Modul:String

Module:string

This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions.

Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters, unnamed parameters, or a mixture. If named parameters are used, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter. Depending on the intended use, it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace.

Global options

ignore_errors

If set to 'true' or 1, any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message.

error_category

If an error occurs, specifies the name of a category to include with the error message. The default category isCategory:Errors reported by Module String.

no_category

If set to 'true' or 1, no category will be added if an error is generated.

Unit tests for this module are available atModule:String/testcases.

len

This function returns the length of the target string.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|len|target_string}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|len|s=target_string}}

Parameters:

s

The string whose length to report

sub

This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|sub|target_string|start_index|end_index}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|sub|s=target_string|i=start_index|j=end_index}}

Parameters:

s

The string to return a subset of

i

The first index of the substring to return, defaults to 1.

j

The last index of the string to return, defaults to the last character.

The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1. If either i or j is a negative value, it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string. Hence, a value of -1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string.

If the requested indices are out of range for the given string, an error is reported.

sublength

This function implements the features of {{Str sub old}} and is kept in order to maintain these older templates.

match

This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|match|source_string|pattern_string|start_index|match_number|plain_flag|nomatch_output}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|match|s=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|start=start_index|match=match_number|plain=plain_flag|nomatch=nomatch_output}}

Parameters:

s

The string to search

pattern

The pattern or string to find within the string

start

The index within the source string to start the search. The first character of the string has index 1. Defaults to 1.

match

In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string. This specifies which match to return, where the first match is match= 1. If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match. Hence match = -1 is the same as requesting the last match. Defaults to 1.

plain

A flag indicating that the pattern should be understood as plain text. Defaults to false.

nomatch

If no match is found, output the "nomatch" value rather than an error.

If the match_number or start_index are out of range for the string being queried, then this function generates an error. An error is also generated if no match is found. If one adds the parameter ignore_errors=true, then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure.

For information on constructingLuapatterns, a form ofregular expression,see:

• http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1
• http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Patterns
• http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Ustring_patterns

pos

This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|pos|target_string|index_value}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|pos|target=target_string|pos=index_value}}

Parameters:

target

The string to search

pos

The index for the character to return

The first character has an index value of 1.

If one requests a negative value, this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string. In other words pos = -1 is the same as asking for the last character.

A requested value of zero, or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error.

str_find

This function duplicates the behavior of {{str_find}}, including all of its quirks. This is provided in order to support existing templates, but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates. New code is recommended to use the "find" function instead.

Returns the first index in "source" that is a match to "target". Indexing is 1-based, and the function returns -1 if the "target" string is not present in "source".

Important Note: If the "target" string is empty / missing, this function returns a value of "1", which is generally unexpected behavior, and must be accounted for separatetly.

find

This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|find|source_str|target_string|start_index|plain_flag}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|find|source=source_str|target=target_str|start=start_index|plain=plain_flag}}

Parameters:

source

The string to search

target

The string or pattern to find within source

start

The index within the source string to start the search, defaults to 1

plain

Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as aLua-styleregular expression,defaults to true

This function returns the first index >= "start" where "target" can be found within "source". Indices are 1-based. If "target" is not found, then this function returns 0. If either "source" or "target" are missing / empty, this function also returns 0.

This function should be safe for UTF-8 strings.

replace

This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string.

Usage:

{{#invoke:String|replace|source_str|pattern_string|replace_string|replacement_count|plain_flag}}

OR

{{#invoke:String|replace|source=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|replace=replace_string|count=replacement_count|plain=plain_flag}}

Parameters:

source

The string to search

pattern

The string or pattern to find within source

replace

The replacement text

count

The number of occurrences to replace; defaults to all

plain

Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as aScribunto ustring pattern(a unicode-friendlyLua-styleregular expression); defaults to true

rep

Repeats a stringntimes. A simple function to pipe string.rep to templates. Usage:

{{#invoke:String|rep|source|count}}

Parameters:

source

The string to repeat

count

The number of repetitions.

Example{{#invoke:String|rep|hello|3}}gives hellohellohello

---

--[[

This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions.

Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters,
unnamed parameters, or a mixture. If named parameters are used, Mediawiki will
automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter.
Depending on the intended use, it may be advantageous to either preserve or
remove such whitespace.

Global options
ignore_errors: If set to 'true' or 1, any error condition will result in
an empty string being returned rather than an error message.

error_category: If an error occurs, specifies the name of a category to
include with the error message. The default category is
[Category:Errors reported by Module String].

no_category: If set to 'true' or 1, no category will be added if an error
is generated.

Unit tests for this module are available at Module:String/tests.
]]

localstr={}

--[[
len

This function returns the length of the target string.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|len|target_string|}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|len|s=target_string}}

Parameters
s: The string whose length to report

If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or
trailing whitespace from the target string.
]]
functionstr.len(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'s'});
locals=new_args['s']or'';
returnmw.ustring.len(s)
end

--[[
sub

This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|sub|target_string|start_index|end_index}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|sub|s=target_string|i=start_index|j=end_index}}

Parameters
s: The string to return a subset of
i: The fist index of the substring to return, defaults to 1.
j: The last index of the string to return, defaults to the last character.

The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1. If either i or j
is a negative value, it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by
counting from the end of the string. Hence, a value of -1 is the same as
selecting the last character of the string.

If the requested indices are out of range for the given string, an error is
reported.
]]
functionstr.sub(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'s','i','j'});
locals=new_args['s']or'';
locali=tonumber(new_args['i'])or1;
localj=tonumber(new_args['j'])or-1;

locallen=mw.ustring.len(s);

-- Convert negatives for range checking
ifi<0then
i=len+i+1;
end
ifj<0then
j=len+j+1;
end

ifi>lenorj>lenori<1orj<1then
returnstr._error('String subset index out of range');
end
ifj<ithen
returnstr._error('String subset indices out of order');
end

returnmw.ustring.sub(s,i,j)
end

--[[
This function implements that features of {{str sub old}} and is kept in order
to maintain these older templates.
]]
functionstr.sublength(frame)
locali=tonumber(frame.args.i)or0
locallen=tonumber(frame.args.len)
returnmw.ustring.sub(frame.args.s,i+1,lenand(i+len))
end

--[[
match

This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a
specified pattern.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|match|source_string|pattern_string|start_index|match_number|plain_flag|nomatch_output}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|pos|s=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|start=start_index
|match=match_number|plain=plain_flag|nomatch=nomatch_output}}

Parameters
s: The string to search
pattern: The pattern or string to find within the string
start: The index within the source string to start the search. The first
character of the string has index 1. Defaults to 1.
match: In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single
string. This specifies which match to return, where the first match is
match= 1. If a negative number is specified then a match is returned
counting from the last match. Hence match = -1 is the same as requesting
the last match. Defaults to 1.
plain: A flag indicating that the pattern should be understood as plain
text. Defaults to false.
nomatch: If no match is found, output the "nomatch" value rather than an error.

If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or
trailing whitespace from each string. In some circumstances this is desirable, in
other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace.

If the match_number or start_index are out of range for the string being queried, then
this function generates an error. An error is also generated if no match is found.
If one adds the parameter ignore_errors=true, then the error will be suppressed and
an empty string will be returned on any failure.

For information on constructing Lua patterns, a form of [regular expression], see:

* http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1
* http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Patterns
* http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Ustring_patterns

]]
functionstr.match(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'s','pattern','start','match','plain','nomatch'});
locals=new_args['s']or'';
localstart=tonumber(new_args['start'])or1;
localplain_flag=str._getBoolean(new_args['plain']orfalse);
localpattern=new_args['pattern']or'';
localmatch_index=math.floor(tonumber(new_args['match'])or1);
localnomatch=new_args['nomatch'];

ifs==''then
returnstr._error('Target string is empty');
end
ifpattern==''then
returnstr._error('Pattern string is empty');
end
ifmath.abs(start)<1ormath.abs(start)>mw.ustring.len(s)then
returnstr._error('Requested start is out of range');
end
ifmatch_index==0then
returnstr._error('Match index is out of range');
end
ifplain_flagthen
pattern=str._escapePattern(pattern);
end

localresult
ifmatch_index==1then
-- Find first match is simple case
result=mw.ustring.match(s,pattern,start)
else
ifstart>1then
s=mw.ustring.sub(s,start);
end

localiterator=mw.ustring.gmatch(s,pattern);
ifmatch_index>0then
-- Forward search
forwiniteratordo
match_index=match_index-1;
ifmatch_index==0then
result=w;
break;
end
end
else
-- Reverse search
localresult_table={};
localcount=1;
forwiniteratordo
result_table[count]=w;
count=count+1;
end

result=result_table[count+match_index];
end
end

ifresult==nilthen
ifnomatch==nilthen
returnstr._error('Match not found');
else
returnnomatch;
end
else
returnresult;
end
end

--[[
pos

This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|pos|target_string|index_value}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|pos|target=target_string|pos=index_value}}

Parameters
target: The string to search
pos: The index for the character to return

If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or
trailing whitespace from the target string. In some circumstances this is desirable, in
other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace.

The first character has an index value of 1.

If one requests a negative value, this function will select a character by counting backwards
from the end of the string. In other words pos = -1 is the same as asking for the last character.

A requested value of zero, or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error.
]]
functionstr.pos(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'target','pos'});
localtarget_str=new_args['target']or'';
localpos=tonumber(new_args['pos'])or0;

ifpos==0ormath.abs(pos)>mw.ustring.len(target_str)then
returnstr._error('String index out of range');
end

returnmw.ustring.sub(target_str,pos,pos);
end

--[[
str_find

This function duplicates the behavior of {{str_find}}, including all of its quirks.
This is provided in order to support existing templates, but is NOT RECOMMENDED for
new code and templates. New code is recommended to use the "find" function instead.

Returns the first index in "source" that is a match to "target". Indexing is 1-based,
and the function returns -1 if the "target" string is not present in "source".

Important Note: If the "target" string is empty / missing, this function returns a
value of "1", which is generally unexpected behavior, and must be accounted for
separatetly.
]]
functionstr.str_find(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'source','target'});
localsource_str=new_args['source']or'';
localtarget_str=new_args['target']or'';

iftarget_str==''then
return1;
end

localstart=mw.ustring.find(source_str,target_str,1,true)
ifstart==nilthen
start=-1
end

returnstart
end

--[[
find

This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another
string.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|find|source_str|target_string|start_index|plain_flag}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|find|source=source_str|target=target_str|start=start_index|plain=plain_flag}}

Parameters
source: The string to search
target: The string or pattern to find within source
start: The index within the source string to start the search, defaults to 1
plain: Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain
text and not as a Lua style regular expression, defaults to true

If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or
trailing whitespace from the parameter. In some circumstances this is desirable, in
other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace.

This function returns the first index >= "start" where "target" can be found
within "source". Indices are 1-based. If "target" is not found, then this
function returns 0. If either "source" or "target" are missing / empty, this
function also returns 0.

This function should be safe for UTF-8 strings.
]]
functionstr.find(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'source','target','start','plain'});
localsource_str=new_args['source']or'';
localpattern=new_args['target']or'';
localstart_pos=tonumber(new_args['start'])or1;
localplain=new_args['plain']ortrue;

ifsource_str==''orpattern==''then
return0;
end

plain=str._getBoolean(plain);

localstart=mw.ustring.find(source_str,pattern,start_pos,plain)
ifstart==nilthen
start=0
end

returnstart
end

--[[
replace

This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another
string.

Usage:
{{#invoke:String|replace|source_str|pattern_string|replace_string|replacement_count|plain_flag}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|replace|source=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|replace=replace_string|
count=replacement_count|plain=plain_flag}}

Parameters
source: The string to search
pattern: The string or pattern to find within source
replace: The replacement text
count: The number of occurences to replace, defaults to all.
plain: Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain
text and not as a Lua style regular expression, defaults to true
]]
functionstr.replace(frame)
localnew_args=str._getParameters(frame.args,{'source','pattern','replace','count','plain'});
localsource_str=new_args['source']or'';
localpattern=new_args['pattern']or'';
localreplace=new_args['replace']or'';
localcount=tonumber(new_args['count']);
localplain=new_args['plain']ortrue;

ifsource_str==''orpattern==''then
returnsource_str;
end
plain=str._getBoolean(plain);

ifplainthen
pattern=str._escapePattern(pattern);
replace=mw.ustring.gsub(replace,"%%","%%%%");--Only need to escape replacement sequences.
end

localresult;

ifcount~=nilthen
result=mw.ustring.gsub(source_str,pattern,replace,count);
else
result=mw.ustring.gsub(source_str,pattern,replace);
end

returnresult;
end

--[[
simple function to pipe string.rep to templates.
]]

functionstr.rep(frame)
localrepetitions=tonumber(frame.args[2])
ifnotrepetitionsthen
returnstr._error('function rep expects a number as second parameter, received "'..(frame.args[2]or'')..' "')
end
returnstring.rep(frame.args[1]or'',repetitions)
end

--[[
Helper function that populates the argument list given that user may need to use a mix of
named and unnamed parameters. This is relevant because named parameters are not
identical to unnamed parameters due to string trimming, and when dealing with strings
we sometimes want to either preserve or remove that whitespace depending on the application.
]]
functionstr._getParameters(frame_args,arg_list)
localnew_args={};
localindex=1;
localvalue;

fori,arginipairs(arg_list)do
value=frame_args[arg]
ifvalue==nilthen
value=frame_args[index];
index=index+1;
end
new_args[arg]=value;
end

returnnew_args;
end

--[[
Helper function to handle error messages.
]]
functionstr._error(error_str)
localframe=mw.getCurrentFrame();
localerror_category=frame.args.error_categoryor'Errors reported by Module String';
localignore_errors=frame.args.ignore_errorsorfalse;
localno_category=frame.args.no_categoryorfalse;

ifstr._getBoolean(ignore_errors)then
return'';
end

localerror_str='<strong class= "error" >String Module Error: '..error_str..'</strong>';
iferror_category~=''andnotstr._getBoolean(no_category)then
error_str='[[Category:'..error_category..']]'..error_str;
end

returnerror_str;
end

--[[
Helper Function to interpret boolean strings
]]
functionstr._getBoolean(boolean_str)
localboolean_value;

iftype(boolean_str)=='string'then
boolean_str=boolean_str:lower();
ifboolean_str=='false'orboolean_str=='no'orboolean_str=='0'
orboolean_str==''then
boolean_value=false;
else
boolean_value=true;
end
elseiftype(boolean_str)=='boolean'then
boolean_value=boolean_str;
else
error('No boolean value found');
end
returnboolean_value
end

--[[
Helper function that escapes all pattern characters so that they will be treated
as plain text.
]]
functionstr._escapePattern(pattern_str)
returnmw.ustring.gsub(pattern_str,"([%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]])","%%%1");
end

returnstr