Nasaba ya Yuan

Nasaba ya YuanilikuwanasabayakifalmeyaChinailiyoongozwa naWamongoliana kudumu tangumwaka 1271hadi1368.Ilianzishwa naKublai KhanaliyekuwamjukuuwaChingis Khan.Utawalawa Kimongolia katika China ulikuwa moja kati yamadolayaliyofuataMilki ya Wamongoliailipogawanywa baada yakifocha Chingis Khan.

Katikahistoria ya China,nasaba ya Yuan ilifuatanasaba ya Songna kutangulianasaba ya Ming.

Sehemu kubwa za China zilivamiwa naChingis Khanaliyechukuacheochakaizarikulingana na mapokeo ya nchi.^[1]Lakini wawakilishi wa nasaba ya Song waliendelea kutawala maeneo ya China Kusini hadi kushindwa kabisa mnamo 1279. Kublai Khan alirithi utawala juu ya China naMongoliayenyewe^[2],pamoja na cheo cha khan mkubwa kati ya warithi wengine wa Chingis; mwaka 1271 alitangaza utawala wake kama nasaba mpya^[3].

Ilikuwa nasaba ya kwanza iliyoanzishwa na kabila lisilo laWahanambayo ilitawalaChinayote.^[4]^[5]^[6]Mnamo 1368 utawala wao ulipinduliwa nanasaba ya Ming.Toghan Timur,kaizari wa mwisho wa Yuan alipaswa kuondokaBeijingakaendelea kutawala juu ya Mongolia pekee.^[7]

Baadhi ya makaizari wa Yuan walijifunzalugha ya Kichina,wakati wengine walitumia tu lugha yao ya asili yaKimongolia.^[8]

Marejeo

↑"Thái tổ bổn kỷ [Chronicle of Taizu]". 《 nguyên sử 》 [History of Yuan] (in Classical Chinese). "Nguyên niên bính dần, đế đại hội chư vương quần thần, kiến cửu du bạch kỳ, tức hoàng đế vị ô oát nan hà chi nguyên, chư vương quần thần cộng thượng tôn hào viết thành cát tư hoàng đế [" Genghis Huangdi "]."
↑Atwood, Christopher Pratt (2004).Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire.Facts On File.ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3.
↑Mote (1994). "Chinese society under Mongol rule, 1215-1368". In Twitchett, Dennis; Franke, Herbert (eds.). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 616–664. ISBN 978-0-521-24331-5.
↑Tan, Koon San (2014).Dynastic China: An Elementary History.uk. 312.ISBN 978-983-9541-88-5.
↑Cheung, Martha (2016).An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation (Volume 2): From the Late Twelfth Century to 1800.uk. 2.ISBN 9781134829316.
↑Eberhard, Wolfram (1971).A History of China(toleo la 3rd, revised and enlarged). Berkeley, California: University of California Press. uk. 232.ISBN 0-520-01518-5.
↑[[[:Kigezo:Google books]]The History of China].Iliwekwa mnamo4 Machi2015.{{cite book}}:Check|url=value (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑Franke, Herbert,Could the Mongol emperors read and write Chinese?

[1] "Thái tổ bổn kỷ [Chronicle of Taizu]". 《 nguyên sử 》 [History of Yuan] (in Classical Chinese). "Nguyên niên bính dần, đế đại hội chư vương quần thần, kiến cửu du bạch kỳ, tức hoàng đế vị ô oát nan hà chi nguyên, chư vương quần thần cộng thượng tôn hào viết thành cát tư hoàng đế [" Genghis Huangdi "]."

[:0-2] Atwood, Christopher Pratt (2004).Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire.Facts On File.ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3.

[3] Mote (1994). "Chinese society under Mongol rule, 1215-1368". In Twitchett, Dennis; Franke, Herbert (eds.). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 616–664. ISBN 978-0-521-24331-5.

[Non-Han1-4] Tan, Koon San (2014).Dynastic China: An Elementary History.uk. 312.ISBN 978-983-9541-88-5.

[Non-Han2-5] Cheung, Martha (2016).An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation (Volume 2): From the Late Twelfth Century to 1800.uk. 2.ISBN 9781134829316.

[Eberhard-6] Eberhard, Wolfram (1971).A History of China(toleo la 3rd, revised and enlarged). Berkeley, California: University of California Press. uk. 232.ISBN 0-520-01518-5.

[The_History_of_China-7] [[[:Kigezo:Google books]]The History of China].Iliwekwa mnamo4 Machi2015.{{cite book}}:Check|url=value (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[8] Franke, Herbert,Could the Mongol emperors read and write Chinese?

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]