Ilias

Achillesanamsaidia Patroklos mjeruhiwa

Aya ya kwanza yaIliadi

Ramani ya Ugiriki ya Kale zamani za Homer

IliasauIliadi(kwaKigirikiἸλιάς,ilias,jinambadala lamjiwaTroia) niutenziwa kale na mfano wa kwanza wafasihi andishiyautamaduniwaUgiriki ya Kale.Ilitungwa kama utenzi wafasihi simulizina kuandikwa mnamokarne ya 8 KKikiwa nanyimboau sehemu kubwa 24.

Utenzi huu unasimulia matukio yavita ya Troiapamoja na habari za mashujaa wake pandembilizavitahii. Inakusanya pia habari nyingi zamiunguyaUgiriki.

Anayetajwa kamamwandishinimshairiHomerhata kamawataalamuwa kisasa wanajadiliana huyu alikuwa nani na kama aliishi kweli.

Katikahistoriandefu ya miaka 10 ya vita ya Troia Ilias inasimuliawikiza mwisho tu. Inaanza nahasiraya munguApollonkwa sababu ya tendo laAchilleskumtekabintiwakuhaniwa mungu huyu nafitinakati yashujaaAchilles namfalmeAgamemnoninayofuata. Kutokana na fitina hii Achilles anagoma kushiriki tena katika vita na sasa Wagiriki hawawezi kushindana tena na Watroya. Wakati Wagiriki wanaelekea kushindwa Achilles anarudi vitani baada ya kuuawa kwarafikiyakePatrokloskwamkonowa shujaa MtroiaHektor.Anamwua Hektor na kuachamaitiyake kwa siku 12 kwenyemchanga.Mwishoni anatulia na kumruhusubabayake Hektor kumzikamwanawe.

Majina muhimu katika Ilias ni pamoja naAchilles,Odiseo,Agamemnon,Menelao,Priamo,Hektor,ParisnaHelena.

Pamoja na utenzi mwingine wa Homer unaoitwaOdisei,Ilias nichanzochafasihiya Ugiriki ya Kale.

Viungo va nje

• IliadArchived16 Machi 2010 at theWayback Machine., online version of the work by Homer (English). Pope translation.
• Iliadin Ancient Greek:from the Perseus Project(PP), with the Murray and Butler translations and hyperlinks to mythological and grammatical commentary;via the Chicago HomerArchived11 Oktoba 2007 at theWayback Machine., with the Lattimore translation and markup indicating formulaic repetitions