Basa Latén
| Basa Latén (Latina) | |
|---|---|
| Dipaké di: | Karajaan Romawi |
| Wewengkon: | Bojong Itali |
| Jumlah pamaké: | |
| Urutan ka: | |
| Klasifikasi rungkun basa: | Indo-Éropa Italik |
| Status resmi | |
| Basa resmi di: | Kota Vatican |
| Diatur ku: | - |
| Sandi basa | |
| ISO 639-1 | la |
| ISO 639-2 | lat |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| SIL | LTN |
| Tempo ogé:Basa-Daptar basa | |
Basa LatinatawaLaténbaheulana mangrupabasaasli nu dipaké di wewengkon sabudeureunRomanu disebutLatium.Boga pangaruh gedé nalika jadi basa formalKarajaan Romawi.
SadayaBasa Romawiditurunkeun tina basa Latin, sarta loba kekecapan nu asalna tina kecap Latin kapanggih ogé dina basa-basa modérn séjénna kayaningbasa Inggris.Leuwih ti éta, di dunya Kulon, basa Latin geus jadilingua franca,basa nu diteuleuman sarta dilarapkeun pikeun kaperluan ilmiah sarta pulitik, salila leuwih ti sarébu taun, nu kalindih kubasa Prancisdinaabad ka-18sarta basa Inggris ahirabad ka-19.Kiwari jadibasa resmiGaréja Katolik Roma,kaasup salaku basa resmi nasionalKota Vatikan.Basa Latin ogé masih dipaké, bareng jeungbasa Yunani,pikeun nangtukeun ngaran nu dipaké dinaklasifikasi ilmiahmahluk hirup.
Fitur Utama
[édit|édit sumber]Latin has an extensive flectional system, which mainly operates by appending strings to a fixed stem. Inflection of nouns and adjectives is termed "declension",that of verbs,"conjugation".There are five declensions of nouns, and four conjugations for verbs. The six noun forms (or" cases ") are:
- nominative(subjects and predicate nominatives),
- genitive(relation, often possession),
- dative(indirect objects),
- accusative(direct objects, some prepositional phrases),
- ablative(separation, source, cause, or instrument),
- vocative(direct address).
In addition, there exists in some nouns alocative caseused to express place (normally expressed by the ablative with a preposition such as IN), but this hold-over from Indo-Européan is only found in the names of lakes, cities, towns, similar locales, and a few other words.
Basa Latin jeungRomans
[édit|édit sumber]Saruntagna Karajaan Romawi, basa Latin robah jadi rupa-rupabasa Romans.These were for many centuries only spoken languages, Latin being still used for writing. (E.g. Latin was the official language ofPortugaluntil1296when it was replaced byPortuguese.)
Actually the Romance languages are not derived fromClassical Latinbut rather from the spokenVulgar Latin.Latin and Romance differ (for example) in that Romance had distinctive stress wheréas Latin had distinctive length of vowels. InItalianandSardo logudorese,there is distinctive length of consonants and stress, inSpanishonly distinctive stress, and inFrencheven stress is no longer distinctive.
Another major distinction between Romance and Latin is that Romance languages, excluding Romanian, have lost their case endings in most words except for some pronouns.Romanianstill has five cases (though theablativeis no longer represented).
Basa Latin jeung basa Inggris
[édit|édit sumber]Tatabasa Inggris teu sacara langsung diturunkeun tina tatabasa Latin. Attempts to maké English grammar fit Latin rules — such as the contrived prohibition against thesplit infinitive— have not worked successfully in regular usage. However, as many as half the words in English come to us through Latin, including many words of Greek origin first adopted by the Romans, not to mention the thousands of French, Spanish, and Italian words of Latin origin that have also enriched English.
Nalikaabad ka-16nepi kaabad ka-18,panulis-panulis Inggris nyipta loba pisan kecap-kecap anyar nu diturunkeun tina akar kecap basa Latin jeung Yunani. Kecap-kecap ieu, euyeub ku rasa jeung harti. Loba kecap-kecapna nu kungsi dipaké terus kapopohokeun, tapi sabagian mah aya kénéh, kayaningimbibe,extrapolate,jeunginebriation.
Tempo ogé
[édit|édit sumber]Ngeunaan basa Latin
[édit|édit sumber]- Tatabasa Latin
- Foném Latin
- Latin declension
- Konjugasi Latin
- Léxikon Latin
- ablative absolute
- susunan aksara Latin
Ngeunaan sastra Latin
[édit|édit sumber]- Sastra Latin
- Pabukon Klasik Loeb
- Latin proverbs
- Daptar frase Latin
- Daptar Latin proverbs
- Brocard
- Daptar kecap-kecap Latin atawa Yunani nu ilahar dipaké dina ngaran sistimatis
- Carmen Possum
Jejer séjén nu patali
[édit|édit sumber]Tumbu kaluar
[édit|édit sumber]- Wikipédia Latin
- The Perseus Projecthas many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, includingan interactive Latin dictionary.
- Ethnologue report for Latin
- Free online courses in Latin
- The Latin Librarycontains many Latin etexts
- Textkithas Latin textbooks and etexts.
- Latin - English DictionaryArchived2004-04-11 diWayback Machine:from Webster's Rosetta Edition.
- Language referenceArchived2005-04-04 diWayback MachineCross-foreign-language lexicon powered by its own séarch engine. All cross combinations between Latin and French, German, Italian, Spanish.