Tonga
Coordinates:20°S175°W/ 20°S 175°W
Kinrick o Tonga Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga | |
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 Coat o airms
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Motto:"Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa" "God an Tonga are ma Inheritance" | |
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| Caipital and largest city | Nukuʻalofa 21°08′S175°12′W/ 21.133°S 175.200°W |
| Offeecial leids | |
| Ethnic groups (2016[1]) |
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| Demonym(s) | Tongan |
| Govrenment | Unitarypairlamentaryconstitutional monarchy |
| Keeng Tupou VI | |
| Siaosi Sovaleni | |
| Fatafehi Fakafanua | |
| Legislatur | Legislative Assembly |
| Unthirldom | |
•fraeBreetishpertection | 4 Juin 1970 |
| Aurie | |
• Total | 748 km2(289 sq mi) (186th) |
• Water (%) | 4.0 |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | 100,209[2](199th) |
• Density | 139/km2(360.0/sq mi) (76tha) |
| GDP(PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $655 million |
• Per capita | $6,496[3] |
| GDP(nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Tot | $493 million |
• Per capita | $4,888[3] |
| Gini(2015) |  37.6[4]medium |
| HDI(2019) |  0.725[5]heich·104t |
| Currency | Paʻanga(TOP) |
| Time zone | UTC+13 |
| DSTnae observed | |
| Drivin side | left |
| Cawin code | +676 |
| ISO 3166 code | TO |
| Internet TLD | .to |
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Tonga,offeeciallyKinrick o Tongais aPolynesiekintra anairchipelagaecomprisin169 islands,o that 36 are inhabitit.[1]The tot surface aurie is aboot 750 square kilometre (290 sq mi) scattered ower 700,000 square kilometre (270,000 sq mi) o the soothren Paceefic Ocean. Thesovereign statehas a population o 100,209 fowk,{{UN Population|re100o that 70% reside on the main island oTongatapu.
Tonga stretches athort approximately 800 kilometre (500 mi) in a north-sooth line. It is surroondit biFijianWallis an Futuna(Fraunce) tae the northwast,Samoatae the northeast,Niuetae the east,Kermadec(pairt o New Zealand) tae the soothwast, anNew Caledon(Fraunce) anVanuatutae the forder wast.
Tonga becam kent in the Wast as the "Freendly Islands" acause o the congenial reception accordit taeCaiptain James Cookon his first vesit in 1773. He arrived at the time o theʻinasifestival, the yearly donation o theFirst Fruitstae theTuʻi Tonga(the islands' paramoont chief) an sae received an invitation tae the festivities. Accordin tae the writerWilliam Mariner,the chiefs wantit tae kill Cook in the gaitherin but coud nae gree on a plan.[6]
Frae 1900 tae 1970, Tonga haed Breetishpertectit statestatus, wi the Unitit Kinrick leukin efter its furrin affairs unner a Treaty o Freendship. The kintra niver relinquished its sovereignty tae any furrin pouer.[7]In 2010, Tonga teuk a decisive path taewart acomin aconstitutional monarchyraither nor a tradeetional absolute kinrick, efter legislative reforms passed a coorse for the first pairtialrepresentative elections.
References[eedit|eedit soorce]
- ↑ab"The World Factbook: Tonga: Geography".Archived fraethe originalon 31 December 2018.Retrieved9 Mairch2016.
- ↑"Tonga's population drops to 100,209".Matangi Tonga. 24 December 2021. Archived fraethe originalon 28 December 2021.Retrieved24 December2021.
- ↑ab"Report for Selected Countries and Subjects".imf.org.Retrieved8 Apryle2020.
- ↑"Gini Index coefficient".CIA World Factbook.Retrieved16 Julie2021.
- ↑Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene(PDF).United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346.ISBN978-92-1-126442-5.Retrieved28 December2021.
- ↑Mariner, WilliamandMartin,John (1817).An account of the natives of the Tonga islands in the south Pacific Ocean: With an original grammar and vocabulary of their language. Compiled and arranged from the extensive communications of Mr. William Mariner, several years' resident in those islands,Volume 2,pp. 64–65.Retrieved 3 November 2010.
- ↑Tonga: HistoryArchived2014-02-23 at theWayback Machine.The Commonwealth.
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