Herufi za Kiarabu
(A-B-J-D ni herufi nne za kwanza za alfabeti ya Kiarabu).
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Arabic_alphabet_world_distribution.png/400px-Arabic_alphabet_world_distribution.png)
Herufi za Kiarabuni maandishi maalumu yalughayaKiarabu.Nje ya Kiarabu lugha mbalimbali zinaandikwa kwaherufiza Kiarabu, hasa lugha za nchi zenyeWaislamuwengi, ingawa herufi hizo zilibuniwa kabla yadinihiyo kuenea. Kati ya lugha hizo kunaKiajemi,Kikurdi,KimalaynaUrdu.Pengine katika lugha hizo herufi kadhaa zinaongezwa au kupunguzwa, kulingana na lugha ilivyo.
KihistoriahataKiswahilinaKiturukiziliwahi kuandikwa kwa herufi za Kiarabu.
Kuna herufi 28 za Kiarabu zinazoandikwa kutoka kulia kwenda kushoto. Herufi zote isipokuwa sita zinaunganishwa wakati wa kuandika. Kutokana na tabia hiyo kila herufi inaweza kuonekana kwa maumbotofautitofauti kiasi kutegemeana na mahali pake mwanzoni, katikati au mwishoni mwaneno.
Kwa kawaida maandishi ya Kiarabu ni yakonsonantitu bilavokali.Vokali zikiandikwa zinaonekana kamamstariaunuktachini au juu ya herufi zinazoanzishasilabi.
Herufi kuu[hariri|hariri chanzo]
Umbo la herufi | Jina | Soma kama | Alama za matamshi ya kimataifa | |||
peke yake | mwanzoni | katikati | mwishoni | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ﺀ | أ, إ, ؤ, ئ |
hamza | ’ ‚ | [ʔ] | ||
ﺍ | — | ﺎ | alif | ā | [aː] | |
ﺏ | ﺑ | ﺒ | ﺐ | bāʾ | b | [b] |
ﺕ | ﺗ | ﺘ | ﺖ | tāʾ | t | [t] |
ﺙ | ﺛ | ﺜ | ﺚ | ṯāʾ | th | [θ] |
ﺝ | ﺟ | ﺠ | ﺞ | ǧīm | / j | [ʤ] |
ﺡ | ﺣ | ﺤ | ﺢ | ḥāʾ | ḥ | [ħ] |
ﺥ | ﺧ | ﺨ | ﺦ | ḫāʾ | / ẖ / kh | [x] |
ﺩ | — | ﺪ | dāl | d | [d] | |
ﺫ | — | ﺬ | ḏāl | ḏ / dh | [ð] | |
ﺭ | — | ﺮ | rāʾ | r | [r] | |
ﺯ | — | ﺰ | zāy | z | [z] | |
ﺱ | ﺳ | ﺴ | ﺲ | sīn | s | [s] |
ﺵ | ﺷ | ﺸ | ﺶ | šīn | š / sh | [ʃ] |
ﺹ | ﺻ | ﺼ | ﺺ | ṣād | ṣ | [sˁ] |
ﺽ | ﺿ | ﻀ | ﺾ | ḍād | ḍ | [dˁ] |
ﻁ | ﻃ | ﻄ | ﻂ | ṭāʾ | ṭ | [tˁ] |
ﻅ | ﻇ | ﻈ | ﻆ | ẓāʾ | ẓ | [ðˁ] |
ﻉ | ﻋ | ﻌ | ﻊ | ʿayn | ʿ / ‘ | [ʕ] |
ﻍ | ﻏ | ﻐ | ﻎ | ġayn | ġ / gh | [ɣ] |
ﻑ | ﻓ | ﻔ | ﻒ | fāʾ | f | [f] |
ﻕ | ﻗ | ﻘ | ﻖ | qāf | q / ḳ | [q] |
ﻙ | ﻛ | ﻜ | ﻚ | kāf | k | [k] |
ﻝ | ﻟ | ﻠ | ﻞ | lām | l | [l] |
ﻡ | ﻣ | ﻤ | ﻢ | mīm | m | [m] |
ﻥ | ﻧ | ﻨ | ﻦ | nūn | n | [n] |
ﻩ | ﻫ | ﻬ | ﻪ | hāʾ | h | [h] |
ﻭ | — | ﻮ | wāw | w | [w] | |
ﻱ | ﻳ | ﻴ | ﻲ | yāʾ | y | [jn] |
Viungo vya nje[hariri|hariri chanzo]
- Quranic Arabic Lessons for KidsArchived7 Juni 2016 at theWayback Machine.
- Test yourself on the Arabic alphabet
- A YouTube video about learning Arabic by Br. Wisam Sharieff
- Interactive audio lesson for learning the Arabic alphabetArchived7 Aprili 2016 at theWayback Machine.
- Named Entity Recognition– for a discussion of inconsistencies and variations of Arabic written text.
- Arabetics– for a discussion of consistency and uniformization of Arabic written text.
- Arabic alphabet course videos guideArchived19 Februari 2015 at theWayback Machine.
- Open Source fonts for Arabic script
- Arabic Keyboard (in French)Archived27 Februari 2021 at theWayback Machine.
- Why the right side of your brain doesn't like Arabic