Ngwini

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Ngwini

Ngwini wa Afrika

Uainishaji wa kisayansi

Himaya:	Animalia(Wanyama)
Faila:	Chordata(Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)
Ngeli:	Aves(Ndege)
Oda:	Sphenisciformes(Ndege kamangwini)
Familia:	Spheniscidae(Ndege walio na mnasaba nangwini)
Jenasi:	AptenodytesJ.F. Miller,1778 EudyptesVieillot,1816 EudyptulaBonaparte,1856 MegadyptesMilne-Edwards,1880 PygoscelisWagler,1832 SpheniscusBrisson,1760

NgwiniauPengwininindegewa bahari katikafamilia Spheniscidae.Ndege hawa hawawezi kuruka angani lakini chini ya maji huenda kama “kuruka”. Kwa kweli, wanaishi baharini nusu ya mwaka na wanarudi nchi kavu ili kuzaa tu. Kwa kawaida ngwini ni weupe kwa kidari na tumbo na weusi kwa mgongo (aina yakamafleji). Huwakamatanduvi(krill),samaki,ngisina wanyama wengine wadogo wa bahari. Hata kama kwa kawaida ngwini huhusishwa nabarafuyaAntakitiki,spishi nyingi huyataga mayai yao kwa pwani za visiwa zenye miamba au ndani ya mashimo ambayo ngwini wameyachimba. Jike huyatagamayaimawili, lakini yule wa spishi zaAptenodyteshulitaga moja tu. Jike na dume huatamia mayai kwa zamu, lakini kwa kawaida kinda moja hutoka tu au kinda moja analishwa tu.Aptenodytes forsteri(Emperor Penguin) huzaa mbali na bahari juu ya barafu yaBara la Antakitiki.Dume hutamia yai wakati jike anapotafuta chakula cha kumpa kinda.

Spishi za Afrika

Aptenodytes patagonicus,Ngwini Mfalme(King Penguin)
Eudyptes chrysolophus,Ngwini Mashungi-dhahabu(Macaroni Penguin)
Eudyptes chrysocome,Ngwini Mrukaji Kusi(Southern Rockhopper Penguin)
- Eudyptes c. filholi,Ngwini Mrukaji Mashariki(Eastern Rockhopper Penguin)
Eudyptes moseleyi,Ngwini Mrukaji Kaskazi(Northern Rockhopperor Mosely's Penguin)
Pygoscelis papua,Ngwini Papua(Gentoo Penguin)
Spheniscus demersus,Ngwini wa Afrika(African Penguin)

Spishi za mabara mengine

Aptenodytes forsteri(Emperor Penguin)
Eudyptes chrysocome(Western Rockhopper Penguin)
Eudyptes pachyrhynchus(Fiordland Penguin)
Eudyptes robustus(Snares Penguin)
Eudyptes schlegeli(Royal Penguin) - labda namna yaE. chrysolophustu
Eudyptes sclateri(Erect-crested Penguin)
Eudyptula minor(Littleor Fairy Penguin)
Megadyptes antipodes(Yellow-eyed Penguin)
Pygoscelis adeliae(Adelie Penguin)
Pygoscelis antarcticus(Chinstrap Penguin)
Spheniscus humboldti(Humboldt Penguin)
Spheniscus magellanicus(Magellanic Penguin)
Spheniscus mendiculus(Galápagos Penguin)

Spishi za kabla ya historia

Eudyptessp. (Chatham Islands Penguin) (Mwisho wa Quaternary? yaVisiwa vya Chatham)
Pygoscelis calderensis(Mwisho wa Miocene ya Bahía Inglesa,Chile)
Pygoscelis grandis(Mwisho wa Miocene/Mwanzo wa Pliocene ya Bahía Inglesa, Chile)
Pygoscelis tyreei(Tyree's Penguin) (Pliocene yaNyuzilandi)