1378
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 13th century–14th century–15th century |
| Decades: | 1340s1350s1360s–1370s–1380s1390s1400s |
| Years: | 137513761377–1378–137913801381 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1378 MCCCLXXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2131 |
| Armenian calendar | 827 ԹՎ ՊԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6128 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1299–1300 |
| Bengali calendar | 785 |
| Berber calendar | 2328 |
| English Regnal year | 1Ric. 2– 2Ric. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1922 |
| Burmese calendar | 740 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6886–6887 |
| Chinese calendar | Đinh tịNiên(FireSnake) 4074 or 4014 — to — Mậu ngọ niên(EarthHorse) 4075 or 4015 |
| Coptic calendar | 1094–1095 |
| Discordian calendar | 2544 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1370–1371 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5138–5139 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1434–1435 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 1299–1300 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4478–4479 |
| Holocene calendar | 11378 |
| Igbo calendar | 378–379 |
| Iranian calendar | 756–757 |
| Islamic calendar | 779–780 |
| Japanese calendar | Eiwa4 ( vĩnh hòa ４ niên ) |
| Javanese calendar | 1291–1292 |
| Julian calendar | 1378 MCCCLXXVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3711 |
| Minguo calendar | 534 beforeROC Dân tiền 534 niên |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −90 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1920–1921 |
| Tibetan calendar | Âm hỏa xà niên (female Fire-Snake) 1504 or 1123 or 351 — to — Dương thổ mã niên (male Earth-Horse) 1505 or 1124 or 352 |
1378(MCCCLXXVIII) was acommon year starting on Fridayof theJulian calendar,the 1378th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 378th year of the2nd millennium,the 78th year of the14th century,and the 9th year of the1370sdecade. As of the start of 1378, the Gregorian calendar was 8 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
Events
[change|change source]- March – InEngland,John Wycliffetries to promote his ideas for Catholic reform by laying his theses before parliament and making them public in atract.He is subsequently summoned beforeArchbishop of Canterbury,Simon of Sudbury,at the episcopal palace atLambethto defend his actions.
- September 20– Unhappy with Pope Urban's critical attitude towards them, the majority of the cardinals meet atFondiand electClement VIIasantipopeand establish a rival papal court atAvignon.This split within the Catholic Church becomes known as theWestern Schism.
Undated
[change|change source]- Holy Roman Emperor Charles IVmeets with his nephewCharles V of Franceto publicly celebrate the friendship between their two nations.
- Holy Roman Emperor Charles IVdies and is succeeded by his son,Wenceslaus.
- The Papacy makes a permanent move back fromAvignontoRome,ending theAvignon Papacy.
- Pope Gregory XIdies. Due to riots inRomecalling for a Roman pope, the cardinals, who were mostly French, electPope Urban VI(Bartolomeo Prignano, Archbishop ofBari) as the 202ndPope.
- France,Aragon,Castile and León,Cyprus,Burgundy,Savoy,NaplesandScotlandchoose to recogniseAntipope Clement VII.Denmark,England,Flanders,theHoly Roman Empire,Hungary,northernItaly,Ireland,Norway,PolandandSwedencontinue to recognisePope Urban VI.
- Dmitri Donskoi of Moscow & Vladimirresists a small invasion by theMongolBlue Horde.
- Revolt of the Ciompi– discontent wool carders briefly take over the government ofFlorence.For the first time, a European government represents all social classes.
- Tokhtamyshdethrones Timur Malik as Khan of theWhite Horde.
- Kara Osmanestablishes theTurkomans of the White Sheep dynastyatDiyarbakırin present-day southeastTurkey.
- TheTurkscapture the town ofIhtimanin westBulgaria.
- An English spy assassinatesOwain Lawgoch,claimant to the throne ofWalesand ally ofFrance.
- Gian Galeazzo Viscontisucceeds his father,Galeazzo II Visconti,as ruler ofMilan.
- Uskhal Khansucceeds his father,Biligtü Khan,as ruler of theYuan DynastyinMongolia.
- Balša IIsucceeds his father,Durađ I,as ruler ofZeta(nowMontenegro).
- Tai Bian succeeds Zhao Bing Fa as King ofMong Mao(now northernMyanmar).
- Appearance ofHalley's Comet.
- Da'ud Shah succeeds his assassinated nephew, Aladdin Mujahid Shah, asBahmani Sultanin present-day southernIndia.Da'ud Shah is assassinated in the same year and is succeeded by Mohammed Shah II.
Births
[change|change source]- August 16–Hongxi Emperorof China (died1425)
- October 24–David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay(died1402)
- December 31–Pope Callixtus III(died1458)
- Robert Campin,Flemish painter (died1444)
- Vittorino da Feltre,Italian humanist (died1446)
- Lorenzo Ghiberti,Italian sculptor and metal smith (died1455)
- John Hardyng,English chronicler (died1465)
Deaths
[change|change source]- February 6–Jeanne de Bourbon,queen ofCharles V of France(born1338)
- March 27–Pope Gregory XI
- May 29– KingHenry II of Castile(born1334)
- July –Owain Lawgoch,titular Prince ofWales– assassinated (borncirca1330)
- August 16–San Rocco di Venezia,patron saint of pestilence (born1340)
- November 29–Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor(born1316)
- Galeazzo II Visconti,Lord of Milan