Ytterby

YtterbynikijijikwenyekisiwachaResarö,katikaManispaayaVaxholmkwenyefunguvisiwalaStockholmnchiniUswidi.

Jinala kijiji linamaanisha "kijiji cha nje".^[1]Ytterby ni maarufu kwa sababu katikamigodiyakeelementi nanezilitambuliwa mara ya kwanza. Elementi nne zaYtri(Y), Yterbi (Yb),Erbi(Er) naTerbi(Tb) zote zimepewa jina la Ytterby.

Ugunduzi wa elementi

Tangumiaka ya 1500hivifelsparilichimbwa hapa kwa ajili yakiwandachakauri.Mnamo1787 luteni Carl Axel Arrheniusaliyechungulia eneo kwa kupata mahali pa kujengangomealikutajiwejeusi na zito ambalo halikujalikana.^[2]Mwaka 1794jiwe hilo lilifanyiwautafitinamtaalamu Johan Gadolinaliyetambua kwamba sehemu kubwa ilikuwa elementi mpya.Mwanakemiawa UswidiAnders Gustaf Ekebergalithibitisha ugunduzi huo mwaka uliofuata na akaiita kwa jina laYttria,na yale madini aliitwaGadoliniti.^[3]

Ndani ya madini ya gadoliniti jumla ya elementi saba ilipatikana.

Mbali naYtri(Y),Yterbi(Yb),Erbi(Er) naTerbi(Tb), elementi zaScandi(Skandinavia),Holmi(Ho, jina laStockholm), Thuli (Tm, jina la Thule, kisiwa chakaskazinikatikamitholojia ya Kigiriki) yaScandinavia), naGadolini(Gd, jina la mvumbuzi Johan Gadolin) zilitambuliwa katika madini ya Ytterbi.^[4]

Marejeo

↑Emsley, John (2001).Nature's Building Blocks.Oxford University Press. uk. 496.ISBN 0-19-850341-5.
↑Knutson Udd, Lena (2012)."Ytterby gruva"(PDF)(kwa Swedish). Fortifikationsverket. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutokachanzo(pdf)mnamo 2018-01-07.Iliwekwa mnamo6 Januari2018.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑Krishnamurthy, Nagaiyar (2015).Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths(tol. la 2nd). CRC Press. ku. 2, 839.ISBN 9781466576384.
↑Kean, Sam (16 Julai 2010)."Ytterby: The Tiny Swedish Island That Gave the Periodic Table Four Different Elements".Slate.Iliwekwa mnamo14 Novemba2016.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

Viungo vya nje

Makala hii kuhusu maeneo yaUswidibado nimbegu.
Je unajua kitu kuhusuYtterbykama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni?
Labda unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa?
Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwakuihariri na kuongeza habari.

[Emsley-1] Emsley, John (2001).Nature's Building Blocks.Oxford University Press. uk. 496.ISBN 0-19-850341-5.

[fort-2] Knutson Udd, Lena (2012)."Ytterby gruva"(PDF)(kwa Swedish). Fortifikationsverket. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutokachanzo(pdf)mnamo 2018-01-07.Iliwekwa mnamo6 Januari2018.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[3] Krishnamurthy, Nagaiyar (2015).Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths(tol. la 2nd). CRC Press. ku. 2, 839.ISBN 9781466576384.

[4] Kean, Sam (16 Julai 2010)."Ytterby: The Tiny Swedish Island That Gave the Periodic Table Four Different Elements".Slate.Iliwekwa mnamo14 Novemba2016.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

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