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Tunisie

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Republic o Tunisie
الجمهورية التونسية(Arabic)
al-Jumhūrīyah at-Tūnisīyah

Motto:حرية، ، عدالة، نظام
"Ḥurrīyah, 'Adālah, Niẓām"
"Liberty, Justice, Order"[1]
Anthem:حماة الحمى
Humat al-Hima
Defenders o the Hameland
Location o  Tunisie  (dark blue) – in Africa  (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union  (light blue)
Location oTunisie(dark blue)

– inAfrica(light blue & dark grey)
– in theAfrican Union(light blue)

Location o Tunisie
Caipital
and largest city
Tunis
36°50′N10°9′E/ 36.833°N 10.150°E/36.833; 10.150
Offeecial leidsArabic[2]
Spoken leids
Inglis(commercial an edidcational)
Ethnic groups
Releegion
Islam
Demonym(s)Tunisie
GovrenmentUnitarsemi-presidentialrepublic[9][10]
Kais Saied
Najla Bouden Romdhane
LegislaturAssembly o the Representatives o the Fowk
Formation
•Husainid Dynastyinauguratit
15 Julie 1705
• Independence fraeFraunce
20 Mairch 1956
25 Julie 1957
14 Januar 2011
Aurie
• Total
163,610 km2(63,170 sq mi) (93rd)
• Water (%)
5.0
Population
• 2014 estimate
10,982,754[11](79t)
• Density
63/km2(163.2/sq mi) (133rd)
GDP(PPP)2016 estimate
• Total
$130.831 billion[12]
• Per capita
$11,656[12]
GDP(nominal)2016 estimate
• Tot
$42.388 billion[12]
• Per capita
$3,776[12]
Gini(2010)36.1[13]
medium
HDI(2016)Increase0.725[14]
heich·97th
CurrencyTunisie dinar(TND)
Time zoneUTC+1(CET)
Drivin sidericht
Cawin code+216
ISO 3166 codeTN
Internet TLD

Tunisie,offeecially theTunisian Republic(الجمهورية التونسية‎ al-Jumhūriyya at-Tūnisiyya), is the northrenmaist kintra inAfricae.It is an Arab kintra an is bordered biAlgerietae the wast,Libietae the sootheast, an theMediterranean Seatae the north an east. Its aurie is amaist 165,000 km², wi an estimatit population o juist ower 10.3 million. Its name is derived frae the caipitalTunislocatit in the north-east.

Name[eedit|eedit soorce]

Main airticle: [[:Etymology o Tunis]]

The wirdTunisieis derived fraeTunis;a ceety an caipital o modren-day Tunisie. The present form o the name, wi its Latinate suffix-ia,evolved frae FrenchTunisie.This name wis introduced bi French geographers an historians as pairt o thair efforts tae gie names tae thair new occupied territories an protectorates. The French derivativeTunisiewis adoptit in some European leids wi slicht modifications, introducin a distinctive name tae designate the kintra. Ither leids remained untouched, sic as theSpaingieTúnez.In this case, the same name is uised for baith kintra an ceety as inArabic:تونس an ae bi context can ane tell the difference.[16]

The nameTuniscan be attributit tae different oreegins. It can be associatit wi the Phoenician goddessTanith (aka Tunit),auncient ceety oTynesor tae the Berber ruitenswhich means "tae lie doun".

Govrenorates an ceeties[eedit|eedit soorce]

Govrenorates[eedit|eedit soorce]

Govrenorates o Tunisie
Main airticles:Govrenorates o TunisieanDelegations o Tunisie

Tunisia is subdividit intae 24govrenorates,thay are:

  1. Ariana
  2. Béja
  3. Ben Arous
  4. Bizerte
  5. Gabès
  6. Gafsa
  7. Jendouba
  8. Kairouan
  9. Kasserine
  10. Kebili
  11. Kef
  12. Mahdia
  1. Manouba
  2. Medenine
  3. Monastir
  4. Nabeul
  5. Sfax
  6. Sidi Bou Zid
  7. Siliana
  8. Sousse
  9. Tataouine
  10. Tozeur
  11. Tunis
  12. Zaghouan

The govrenorates are dividit intae 264 "delegations"or"destricts"(mutamadiyat), an further subdividit intaemunicipalities(shaykhats)[17]an sectors (imadats).[18]

Major ceeties[eedit|eedit soorce]

:See an aa:Leet o ceeties in Tunisie

Nr. Ceety Population Governatorate
1
 Tunis
983,861[19]
 Tunis
2
 Sfax
855,256 [20]
 Sfax
3
 Kairouan
546,209 [21]
 Kairouan
4
 Sousse
544,413 [22]
 Sousse
5
 Ettadhamen[23]
422,246 [24]
 Ariana
6
 Gabès
342,630
 Gabès
7
 Bizerte
114,371
 Bizerte
8
 Aryanah[23]
97,687
 Ariana
9
 Gafsa
84,676
 Gafsa
10
 El Mourouj[23]
81,986
 Ben Arous

Affiliations[eedit|eedit soorce]

Tunisie is a member o the follaein organisations:

Organization Dates
Unitit Naitions syne 12 November 1956
Arab League syne 1958
Organization o the Islamic Conference syne 1969
Warld Tred Organisation syne 29 Mairch 1995
Mediterranean Dialogue group syne Februar 1995

Notes[eedit|eedit soorce]

  1. ↑"Tunisia Constitution, Article 4"(PDF).26 Januar 2014. Archived fraethe original(PDF)on 9 Februar 2014.Retrieved10 Februar2014.
  2. ↑"Tunisian Constitution, Article 1"(PDF).26 Januar 2014. Archived fraethe original(PDF)on 9 Februar 2014.Retrieved10 Februar2014.Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (help)Archived2014-02-09 at theWayback MachineTranslation by the University of Bern: "Tunisia is a free State, independent and sovereign; its religion is the Islam, its language is Arabic, and its form is the Republic."
  3. ↑Arabic, Tunisian Spoken.Ethnologue (19 February 1999). Retrieved on 5 September 2015.
  4. ↑"Tamazight language".Encyclopædia Britannica.Archived fraethe originalon 4 Januar 2021.Retrieved21 Apryle2017.
  5. ↑"Nawaat – Interview avec l' Association Tunisienne de Culture Amazighe".Nawaat.
  6. ↑"An outline of the Shilha (Berber) vernacular of Douiret (Southern Tunisia)".
  7. ↑"Tunisian Amazigh and the Fight for Recognition – Tunisialive".Tunisialive.Archived fraethe originalon 25 December 2018.Retrieved21 Apryle2017.
  8. ↑abc"Tunisia".CIA World Factbook.Archivedfrae the original on 16 October 2012.Retrieved15 October2012.
  9. ↑Frosini, Justin; Biagi, Francesco (2014).Political and Constitutional Transitions in North Africa: Actors and Factors.Routledge. p. 4.ISBN9781317597452.
  10. ↑Choudhry, Sujit; Stacey, Richard (2014)"Semi-presidential government in Tunisia and Egypt"Archived2016-02-02 at theWayback Machine.International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  11. ↑"National Institute of Statistics-Tunisia".National Institute of Statistics-Tunisia. 12 September 2014. Archived fraethe originalon 4 September 2015.Retrieved12 September2014.
  12. ↑abcd"Tunisia".International Monetary Fund.
  13. ↑"GINI index".World Bank.Retrieved19 Januar2013.
  14. ↑"2016 Human Development Report"(PDF).United Nations Development Programme. 2016.Retrieved04 April2016.Check date values in:|accessdate=(help)
  15. ↑"Report on the Delegation of تونس".Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. 2010.Retrieved8 November2010.
  16. ↑Room, Adrian (2006).Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites.McFarland. p.385.ISBN0-7864-2248-3.
  17. ↑"Tunisia Governorates".Statoids.Retrieved2 Mey2010.
  18. ↑Portail de l'industrie TunisienneArchived2013-01-06 at theWayback Machine,in French
  19. ↑3,980,500 in the metropolitan aurie
  20. ↑"Mongabay, population of Sfax".Archived fraethe originalon 28 Januar 2011.Retrieved9 October2009.
  21. ↑"Mongabay, population of Kairouan".Archived fraethe originalon 28 Januar 2011.Retrieved9 October2009.
  22. ↑"Mongabay, population of Sousse".Archived fraethe originalon 3 Januar 2011.Retrieved9 October2009.
  23. ↑abcPart of Tunis metropolitan area
  24. ↑"FITA, population of At Tadaman".Archived fraethe originalon 26 December 2010.Retrieved9 October2009.

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