Mjane

Valentina ViscontiwaMilanoakimuombolezeamumewakeLouis I wa Orleans,alivyochorwa naFleury-François Richard.

Mjanenimtualiyewahi kuwa na mwenzi wandoa,halafu akafiwa asioe tena ama asiolewe na mwingine.

Ni tofauti na yule asiyewahi kufunga ndoa (ambaye anaweza kuitwa vizuri zaidimsejaau, akiwamwanamume,hata kapera, ingawajinahilo la mwisho pengine linaelekeauhunikidogo) na yule aliyetoa ama kupatatalaka(anayeitwa mtaliki).

Wajane wa kike

Kutokana naubaguzi wa kijinsia,zamani wajanewa kikewalikosahakinyingi, inavyoonekana katikaBiblia.Kitabuhicho chadinikinawataja pamoja namayatimakati ya watumaskinizaidi ambaoMungundiye mtetezi wao.

Pengine hali hiyo inadumu hata leokatika aina kadhaa zautamaduni,kwa mfano hukoIndia.

Marejeo

• Carolyn Osiek, "The Widow as Altar: The Rise and Fall of a Symbol,"Second Century: A Journal of Early Christian Studies,3,3 (1983), 159-169.
• Bonnie Bowman Thurston.The Widows: A Women's Ministry in the Early Church.Philadelphia, Fortress Press, 1989.
• Major, Andrea. Sati: A Historical Anthology. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2007. 463. Print.
• Owen, Margaret. A World of Widows. Illustrated. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books, 1996. 181-183. eBook.
• Kruse, Britta-Juliane.Witwen. Kulturgeschichte eines Standes in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit.Berlin, de Gryter, 2007.
• Janet L. Nelson, "The wary widow," in Eadem,Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages: Charlemagne and Others.Aldershot, Ashgate, 2007 (Variorum Collected Studies Series: CS878).
• Sevak, Purvi, David R. Weir, and Robert J. Willis. "The Economic Consequences of a Husband's Death: Evidence from the HRS and AHEAD." Social Security Bulletin 65.3 (2003): 31-44. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 14 Sept. 2010.
• Behrendt, Stephen C. "Women without Men: Barbara Hofland and the Economics of Widowhood." Eighteenth Century Fiction 17.3 (2005): 481-508. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 14 Sept. 2010.
• "Imagine...." Widows' Rights International. Web. 14 Sep 2010. <http:// widowsrights.org/index.htmArchived14 Aprili 2011 at theWayback Machine.>.
• Elia, Nada. Trances, Dances, and Vociferations: Agency and Resistance in Africana Women's Narratives. New York: Garland Pub, 2001. Internet resource.
• Francis,Mary. "The Sisterhood of Widows" 2010 <http:// thesisterhoodofwidows>.

Viungo vya nje

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:

Mjane

• Grief's Journey (focuses on spousal loss)
• theWiddahood
• American Widow ProjectArchived5 Septemba 2019 at theWayback Machine.
• Sixteen widows share their stories
• Help and tips for Widows and Widowers
• The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (ISBE) (onlineArchived7 Oktoba 2011 at theWayback Machine.)

India

• India's invisible widows, divorcees and single women– BBC, March 7, 2014.
• A story about Indian widowsfromCNN,July 5, 2007.
• Ill-treatment of Widows in India,February 9, 2014.