Euglenoidea

Euglenoidea

Taxonavigation

Superregnum:Eukaryota
Regnum:Protozoa
Subregnum:Eozoa
Infraregnum:Euglenozoa
Phylum:Euglenozoa
Subphylum:Plicostoma
Classis:Euglenoidea
Subclasses:Rapazia(Rapazophycidae) –Euglenia(Euglenophycidae)

Name

EuglenoideaSchoenicheninEyferth,Einfach. Lebensf. Tier- Pfl.-Reich. ed. 5, 1: 198-199 ( “Eugleninae” ),pro zool. cl.

Alternative botanical spelling:Euglenophyceae

Synonyms or similar groups

• EuglenidaStein, 1878 (sensu stricto); Simpson, 1997 (sensu lato)
• Euglenidae Stein, 1878, emend. Kent, 1880 (not Seidlitz, 1875, Coleoptera)
• EuglenoidinaBütschli, 1884; Blochmann, 1895
• EuglenineaeSenn, 1900
• EugleninaeLemmermann, 1913; Schoenichen, 1925
• "euglenoids" Walton, 1915
• EuglenophytaPascher, 1931
• Euglenophyceae Shoenichen, 1925 orth. em. Smith, 1933; Rothmaler, 1951
• Euglenales Leedale, 1967
• EuglenoidaCavalier-Smith, 1978, 1993
• EuglenozoaCavalier-Smith, 1981,pro parte
• Euglenidea de Puytorac et al., 1987; Fernández-Galiano, 1990
• EugleniaCavalier-Smith, 1993
• EugleneaBusse & Preisfeld, 2002 (not Heller, 1896, Coleoptera)
• EuglenophycidaeBusse & Preisfeld, 2002
• AphageaCavalier-Smith,1993

References

• Cavalier-Smith, T.2003. The excavate protozoan phyla MetamonadaGrasséemend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia,Carpediemonas,Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea,Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa.International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology53: 1741–1758.DOI:10.1099/ijs.0.02548-0Reference page.
• Cavalier-Smith T.2003. Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa.European Journal of Protistology39: 338–348.DOI:10.1078/0932-4739-00002Reference page.
• Cavalier-Smith, T.2016. Higher classification and phylogeny of Euglenozoa.European Journal of Protistology56: 250–276.DOI:10.1016/j.ejop.2016.09.003.PMID:27889663.Reference page.

Vernacular names

беларуская:Эўгленавыя водарасці
eesti:Eugleniidid
français:Euglénophytes, Euglénoïdes
Nhật Bản ngữ:ユーグレナ tảo
Tiếng Trung:Lỏa tảo cương

Alternative classifications

Lankester (1885, 1891)

• Lankester, E.R.1885. Protozoa.In:Encyclopaedia Britannica.Ed. 9, 19: 830–866.Google BooksReference page.

Lankester, E. R. (1891). Article "Protozoa". In:Zoological Articles Contributed to the Encyclopaedia Britannica,[1].

• Protozoa
  • Grade A.Gymnomyxa
  • Grade B.Corticata
    • SectionStomatophora
      • Class II.Flagellata
        • Order 2.EuglenoideaBütschli

Rothmaler (1951)

Rothmaler, Werner. (1951). Die Abteilungen und Klassen der Pflanzen.Feddes Rep Spec Nov Reg Veg3: 256–266,[2],[3].

• Protobionta
  • Euglenophyta
    • Euglenophyceae

Huber-Pestalozzi (1955)

Huber-Pestalozzi, G. (ed.).Das Phytoplankton des Süßwassers.Theil 4. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1955.Werke.

[SeeAlgae]

• X. Klasse:Euglenophyceae
  • 1. Reihe: Gefärbte Eugleninen
    • Familie Euglenaceae
    • Familie Euglenocapsaceae (fam. nov.)
  • 2. Reihe: Farblose Eugleninen
    • Familie Cyclidiopsidaceae (fam. nov.)
    • Familie Astasiaceae
    • Familie Peranemaceae
    • Familie Rhychopodaceae
    • Familie Rhizaspidaceae
    • Familie Protaspidaceae

Leedale (1967)

• Leedale, G.F.1967.Euglenoid Flagellates.Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall. (Concepts of modern biology series.)Internet Archive PDFReference page.

PhylumEuglenophyta[botanical classification]

• ClassEuglenophyceae
  • OrderEutreptiales
  • OrderEuglenales
  • OrderRhabdomonadales
  • OrderSphenomonadales
  • OrderHeteronematales
  • OrderEuglenamorphales

PhylumProtozoa

• DivisionFlagellata
  • ClassEuglenidaorEuglenineae[zoological classification]
    • OrderEuglenida
      • SuborderEutreptiina
      • SuborderEuglenina
      • SuborderRhabdomonadina
      • SuborderSphenomonadina
      • SuborderHeteronematina
      • SuborderEuglenamorphina

Walne & Kivic in Margulis et al. (1990[1989])

Walne, P.L. & Kivic, P.A., 1990[1989]. 15. Phylum Euglenida. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman (ed.).Handbook of Protoctista.Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, p. 270-287. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015),[4].

KingdomProtoctista

• Section III: Phyla with flagellated stages, but without complex sexual cycles
  • Phylum 15.Euglenida
    • ClassEuglenophyceae
      • OrderEutreptiales
      • OrderEuglenales
      • OrderRhabdomonadales
      • OrderSphenomonadales
      • OrderHeteronematales
      • OrderEuglenamorphales

Hausmann et al. (1996)

From Hausmann, K., N. Hülsmann.Protozoology.Thieme Verlag; New York, 1996.[5]

EmpireEukaryota

• KingdomMastigota
  • SubkingdomDimastigota
    • SuperphylumMetakaryota
      • PhylumEuglenozoa
        • SubphylumEuglenida
          • ClassEuglenoidea
          • ClassHemimastigophorea
        • SubphylumKinetoplasta
        • SubphylumPseudociliata

Leedale in Lee et al. (2000)

Leedale, G.F. 2000. Class Euglenoidea Bütschli, 1884, order Euglenida Bütschli, 1884. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P.An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa.Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 1136–1157,[6].See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015),[7].

In “protozoa”,“flagellated protists”,

• PhylumEuglenozoaCavalier-Smith, 1981
  • "euglenids" (ClassEuglenoideaBütschli, 1884, OrderEuglenidaBütschli, 1884)
    • SuborderEutreptiinaLeedale, 1967
      • GenusDistigmaEhrenberg, 1831
      • GenusDistigmopsisHollande, 1942
      • GenusEutreptiaPerty, 1852
      • GenusEutreptiellada Cunha, 1913
    • SuborderEugleninaBütschli, 1884
      • GenusEuglenaC.G. Ehrenberg, 1830
      • GenusEuglenocapsaSteinecke, 1931
      • GenusKhawkineaJahn & McKibben, 1937
      • GenusAstasiaDujardin, 1830
      • GenusCyclidiopsisKorschikov, 1917
      • GenusTrachelomonasEhrenberg, 1833
      • GenusStrombomonasDeflandre, 1930
      • GenusAscoglenaStein, 1878
      • GenusKlebsinaSilva, 1961 [= GenusKlebsiellaPascher, 1931]
      • GenusColaciumEhrenberg, [1834]
      • GenusPhacusDujardin, 1841
      • GenusHyalophacusPringsheim, 1936
      • GenusLepocinclisPerty, 1849
      • GenusCryptoglenaC.G. Ehrenberg, 1831[1832]
    • SuborderRhabdomonadinaLeedale, 1967
      • GenusRhabdomonasFresenius, 1858
      • GenusRhabdospiraPringsheim, 1963
      • GenusMenoidiumPerty, 1852
      • GenusGyropaigneSkuja, 1939
      • GenusParmidiumChristen, 1963
    • SuborderSphenomonadinaLeedale, 1967
      • GenusSphenomonasStein, 1878
      • GenusAtraktomonasChristen, 1962
      • GenusCalkinsiaLackey, 1960
      • GenusAnisonemaDujardin, 1841
      • GenusMetanema(Klebs, 1892) Senn, in Engler & Prantl, 1900
      • GenusCalycimonasChristen, 1959
      • GenusPetalomonasStein, 1859
      • GenusDylakosomaSkuja, 1964
      • GenusScytomonasStein, 1878
      • GenusDoliumLarsen & Patterson, 1990
      • GenusNotosolenusStokes, 1884
      • GenusTropidoscyphusStein, 1878
    • SuborderHeteronematinaLeedale, 1967
      • GenusHeteronemaDujardin, 1841
      • GenusPeranemaF. Dujardin, 1841
      • GenusUrceolusMereschkowski, 1877
      • GenusEntosiphonStein, 1878
      • GenusPloeotiaDujardin, 1841
    • SuborderEuglenamorphinaLeedale, 1967
      • GenusEuglenamorphaWenrich, 1924
      • GenusHegneriaBrumpt & Lavier, 1924
    • Incertae sedis
      • ?GenusConradnema
      • ?GenusDinemaPerty, 1852
      • ?GenusDinemulaMichajlow, 1965
      • ?GenusNaupliicolaMichajlow, 1965
      • ?GenusOvicolaMichajlow, 1965
      • ?GenusEmbryocola
      • ?GenusMesastasiaPalienko & Monchenko, 1979
      • ?GenusMononemaMichajlow, 1967
      • ?GenusParadinemulaMonchenko, 1967
      • ?GenusParadistigmaWita, 1974
      • ?GenusParadistigmoidesMichajlow & Wita, 1976
      • ?GenusParastasia
      • ?GenusParastasiella

Marin et al. (2003)

Marin, B., Palm, A., Klingberg, M., Melkonian, M. (2003): Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of plastid-containing Euglenophytes based on SSU rDNA sequence comparisons and synapomorphic signatures in the SSU rRNA secondary structure.Protist154, 99-145,[8].

Euglenozoa

• kinetoplastids
• diplonemids
  • Diplonema
• euglenoids (Euglenophyta)
  • Distigma-clade
  • Peranema
  • euglenophytes (EuglenophyceaeSchoenichen 1925 in Eyferth and Schoenichen 1925 emend. Marin et Melkonian)
    • OrderEutreptialesLeedale 1967 emend. Marin et Melkonian
    • OrderEuglenalesLeedale 1967 emend. Marin et Melkonian

Adlet al.(2012)

Adl, S. M. et al. (2012). The revised classification of eukaryotes.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology59 (5): 429–514,[9].

Eukaryota

• ExcavataCavalier-Smith 2002, emend. Simpson 2003
  • DiscobaSimpson in Hampl et al. 2009 (R)
    • DiscicristataCavalier-Smith 1998
      • EuglenozoaCavalier-Smith 1981, emend. Simpson 1997
        • EuglenidaBütschli 1884, emend. Simpson 1997
          • HeteronematinaLeedale 1967 (P)
            • Anisonema,Dinema,Entosiphon,Heteronema,Lentomonas,Metanema,Notosolenus,Peranema,Petalomonas,Ploeotia
            • [Alternative classification of Heteronematina:
              • Ploeotiida(Ploeotia,Entosiphon,Lentomonas,?Keelungia)
              • Petalomonadida(Petalomonas,Notosolenus,Calycimonas,?Sphenomonas)]
          • EuglenophyceaeSchoenichen 1925, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003 (=EugleneaBütschli 1884, emend. Busse & Preisfeld 2002)
            • RapazaYamaguchi et al. 2012 (M)
            • EutreptialesLeedale 1967, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003
              • Eutreptia,Eutreptiella
            • EugleneaBütschli 1884, emend. Busse & Preisfeld 2002 [emend. Adl et al. 2012?] (=EuglenalesLeedale 1967, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003)
              • PhacaceaeKim et al. 2010
                • Discoplastis,Lepocinclis,Phacus
              • EuglenaceaeDujardin 1841, emend. Kim et al. 2010
                • Ascoglena,Colacium,Cryptoglena,Cyclidiopsis,Euglena,Euglenaria,Euglenopsis,Monomorphina,Strombomonas,Trachelomonas
          • AphageaCavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Busse & Preisfeld 2002
            • Astasiasensu stricto,Distigma,Distigmopsis,Menoidium,Rhabdomonas

[Notes: M, monotypic group with only one described species; P, paraphyletic group; R, ribogroup assembled from phylogenetic studies.]

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms.PLoS ONE10(4): e0119248,[10].

• SuperkingdomEukaryota
  • KingdomProtozoa
    • SubkingdomEozoa
      • InfrakingdomEuglenozoa
        • PhylumEuglenozoa
          • Subphylum N.N.
            • ClassDiplonemea
              • OrderDiplonemida
            • ClassKinetoplastea
              • OrderBodonida
              • OrderProkinetoplastida
              • OrderTrypanosomatida
          • SubphylumEuglenoida
            • Class N.N.
              • OrderPetalomonadida
              • OrderPloeotiida
            • ClassEuglenophyceae
              • OrderEuglenida
              • OrderEutreptiida
            • ClassPeranemea
              • OrderHeteronemida
              • OrderPeranemida
              • OrderRhabdomonadida
          • SubphylumSymbiontida
            • ClassPostgaardea
              • OrderPostgaardida

Cavalier-Smith (2016)

• Cavalier-Smith, T.2016. Higher classification and phylogeny of Euglenozoa.European Journal of Protistology56: 250–276.DOI:10.1016/j.ejop.2016.09.003.PMID:27889663.Reference page.

PhylumEuglenozoa

• SubphylumEuglenoida[ "euglenoids";Euglenoidea,if treated as a class; notEuglenida,as in Adl et al., 2012]
  • InfraphylumEntosiphona
  • InfraphylumDipilida
    • SuperclassRigimonada
    • SuperclassSpirocuta
      • ClassPeranemea
      • ClassEuglenophyceae
        • SubclassRapazia
        • SubclassEuglenophycidae[notEuglenea,as in Busse & Preisfeld, 2002]
          • OrderEutreptiida(=Eutreptiales)
          • OrderEuglenida[ "euglenids" ]
            • FamilyEuglenidae[notEuglenea,as in Adl et al., 2012]
            • FamilyPhacidae(=Phacaceae)
            • FamilyEuglenamorphidae
• SubphylumPostgaardia
• SubphylumGlycomonada

Leander et al. (2017)

Leander, B.S., Lax, G., Karnkowska, A., Simpson, A.G.B. (2017). Euglenida. In: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C. (Eds.).Handbook of the Protists.Springer, pp. 1-42.DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_13-1

• Euglenida[ “euglenids", or "euglenoids"]
  • Petalomonadida(e.g.,Petalomonas,Notosolenus,Scytomonas,Sphenomonas)
  • “Ploeotiids”(*) (e.g.,Ploeotia,Entosiphon,Keelungia)
  • Symbiontida(Bihospites,Calkinsia,andPostgaardi)
  • Spirocuta(formerly “H clade” or “HP clade” )
    • Aphagea(e.g.,Rhabdomonas,Menoidium,Distigma,Astasia)
    • Neometanema
    • “Anisonemids”(Anisonema,Dinema)
    • “Peranemids”(*) (e.g.,Peranema,Jenningsia,Heteronema,Urceolus)
    • Euglenophyceae
      • Rapaza
      • Eutreptiales(e.g.,Eutreptia,Eutreptiella)
      • Euglenales(=Euglenea)
        • Phacaceae(Lepocinclis,Phacus,andDiscoplastis)
        • Euglenaceae(e.g.,Euglena,Colacium,andTrachelomonas)

[(*) paraphyletic assemblages.]