North Carolina
North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| The State of North Carolina | |
| Nickname(s): Old North State;Tar HeelState | |
| Motto(s): | |
| Anthem:The Old North State | |
 Map of the United States with North Carolina highlighted | |
| Country | United States |
| Before statehood | Province of North-Carolina |
| Admitted to the Union | November 21, 1789 (12th) |
| Capital | Raleigh |
| Largest city | Charlotte |
| Largest county or equivalent | Wake |
| Largest metroandurbanareas | Greater Charlotte |
| Government | |
| •Governor | Roy Cooper(D) |
| •Lieutenant Governor | Mark Robinson(R) |
| Legislature | General Assembly |
| •Upper house | Senate |
| •Lower house | House of Representatives |
| U.S. senators | Thom Tillis(R) Ted Budd(R) |
| U.S. House delegation |
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| Area | |
| • Total | 53,819 sq mi (139,390 km2) |
| • Land | 48,711 sq mi (126,161 km2) |
| • Water | 1,972 sq mi (5,108 km2) 9.5% |
| • Rank | 28th |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 600[3]mi (950 km) |
| • Width | 300 mi (300 km) |
| Elevation | 700 ft (210 m) |
| Highest elevation | 6,684 ft (2,037 m) |
| Lowest elevation (Atlantic Ocean[4]) | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Population (2019) | |
| • Total | 10,488,084 |
| • Rank | 9th |
| • Density | 208.7/sq mi (80.6/km2) |
| • Rank | 15th |
| •Median household income | $52,752[6] |
| • Income rank | 39th |
| Demonym(s) | North Carolinian (official); Tar Heel(colloquial) |
| Language | |
| •Official language | English[7] |
| •Spoken language | As of 2010[8]
|
| Time zone | UTC−05:00(Eastern) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00(EDT) |
| USPS abbreviation | NC |
| ISO 3166 code | US-NC |
| Traditional abbreviation | N.C. |
| Latitude | 33° 50′ N to 36° 35′ N |
| Longitude | 75° 28′ W to 84° 19′ W |
| Website | www |
| North Carolina state symbols | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Living insignia | |
| Bird | Cardinal |
| Butterfly | Eastern tiger swallowtail |
| Fish | Red Drum |
| Flower | Flowering Dogwood |
| Insect | Western honeybee |
| Marsupial | Virginia Opossum(state marsupial) |
| Tree | Longleaf Pine |
| Inanimate insignia | |
| Beverage | Milk |
| Dance | Clogging |
| Food | Scuppernonggrape,sweet potato |
| Fossil | Megalodonteeth |
| Gemstone | Emerald |
| Mineral | Gold |
| Rock | Granite |
| State route marker | |
 | |
| State quarter | |
 Released in 2001 | |
| Lists of United States state symbols | |
North Carolinais one of the 50statesof theUnited States.The capital of North Carolina isRaleighand thecitywith the most people isCharlotte.North Carolina is split into 100counties,and each county has many cities and towns.
North Carolina was one of the originalthirteen coloniesand was where the first English colony in America lived. As of 2020, there were about 10,400,000 people living in the state.[9]
In 2018, North Carolina was number one on Forbes' Best States for Business list for the second year in a row.
History
[change|change source]The Beginning
[change|change source]Before the English came, about 30Native Americangroups lived in what is now known as North Carolina. In 1584,Sir Walter Raleighstarted two colonies, but they did not last long. One of these, theRoanoke Colony,later became known as theLost Colonyand is still known as one of the great unsolved mysteries of early American history to this day. Virginia Dare, the first English child born in America, was born in theRoanoke Colony.
The first permanent settlers in North Carolina came from the state ofVirginiain 1655 because there was not enough farmland in Virginia.[10]Later the land was cut up into present-day North Carolina and South Carolina. The name "Carolina" comes from theLatinfor Charles (Carolus) after KingCharles I.
The Seaborne Slave Trade of North Carolina from theNorth Carolina Historical Reviewreports that slaves brought to North Carolina before the Revolution came from the West Indies: Montego Bay, Jamaica; Barbados; Antigua; and the Bahamas; a small number from mainland colonies; and an even smaller number directly from Africa, though less than 150 slaves were imported every year between 1772 and 1775.
The economy's growth and prosperity was based on slave labor. Early on, tobacco was an important source of money.
The American Revolutionary War
[change|change source]North Carolina was an important state during theAmerican Revolutionary War.
The Civil War
[change|change source]In 1860, North Carolina was aslave state.About 1/3 of the people in the state were slaves. North Carolina fought as part of theConfederacyduring theCivil War,but it was the last state to leave the Union. The state sent about 125,000 troops to fight in the war and about 40,000 of them died. Even during the war some people in North Carolina did not support the Confederacy, mostly because the Confederacy believed inslavery.The first Confederate soldier to be killed was from North Carolina.
Geography
[change|change source]
North Carolina touchesSouth Carolinaon the south,Georgiaon the southwest,Tennesseeon the west,Virginiaon the north, and theAtlantic Oceanon the east. The state is divided into three main areas of land, the Coastal Plains to the east, the Piedmont region in the middle, and the mountain ranges ofAppalachiato the west. The eastern coast of the state is lined with a string of barrier islands known asThe Outer Banks.
North Carolina is known for its changing weather across the different regions of the state.
Coastal Plain (East North Carolina)
[change|change source]The eastern part of the state touches the Atlantic Ocean, and usually has moderatetemperaturesall year long, usually not above 90 °F in thesummerand not under 40 °F in thewinter.However, it can get hotter than 100 °F and as cold as 20 °F. Most years there is less than one inch ofsnowand some years go by with no snow at all. The coastal plain usually gets atropical stormevery 3 or 4 years.
Piedmont (Middle North Carolina)
[change|change source]The average temperature normally does not go above 90 °F in most parts of the Piedmont in summer, but can go over 100 °F when there is aheat wave.Ice pelletsandfreezing rainare normal in this part of North Carolina, but the mountains protect the Piedmont from the worst winter weather. Snow in this region rarely lasts more than 48 hours before melting. Weak tornadoes are often seen in the Piedmont, but only 140 people have died by tornadoes from 1950 to 2012 in the entire state.
Mountains (West North Carolina)
[change|change source]The average temperature almost never goes above 80 °F in the summer and is usually in the high 30’s or low 40’s in the winter in the mountain region of North Carolina. About 14 to 20 inches of snow fall each year with some of the higherelevationsgetting 50 inches each winter. The wettest part of the mountains gets 90 inches of rain.[11]
Politics
[change|change source]Until recently, North Carolina mostly voted for Democrats. In presidential elections, it has votedDemocratictwice as many times as it has votedRepublican.In presidential elections from 1968 to 2004, North Carolina supported the Democrat only in 1976, when he came from the South. However, from presidential elections from the century of 1868 to 1964, North Carolina voted for the Democrat in all 25 elections except for 1928. The state's governor,Roy Cooper,is a Democrat.[12]
Major cities
[change|change source]The largest city in North Carolina isCharlotte, North Carolina,with about 880,000 people as of 2021.[13]The second largest city is the state capital,Raleigh,with about 470,000 people as of 2021.[13]The next largest cities in the state, from biggest to smallest, are Greensboro, Durham, Winston-Salem, and Fayetteville.
Fayetteville, in the southern part of the state, is the location ofFort Bragg,one of the largest military bases in the United States. Asheville, a city in the western part of the state, is popular with tourists because of its location near the mountains.
Economy
[change|change source]Farming and Manufacturing
[change|change source]Farms in North Carolina grow many different crops such asgrapes,peanuts,Christmas trees,poultryandeggs,wheat,corn,cucumbers,apples,greens,tobacco,hogs,milk,cattle,sweet potatoes,andsoybeans.North Carolina grows more tobacco than any other state in the country.[14]Furnituremaking is an importantindustryin North Carolina, but over the past several years many jobs have moved to other countries likeChinaandIndia.
Banking and Technology
[change|change source]Charlotte,the biggest city in North Carolina, is the second biggestbankingcity in the United States, making banking very important in North Carolina.BB&TandBank of Americahave their main offices in the state.
Technologyis also important in North Carolina. There are many companies that makecomputer softwareandvideo gamesin the state.Winston-Salemis a center for research inbiomedicalandmaterial sciencesandinformation technologycalled theWake Forest Innovation Quarter.Research Triangle Parknear the state capital of Raleigh is one of the biggestresearch parksin the world.
Healthcare
[change|change source]North Carolina has four hospitals that are nationally ranked with many NICUs (Intensive care unitsfor babies) at a IV rating, which is the highest possible rating in the United States.Wake Forest Baptist Medical Centeris reported by the U.S. News & World Report as one of the top hospitals in the nation. Brenner Children's Hospital and Health Services is designated a Nurse Magnet facility and it was rated in 2014 as one of America's best children's hospitals.
Transportation
[change|change source]Roads
[change|change source]North Carolina has more state maintained roads than any other American state.[15]The biggest roads are:
| Number | Highway | |
|---|---|---|
| I-26 |  |
Interstate 26 |
| I-40 |  |
Interstate 40 |
| I-42 |  |
Interstate 42 |
| I-73 |  |
Interstate 73 |
| I-74 |  |
Interstate 74 |
| I-77 |  |
Interstate 77 |
| I-85 |  |
Interstate 85 |
| I-87 |  |
Interstate 87 |
| I-95 |  |
Interstate 95 |
| U.S. 1 |  |
U.S. Route 1 |
| U.S. 17 |  |
U.S. Route 17 |
| U.S. 64 |  |
U.S. Route 64 |
| U.S. 70 |  |
U.S. Route 70 |
| U.S. 74 |  |
U.S. Route 74 |
| U.S. 52 |  |
U.S. Route 52 |
| U.S. 421 |  |
U.S. Route 421 |
| U.S. 401 |  |
U.S. Route 401 |
Airports
[change|change source]There are many major and international airports in North Carolina. These are:
References
[change|change source]
- ↑In 1893 the North Carolina General Assembly adopted the Latin words "Esse Quam Videri" as the state motto and directed that these words be placed with the state's Coat of Arms and the date "20 May 1775" upon the great seal.
- ↑These words are also famous fromGeneralfeldmarschallHelmuth von Moltke the Elder:"Mehr sein als scheinen—viel leisten und wenig hervortreten."
- ↑"North Carolina Climate and Geography".NC Kids Page.North Carolina Department of the Secretary of State. May 8, 2006.Archivedfrom the original on November 4, 2006.RetrievedNovember 7,2006.
- ↑4.04.1"Elevations and Distances in the United States".United States Geological Survey.2001. Archived fromthe originalon October 15, 2011.RetrievedOctober 24,2011.
- ↑Elevation adjusted toNorth American Vertical Datum of 1988.
- ↑"Median Annual Household Income".The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.Archived fromthe originalon December 20, 2016.RetrievedDecember 8,2016.
- ↑"State language".Ncga.state.nc.cus.p. § 145–12.RetrievedMay 23,2016.
(a)Purpose. English is the most common language of the people of the United States of America and the State of North Carolina. This section is intended to preserve, protect and strengthen the English language, and not to supersede any of the rights guaranteed to the people by the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of North Carolina. (b) English as the Official Language of North Carolina. English is the official language of the State of North Carolina.
[permanent dead link] - ↑"North Carolina".Modern Language Association.Archivedfrom the original on June 4, 2013.RetrievedAugust 11,2012.
- ↑List of U.S. states by population
- ↑Fenn and Wood,Natives and Newcomers,pp. 24-25
- ↑"Overview".NC State University. Archived fromthe originalon 23 December 2007.Retrieved13 June2014.
- ↑"United States presidential elections in North Carolina".Wikipedia.2020-06-11.
- ↑13.013.1https:// census.gov/quickfacts/charlottecitynorthcarolina
- ↑Time for tobacco burning out in N.C.Associated Press. April 29, 2007.
- ↑Hartgen, David T. and Ravi K. Karanam (2007)."16th Annual Report on the Performance of State Highway Systems"(PDF).Reason Foundation. p. 14 (in pdf), 8 (in printed report). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-10-25.Retrieved2007-10-20.
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