund common experience.

A Gleswegian in fou speed is haurd tae unnerstaun e'en fur thair níbours in Embro. Glesga an thon airt are yin o the least Scots-speakin airts o Scotland, an has tint mony tradítional kenspeckles that's tae be fund in ither Scots byleids the day. As sic, it has come up wi mony new Scots words an saws that marras chenges gauin on in Glesga an Scots society.It is kenspeckle inScots literaturein and outwith Scotland.

Weegieis aslangword for a bodie or thing that hails fae Glesga an aw. It is maistlins uised in the East coast, particularly in Embro. Awtho it is nae aye the case in the East coast it is thocht by maist Gleswegians an fowk frae the wast-coast tae be awfu offensive.

Sport

Fitba

Hampden Pairk

Glesga's main sport is nae doutfitbaas the ceetie is hame tae Scotland's twa maist muckle fitba teams (Rangers Fitba ClubanCeltic Fitba Club) as weel as the Scots Naitional Fitba Team's grund,Hampden Pairk.It is byordinar fur a ceetie thit isnae the caipital tae hae the naitional fitba grund. Thare are wee coars an aw: Queen's Park, thit plays at Hampden Pairk, Partick Thristle, an Clyde.

Rugby

Glesga haes a rugby team an aw (Glesga Warriors) thit play inScotstoun.

Ither sports

Glasgow is ane o five places in Scotland thit hauds the final o the Scots Cup oShinty,kent mair as theCamanachd Cup.This is ordinar haudit at Auld Anniesland. Ance hame tae numerous Shinty clubs, thare is nou anly ane senior club in Glesga, Glesga Mid-Argyll, as weel as twa varsity sides faeVarsity o StrathclydeanVarsity o Glesga.

Glesga pit in abidtae haud the2018 Simmer Youth Olympicsbut lost taeBuenos Airesin the 4 Julie 2013 vote.

Transport

Glesga Unnergrund

A cairt o theGlesga Subway.

Glesgae haes a símple unnergrund sýstem thit coníst o twa lines gaein aroond a single loop wi sindry staps aboot Glesga.

Twin touns an sister ceeties

Glesga istwinnedwi various ceeties.

Nuremberg,Germany,(syne 1985) Rostov-on-Don,Roushie,(syne 1986) Dalian,Cheenae,(syne 1997) Havana,Cuba,(syne 2002)

Turin,Italy,(syne 2003) Marseille,Fraunce,(syne 2006) Lahore,Pakistan,(syne 2006) Bethlehem,West Bank,(syne 2007)