1683
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century–17th century–18th century |
| Decades: | 1650s1660s1670s–1680s–1690s1700s1710s |
| Years: | 168016811682–1683–168416851686 |
1683(MDCLXXXIII) was acommon yearstarting on Fridayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Mondayof theJulian calendar,the 1683rd year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 683rd year of the2nd millennium,the 83rd year of the17th century,and the 4th year of the1680sdecade. As of the start of 1683, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Events
[change|change source]- June 6– TheAshmolean Museumopens as the world's firstuniversitymuseum.
- June 12– The Rye House Plot to assassinateCharles II of Englandis discovered.
- July 8– TheQing DynastyChinese admiral Shi Lang led 300 ships with 20,000 troops out of Tongshan, Fu gian and sailed towards the Kingdom of Tungning, in modern-dayTaiwanand the Pescadores in order to quell the kingdom in the name of Qing.
- July 14– A 140,000-manOttomanforce arrives atViennain June and starts to besiege the city. The siege is broken at the Battle of Vienna onSeptember 12with the arrival of a force of 70,000Polish,AustriansandGermansunder Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whosecavalryturns their flank. Considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire's fortunes.
- July 16andJuly 17– Battle of Penghu, the Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang defeats the naval forces of Zheng Keshuang in adecisive victory.[1]
- September 5– the Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang receives the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang, ushering in the collapse of the Kingdom of Tungning, which was then incorporated into the Qing Empire. Shi Lang reached Taiwan on October 3 and occupied present dayKaohsiung.
- October 6– Germantown, Pennsylvania is founded, leading in 1983 to U.S. President Ronald Reagan declaring a 300th Year Celebration, and in 1987, it became an annual holiday, German-American Day.
- November 1– TheBritishcrown colony ofNew Yorkis subdivided into 12counties.
- December– TheRiver Thamesfreezes, allowing a frost fair to be held.
Undated
[change|change source]- Wild boarsare hunted to extinction in Britain.
Births
[change|change source]- February 28– René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (died1757)
- March 1– Caroline of Ansbach, queen ofGeorge II of Great Britain(died1737)
- April 3– Mark Catesby, English naturalist (died1749)
- June 23– Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (died1745)
- September 11– Farrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor (died1719)
- September 25–Jean-Philippe Rameau,French composer (died1764)
- October 25– Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (died1757)
- November 10– KingGeorge II of Great Britain(died1760)
- November 30– Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (died1744)
- December 19– King Philip V of Spain (died1746)
- December 27– Conyers Middleton, English minister (died1750)
Deaths
[change|change source]- January 21– Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, British politician (born1621)
- February 18– Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (born1620)
- March 19– Thomas Killigrew, English dramatist (born1612)
- March 29– Yaoya Oshichi, a young girl burned at the stake for arson in 17th Century Japan (born1667)
- July 10– François-Eudes de Mézeray, French historian (born1610)
- July 13– Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (born1631)
- July 30– Marie-Thérèse, first wife ofLouis XIV of France(born1638)
- August 18– Charles Hart, English actor (born1625)
- August 24– John Owen, English non-conformist theologian (born1616)
- September 6– Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (born1619)
- September 12– King Afonso VI of Portugal (born1643)
- October 25– William Scroggs, lord chief justice of England (born c.1623)
- December 7– John Oldham, English poet died from smallpox (born1653)
- December 7– Algernon Sydney, English politician (born1623)
- December 15– Izaak Walton, English writer (born1593)
References
[change|change source]- ↑China Goes to Sea: Maritime Transformation in Comparative Historical Perspective,eds. Andrew Erickson; Lyle Goldstein (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press: China Maritime Studies Institute, 2009), p. 272