Italy
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/220px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png)
Italy(義大利)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Gaga kska Owcow ka Italy, 42 50 N, 12 50 E ka gaga na nniqan.
Kana ka knlbangan na o 301,340 sq km(hangan na o Tg72)(knlbanga dxgal o 294,140 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 7,200 sq km).
Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 62,007,540 hiyi.
Gaga Rome ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 2 idas 6 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan.
Manu ka dxgal Italy ga wada sugan 47.10% ka dxgal qpahan, 31.40% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 21.50% na.
Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Sergio Mattarella, pnaah hngkawas2015 idas 2 jiyax 3pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/220px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/EU-Italy.svg/220px-EU-Italy.svg.png)
cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’
Itari(義大利)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Itari Kunghekwo(kari Itari:Repubblica Italiana , thnganan Itari(Italia), kingal niqan nanaq cucyueyn na klwaan Owcow,pusu balay o gaga Nanow saw ramil bbaraw Yapingning pantaw(Itari Pantaw) ni qpruhan snpuan dha Ticunghay Tawyu Sisiritaw ni Satingniya, snkrayan spgan na o IT.Daya Itari na dgiyaq Arpeyssan ticyu mlutuc dha Fakwo, Jweys, Awtiri ni Srwoweyniya, klwaan na dxgal o mtqiri dha weysing klwaan kika Sngmarinwo ni Fantikang, manu ka mniq Jweys o ida niqan ka gaga ssiyaw Rucyanwohu Itarikanponey gaga klwaan nganguc. Kana ka klwaan o ida gaga seasug 20 paru nniqan( kska na hiya o niqan 5 ka pklawa nanaq),110 ka sng ni 8,100 ka alang breenux.
Pusu alang o Rwoma, hngkawas 1870 siida Itari wangkwo ga psaan hini ka pusu alang, manu ka Turin(hngkawas 1861 –hngkawas 1865) ni Forworuns(hngkawas 1685-hngkawas1870) siida o ida ngalan Itari wangkwo pusu alang uri ka hini. Bntasan patas hngkawas 2017 o sjiqan Itari qan6,059 wan n, knlabang dxgal o 301,338 km2 , kndxan na sjiqan o yabi kngkingal km2 o niqan 201.1 hiyi, nUntay Ticunghaysing karac. Itari ga sjiqan na o tg5 hbragan na klwaan, sjiqan na o mniq knglangan o ida tg23 hbragan, yasa knsuyang bi qtaan ka nkiya llingay ni egu bi ka Jnrey unhwa yican, kiya ni thnganan knsuyang klwaan(Belpaese).
Ida nniqan sjiqan ni unhwa Owcow ka Itari sayang, hnruan Rwoma unhwa ni Iterasqan unmin. Manu ka pusu alang Rwoma Itari o, ida hini ka cngc cungsin knglangan gqiyan hidaw egu knbkiyan, ida mnpusu alang Rwoma Tikwo uri. Paah wada kghak gqian hidaw ka knlwaan Rwoma Tikwo do, ida yahan krmux eseisil seejiq ka Itari, saw ka seejiq Runpati,seejiq Tungkete dnii Jrmanauncu, bukuy duri o seejiq Noman duri dnii…. Manu ka Paycan Tikwo o mnangal txal dxgal Itari. Bukuy sci 14 do, maa pnyahan unyi fusing ka Itari, manu ka unyi fusing o ida egu bi pnluban na Owcow, kiya ka wada mkala baraw ka lnglungan Owcow.
Itari ga ida paru bi biyax quri saw cngc, unhwa, qesyuey, iryawweysng, tiyu, isu, ssang, cungcyaw, ryawri, teyning, ceyncu, cinci ni inyuey dnii. Ida cinci ni kungyey cungsin Itari ka Miran, qtaan ka citwan patas qrpuhan Cyueyncyow kari cyeyncacuc(Global Language Monitor)o, ida alang knglangan ssang ctu uri ka hiya. Qtaan ka snpgan kana ka snluan ruwan klwaan ni biyax bnrigan pingcya kana snluan ruwan klwaan o, Itari ga tg8 nitg10 knparu cinciti. Itari ga ida pnlalay bi phiyug mnTasiyang kungyuey ni Owmung. Itari ida mncitwan 7 paru kungyeykwo, mncitwan 20 klwaan uri.Itari teumal qrpuhan cincihecwo ni krana, qrpuhan knglangan mawyi, Owcow ihwey, Siow reynmung ni Owvow kmbgurah cungsin(Central European Initiative). Itari ga teumal snkn seyyi, ida mniq knglangan kwofang yuswan hbangan tg9 knran na klwaan ni seupu Heuci Peyyuey. Knririh na qyqaya klwaan hngkawas 2009 siida o ida mnangal tg6 hangal knglangan ka Itari. Itari ga mniq saw yisu,kesyuey ni cisu o ida tna bnsiyaq ka uda nii, bitaq hngkawas 2017 do kana ka qyqaya hnici knglangan, ida hiya ka wada egu balay qyqaya.
Pniyah hangan klwaan(國名來源)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Hangan Itari(Italia) nii ga hnian dha pnaah kari Sira na kari Awsqan (Víteliú), kika dxgal niqan wawa dapa(saw ka kari Rating vitulus “wawa dapa”,kari Unpuriya vitlo”wawa dapa”). Hangan “Itari” nii ga tgkingal smriyu ska bnatas patas empatas Sirwotwote klwaan Sira. Qtaan ka patas empruway ris Antyawqe ka hangan na, seuxal o Italia ksun ga ida wana hunac Itari han, cmiyu hunac Yapingning Pantaw quri saw dKupurutimu(Ratingun:Bruttium, Qarapuriya sayang), ini qbsiyaq do kntnaan dha alang Oenotria Itari qmita da, ida tduwa mduuy rahuq na klealang uri da. Paah hiya do seejiq Sira ga mdudul dmuuy hangan “Itari” nii tmhangan mabang llabang dxgal, kmlawa ka Awkustu bukug siida o, hangan Itari nii ga ida gaga ruwan hiya uri kaYapingning Pantaw.
Ris(歷史)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Sceyn stay bitaq Rwomatikwo(史前時代至羅馬帝國)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ris Itari ga, ana nanaq saw kndadax unhwa uxay uri o knrana sehwey qmita o, ida shjilan bi hangan niya.Paah ruwan klwaan Itari mndaan dha qawku o ida klaan ris nniqan hini, ida tduwa mhraw dhuq yabi brah hngkawas 200,000 Cyosci siida . Ida bnsiyaq ni egu bi ka unhwa Itari, ruwan klwaan ga ida niqan shjilan qmita ka hnici nniqan, saw ka Ratingmu,Twosqana, Unpuriya ni Pasiriqata dnii.
Cungku siida(中古時代)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Bukung Paycanting Tikwo Yowstingnuanyis ga Sci6 siida,babaw mntnais balay kndadax baga seejiq Kete mangal Itari Pantaw do bgurah na seejiq Jrman,seejiq Runpati ga kndadax daya dhuq Itari.Mnuda knbkiyan Sci do, manu ka empsaping Paycanting Tikwo ga ida tduwa lmiwaq biyax seejiq Arapo, Snsng Rwoma Tikwo ni Cyawcung ni phiyug kingal Itari Wangkwo. Kiya ka kiya ni Paycanting Tikwo siida pklug miyah mrmux Yapingning Pantaw ka seejiq Unpati, klwaan na dxgal o wana bi daya Raunna Cungtucyu bbaraw dxgal hiya ni alang gaga kghak hunac klwaan Itari. Itari ga brah Cungku siida, ida yahan lmglug Qarworin Wangcaw,Hwostawfn Wangcaw, kiya ni maa saan gmluk kngkingal biyax cngc.
Unyifusing(文藝復興)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Mnkghak bukuy na cungku siida ka Itari pantaw ksun,maku maa egu bi Itari alang ni klwaan. Mangal hunac pantaw ka Napori Wangkwo, manu ka Forwosa Kunghekwo ni Cyawcungkwo o mngal kska pantaw kiya, mngal daya ni gqiyan hidaw ka Jeneyya ni Miran, manu ka klwaan Weynis ka hraan hidaw. Sci 15 siida ida Itari ka tnegkingal mlglug bi ni mrana bi uda dha mniq Owcow, Unyifusing yuntung ga ida pnaah hini mtutuy.
Hangan Unyifusing nii ga mririh saw gisu “gmbarsah mudus” duri ka egu bi lnglungan gaga rbqan smkun bnatas patas sbiyaw. Duma na sjiqan o msa gmbarsah mudus ga ida pneiyah saw wada shngian ka unmin gqian hidaw, kiya ka kiya ni ida gaga skuan sapah patas Smyaw uxay uri o gaga sapah patas mbiyax ni niqan pila tnsapah(saw ka tnsapah Meytici) ka patas nsbiyaw. Duma sjiqan o msa ida wada pryxan kari kari Ratingun klwaan Israncyaw ka kari Siraun ni kari Arapoun dni wada sdun Itari. Kiya ni kika dmayaw Itari/Owcow unyifusing.
Mneeru balay hngkawas 1348 siida ka Unyiheysping ksun, siida asi elih 1/3 ka sjiqan Itari, alang breenux Itari nii ga mnu da qrinuc nii do priyux dni mtutuy kana ka Cingci ni Mawyi dha uri da, kiya ni mprana ka Jnuncuyi ni Unyifusing uri da. Mnkingal maa pusu bi unhwa gqiyan hidaw, maku lmglug kana ka rahuq na klwaan Owcow ni dbukung,saw ka Tnsapah Feyraraayste ni Tnsapah Forworunsameytici. Forworuns maa pusu bi Itari Unyifusing ga,saw ka Mikayrmngcirow, Taunsi ni Sangterow‧Poti. Hbaraw na Yisucya dha dceyri ga ida gaga gmburah breenux alang kana.
Alang Rwoma ksun ga ida wada ruun bi Unyifusing. Pnryuxan na siida ida paru bi, saw ka snalu Mikayrwoci rwo na qyaan qnabil Sngmu Tungcsyang ni Pociyayuswo. Klaan dha bi Rwoma siida kiya ka cyawcung Yowrius tg2(hngkawas 1503 dhuq 1513) ni lutuc niya bukuy Riaw tg10, Kemin tg7 ni Tnsapah Meytici dnii ka dhuq baraw bi. 20 hngkwasan siida Rwoma ga hiya ka tgparu bi tnekingal na kska Yisu ksun.
Knlwaan isil klwaan ni pnrawah(外國統治與啟蒙 )
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Babaw dxgal Yapingning Pantaw ga klwaan ni kungkwo ksun ga, mnuda kingal sci knteetu ririh murux ni msblbil biyax na kghak sci nukuy do, manu ka bukung Fakwo Caripas ga, paah hngkawas 1494 sida pnrajing uda dha mreemux da, bitaq bi sci 16, maku msgakuk ka Fakwo ni Sipaya da. Hici do Sipanya ga hiya ka mniq kska pnsgdhug Qatwo-Qangpureyci, qulung mangal pklawa Miran kungkwo ni Naporiwangkwo da.
Hngkawas 1700 siida, ida saan bi rmigaw sjiqan ka Itari ksun, siida hbaraw bi seejiq pnaah eseisil, pusu bi o kika pnaah kweycu na Ingkwo. Miyah Fakwo, Itari ni Sira o ida qulung qmita yisu,unhwa ni hncian qyqaya. Manu ka nniqan Pangte ni Hekurannimu sbiyaw o wada slayan hngkawas 1748 siida, hncian sapah Rwoma sbiyaw o wada dha sluan uri da. Hbaraw balay niqan hangan seejiq o, saw ka Kete, Syueyray, Cic ni Payrun dhiya ga ida mnusa rmigaw klwaan Itari kana uri.
Hngkawas 1861 bitaq hngkawas 1946 o Wangkwo siida (王國時期:1861年-1946年)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Phiyug Itari wangkwo siida, pusu bi o ida biyax ndmuuy mincucuyi ni dSafuyi wangcaw kana, kiya ni tduwa phiyug kana ka klwaan Itari pantaw. Prajing han o kika kndadax Sisiritaw na keming hngkawas 1848, rnbulan kana ka Owcow, manu ka Awtiri Tikwo siida o maku msspais dha ka Satingniya Wangkwo uri ni kika mnuda tgkingal murux ppais Itari ksun.
Cyawcungkwo ksun ga ungac brahan kmsiyuk siida wada mphing, wada mnhdu msupu kingal ka klwaan Itari ksun, mnsgul thjil Rwomas ka pusu alang uri da.
Paah bi kmdudul kungyeyhwa ni msayang bi ka daya Itari do, rahuq na hmaan hunac Itari ni daya Itari o saw ka ini skla kndusan da, kiya ni kbkuy kbuhug sjiqan o mquri gisu mdudul kungyey na daya Itari uxay uri o eseisil klwaan thjil kana da.
Yasa Erwoskeming hngkawas 1917 siida, bukuy rnbulan pnspais tgkingal knglangan duri. Hbaraw hari msnarac sexual ni msnanaq seejiq o, yasa meisug Kungcantang ni Sehweycuyi dhiya, mhiyug pspaux Cyuncuc, kiya ni phiyug Kungcancuyi cngcyueyn, kiya ni kmlawa kingal ciway na mnarac cngtang, kika dnudul Mosworini na nklwaan Fasistang.
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Cusepey‧Cyaripoti mnegay na Paru
balay msupu kingal klwaan Itari 朱塞佩·加里波底對義大利統一貢獻巨大 |
1860 | Mquri Rwoma ppais ka Peynitwo‧Mosworini
貝尼托·墨索里尼向羅馬進軍 |
Biyax na Nacwey ksun ga kndadax jiyax 25 idas 4 hngkawas 1945 siida do ida ini eniq Itari da, thurah siida ka biyax Fasis ksun, mnhdu ka knsyukan Itari uri da. Hngkawas 1946 siida, sjiqan Itari ga mnuda kungtow malax cyuncuc ni mhdu ka wangkwo ksun uri da.
Hngkawas 1946 bitaq saying na Kunghekwo siida. (共和國時期:1946年至今)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![]() |
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Ndaan kungmin towpyaw Itari cngti hngkawas 1946 siidaㄡ
(1946年義大利政體公民投票結果) |
Paah hngkawas 1860 siida nklwaan Fakwo na Itari.
(1860年以來法國殖民的義大利) |
Itari ga jiyax 2 idas 6 hngkawas 946 siida, mnuda kungmin towpyaw, hici do wada dha laxan ka cyuncuc ksun. Bukuy wanda laxan hngkawas 1946 ka tgdha skUngpeytwo do, tgtru Weytworiaw Aymanuayray o hiya ka phiyug kunghekwo Itari da. Bukuy jiyax pnuda kungtwo siida do kika jiyax sqarasjiyax klwaan Jiyax Kunghekwo Itari ksun, ida paah siida tduwa teumal towpeyaw uri ka dqrijil da.
Idas 2 hngkawas 2020 siida naqih narux na 2019 sahu narux Kwancwang ga ida wada hmrinas 50000 ka wada reuan narux, kska na hiya o niqan 4800 ka seejiq wada dsan narux nii, ida hbaraw ka niqan hangan seejiq wada reuan uxay uri o wada dsan narux nii. Idas 3, narux nii ga wada hmrinas hnqilan ni maa tgkingal hnbragan mhuqil sjiqan klwaan babaw dxgal.
Tiri(地理)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Hniygan dxgal.
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Dxgal Itari ga pusu bi o paah Talu Owcow wada mrmux saw ramil Ticunghay na Yapingpantaw, mesupu dha dxgal gaga kska babaw gsilung, kiya ka Satingtaw ni Sisiritaw(dhiya okiya ka tgkingal Ticunghay ni tgdha dxgal kska babaw gsilung). Tru gsilung Itari nii ga niqan daya hraan hidaw Yateriyahay, hunac hraan hidaw Iawniyahay, gqian hidaw Tirenianhay, daya gqian hidaw Rikuriyahay.
Ida ddgiyaq Yapingning sanmay ka pusu bi pantaw, mquri gqian daya hidaw yabi 1,000 km do mlutuc ka dha ddgiyaq Arpeyssan. Mtumun na dgiyaq Arpeyssan o kmhabuk daya Itari. Daya Itari ga niqan kingal llabang bi breenux gntuan dxgal. Kika Pohepingyueyn, ida snslian yayung Pohe ni pneiyah Ddgiyaq Arpeys, ddgiyaq Yapingning ni ddgiyaq Tworwomiti dnii egu qsiya ayug. Rahuq na niqan hangan yayung o saw ka Taypohe, Aticehe ni Arnwohe dnii.
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sasing Weysing Itari 義大利的衛星照片 | Lxanan sapah Pufurchaymu gaga ayug
dgiyaq Sringciya Itari 義大利斯靈吉亞山谷中已荒廢的普福爾茨海姆房舍 |
Karac(氣候)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Collage_fauna_italiana.jpg/220px-Collage_fauna_italiana.jpg)
Ida egu klgan ka karac Itari, duma nniqan o yabi ini ktna dha saw karac Ticunghay. Daya Itari o msaw karac nTalu ni mrusaw ni mtalux karac( mangal smasug karac Qpun), saw ka Turin, Miran ni Porungna dnii. Mssiyaw na gsilung Rikuriya egu bi hunac Forworunsa na Itari Pantaw o snegaaw Ticunghay ka karac niya. Manu ka karac mssiyaw gsilung pantaw o ida qmita knbaraw na ni brnxan na kpriyux ka karac dha. Bowqax nniqan o ida mskuy bi ka misan, mrusaw ni thuda balay ka karac. Mssiyaw gsilung o muxul ka misan , manu ka rbagan o ida mdngu balay ka karac, breenux na ayug o ida mtalux bi ka karac na.
Kndkilan(生態)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Itari ga ida hiya ka egu bi kndkilan Owcow ni Ticunghay punti ticyu klwaan. Niqan hari 5,500 klgan ka hnruan saw Weykwansu cwu. Dhuq hngkawas 2004 do manu ka snkuan Weykwansu cwu Inhan o niqan 6,759 klgan ka bnatas da. (Nasi spuun smpug ka uxay Weykwansu cwu o ida niqan 9,000 klgan ka hmnru, hiya ka wada mangal mdka klgan hmnru Owcow). Itari ga mniq Owcow o ssamac niya o snegaaw malu, kana o hmrinas 57,000 klgan(hmrinas nOwcow na 1/3 ka ssamac). Yasa gaga mniq hunac hari ka Itari, gaga qrigan Ticunghay uri. Niqan 8,000 km kbragan ka ssiyaw gsilung, gaga mniq kska Ticunghay na Yapingning pantaw, kiya ni maa Cungow ni Peyfey na kksaan. Itari ga ida niqan ka klgan Parkan pantaw, Owya Talu ni Cungtung uri.
Cngc(政治)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Cngc ruwan klwaan(國內政治)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Seynsing Seynfa na Itari o ida pprngagan jiyax 22 idas 12 hngkawas 1947. Tndhugan Seynfa Itari ga pnhyugan babaw rawtung mincuk.
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Qaysakung o sapah Cungri Itari.
(凱薩宮是義大利總理府) |
Kweyrinakung o nniqan Cungtung Itari.
(奎里納爾宮是義大利總統的官邸) |
Waycyaw(外交)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Itari o Owcow Kungtungti, ida pusu pnhiyug Owcow Reynmung uri. Hngkawas 1955 siida teumal Reynhekwo ka Itari, ida Qpruhan Peytasiyang kungyuey(NATO), qpruhan Cingci Hecwo ni Prana(OECD), Kwanswey ni Mawyi Cungseyting/qpruhan Mawyi knglangan(GATT/WTO), Qpruhan Owcow Ancyueyn ni Hecwo(OSCE), Owcow weyyueynhwey ni qpruhan Cungow Cangyicuc(Central European Initiative)ka Itari ni pusu bi pqlahang na. Snduray balay ida mnriyux pusu bi rmngaw kari Kwoci cuck a Itari, kana ka saw brah hngkawas 1994 mnuda pusu rmngaw Owan cuc na Owcow anyueyn cuc(CSCE), mspac paru kungyeykwo ni Owmung na pusu pprngaw kari.
Neasug dxgal singcng(行政區劃)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu sbatas:neasug dxgal singcng Itari.
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Itari saying oqan empusal nniqan(regione), kska na o niqan rima nniqan ni pklawa dhiya nanaq, klwaan Itari ga tduwa masug 110 Sng(province)ni 8,100 na Scng(comuni) ksun.
Puriya(普利亞) | Sisiri(西西里) | Apurucwo(阿布魯佐) | Maqay(馬凱) |
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Pasiriqata(巴西利卡塔) | Morisay(莫利塞) | Raciow(拉吉歐) | Twosqani(托斯卡尼) |
Qarapuriya(卡拉布里亞) | Qanpaniya(坎帕尼亞) | Unpuriya(溫布利亞) | Satingniya(薩丁尼亞) |
Aymiriya-Rwomaney(艾米利亞-羅馬涅) | Rikuriya(利古里亞) | Piaymungte(皮埃蒙特) | Foriuri(佛里烏利) |
Weyniscuriya(威尼斯朱利亞) | Warayta(瓦萊達) | Awsta(奧斯塔) | Nantirwo(南提洛) |
Teruntwo(特倫托) | Weynis(威尼托) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sassari_Brigade_on_patrol%2C_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-Sassari_Brigade_on_patrol%2C_Afghanistan.jpg)
Cyuns(軍事)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ucwang putwey Itari ga nCungtung Itari ka mdudul pusu bi kwofang weyyueynhwey. Hngkawas 2008 siida Itari ga ida tduwa pskagul empsaping 186,798 ni Seynping 114,778 seejiq. Itari ga hngkawas 2007 siida mnduuy 331 hpucing Meycin mniq hbangan kwofang, niqan hari GDP1.8%. Yasa nPeytasyang kungyueycuc ka hiya, kiya ni uuda Heucikungyow ga, ida niqan 90 heuci na msaping Ameyrika uri, gaga psaan Ketitwori ni Aweyyanwo qungcyunciti.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dardo_2.jpg/220px-Dardo_2.jpg)
Rucyun(陸軍)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Rucyun Itari ga ida nItari Kunghekwo na ucwang putwey dxgal. Hngkawas 2008 siida Rucyun Itari ga ida niqan 109,703 empsaping qmpah. Kska meuda teumal Reynhekwo ni pslutuc heping, niqan hari hangan na qyqaya o niqan rulu mdka kuluk dmai, Tanke C1balas miric ni skaya sapah Akusta A129 rqbux ucwang skaya sapah, ida teumal Reynhekwo uri ka snduray. Rucyun Itari ga ida niqan egu bi Tanke ngiyaw rklic ni rulu kuluk M113 uri.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Cavour_%28550%29.jpg/220px-Cavour_%28550%29.jpg)
haycyun(海軍)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ida snpuan spac klgan Ucwang puywey Itari ka Haycyun Itari ksun, pnhyugan hankawas 1946, brah han o Hwangcya Haycyun Itari(Regia Marina) ka hangan niya. Haycyun Itari saying o niqan 43,882 hiyi ni klgan asu, saw ka asu Hangqungmuceyn, asu pqliwaq cyucuceyn, asu pqlahang Huweyceyn, asu trbuq Ceynceyn, asu dha pspais Ryangcikungciceyn ni rahuq na dciway asu, saw ka asu mpqqur quri hayyang
Qungcyun(空軍)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Qungcyun Itari ga ida n bukung Itari Weytwokwoaw‧Tgtru Aymanuayray siida mangal hangan Hwangcyaqungcyun Itari(Regia Aeronautica), ida murux nanaq klgan saping, pnhyugan jiyax 28 idas 3 hngkawas 1923. Mnhdu kappais tgdha knglangan do, bukuy mnuda kungmin towpeyaw dni, kika Qungcyun Itari ksun ka hangan niya da.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ejercicio_Dissimilar_Air_Combat_Training_-_DACT_2017_-_Base_A%C3%A9rea_de_Gando_%2832765109225%29.jpg/220px-Ejercicio_Dissimilar_Air_Combat_Training_-_DACT_2017_-_Base_A%C3%A9rea_de_Gando_%2832765109225%29.jpg)
Seynping(憲兵)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Seynping Itari ksun o niqan Seynping klwaan ni Seynping putwey, murug gaya Itari ni kmlawa qpruhan saping ni kungmin. Seynping Itari ga ida niqan nanaq uuda dha ini ktna, dhiya o niqan nanaq qpahun dha. Nasi pklawa mdungus ka uuda o asi ka pklaun ka Neycngpu. Hngkawas 2004 tg30 G8 kska sslian pprngaw siida, manu ka Seynping Itari ga asi ka phiyug kingal suyang sslian Seynping, ptgsa pteumal kwoci weyhe hici na mins keysacu.
Cingci(經濟)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Valentino_black_dresses.jpg/220px-Valentino_black_dresses.jpg)
Snpuan matas(綜述)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Qtaan ka bnatas patas GDP kwoci hwopi cicin o, Ida mnangal tg7 paru hangan cingciti hngkawas 2008 siida ka Itari, smnegul bi bukuy Ameyrika, Cungkwo, Tanah Tunux, Tekwo, Ingkwo ni Fakwo. Ida gaga mniq spac kska Owcow cingciti uri, ida qpruhan 8 klwaan ni Owcow reynmung uri ka hiya. niqan bi bowqax tnyugan patas knrana seejiq ka Itari, tg28 ka hangan na mniq knglangan, wada hmrinas Sira. Snkuan Hangcing o niqan 2,451.8 kungtun, tg4 ka hangan na mniq knglangan, smnegul bukuy qpruhan kwoci hwopi cicincuc, Ameyrika ni Tekwo, hmrinas Fakwo ni Cungkwo. Manu ka cingci cpuncuyi Itari ga snpuan paah daya paru na nseejiq nanaq kungyey mrana ni hunac nkiya na nungyey.
Knrana na Itari ga paah hngkawas 1964 hmnrinas 8%, kiya ka kiya ni brah10 hngkawas nii o, wada mlih dhuq 1.23%, gaga truma Owmung 2.28%. Ida thnganan dha Owcow pingfu uri ka Itari,yasa thuway bi mrana ka cingci niya, hruhaw ka cngc ni egu bi ini klai ka uuda kayke ksun. Daya ni hunac kndusan seejiq Itari o ida niqan paru bi qangaw, seejiq gaga mniq daya Itari o ida hmrinas Owmung ka mnangal dha ni snbliqan dha kingal hngkwasan, saw ka Porcanow ccsng o, hngkawas 2006 siida kana ka kngkingal hiyi o qulung dhuq o 32,900 Owyueyn(yabi 43,861meyyueyn) ka GDP dha, ida Owmung Reynmung na 135.5%). Kiya ka kiya ni duma nniqan ni hunac Itari Sngfen o ida ini dhuq saw Owung ka kndusan dha kida.Saw ka Qanpaniya, GDP kngkingal hiyi wana bi 16,294 Owyueyn ka knsblyaqan dha, yabi 21,722Meyyueyn.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Banca_d%27Italia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/220px-Banca_d%27Italia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg)
Spun qmita ka mngntna hari ciciti o, ida ini kpiya ka kungs mqangaw knglangan wah. Mririh na biyax cingci Itari o, kiya ka ska ni ciway na ciyey. Kska na hiya o duma saw ska ni ciway na ciyey ga, ida ini bsai ksuyang ka snalu qyqaya, qmita saw Riciscang bsaan dha nganguc ni mkray na qyqaya. Kiya ni ini baka pneiyah Cungkwo ni duma pnrajing mhiyug klwaan Yacow ka pnspung na, ida tduwa mhnuk bbarig mntna qyqaya dh aka dhiya.
Kungyey (工業)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Kungyey Itari ga ida mrana bi, malu kana ka snalu qyqaya ni paru ka qpahan dha uri, hiya uri ka 7 paru kungyeykwo gqiyan hidaw hiya.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Vista_da_Villa_Rufolo_-_1_%289704341704%29.jpg/220px-Vista_da_Villa_Rufolo_-_1_%289704341704%29.jpg)
Ryuyowey(旅遊業)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ryuyowyey ga kika ini biyaw mkala ni niqan balay ngalan hbangan qqpahun, yabi niqan 4,370 hiyi emprigaw ka miyah rmigaw Itari, kiya ni madas 4,270 hpucing hbangan miyah. Itari ga hiya ka mangal tg5 hnbragan seejiq miyah rmigaw klwaan na, mnangal dha hbangan o mangal tg4 hangan na mniq knglangan.Ryuyowyey Itari ga ana nanaq kska hngkawas 1980 siida mspais ka Poswan ni mlih ka emprigaw, ida bukuy kska hngkawas 1990 do mdudul miyah duri. Egu balay saan rmigaw seejiq o kiya ka Rwoma cingcicang(kingal hngkwasan o niqan 4,000,000 hiyi ka miyah rmigaw, tg39 knegu na mniq knglangan) ni nniqan Pangpey sbiyaw(kingal hngkwasan o niqan 2,500,000 hiyi ka miyah rmigaw, tg48 knegu na mniq knglangan)
rhngun spusa ni meiyah(進出口)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu bi qyqaya miyah Itari o kika aruk btunux, nkiya ssalu ni snalu uuqun.
Quri pnsaan eseisil klwaan o ida Itari ka tg8 pusa eseisil klwaan. Qtaan ka bnatas patas Sceymawyicuc o pnsaan eseisil klwaan qyqaya Itari o, hngkawas 2007 siida kana o niqan 491,507,000,000 meyyueyn, Sangey ni Fuwuyey o 118,261,000,000 meyyueyn. Pusu bi spusa eseisil klwaan qyqaya o kika cingmi cisey, rulu, Hwakung ni qiqaya Teync. Kiya ka kiya niqan bi hangan qyqaya psaan eseisil klwaan o, ida uuqun ni lklukus. Pleelug karac baraw ni qyqaya pklaw ni puniq o, ida kiya kaniqan bi hangan qyqaya psaun eseisil klwaan. Ida pusu bi psaun eseisil klwaan nungyey ka Itari, ciyikwo, putaw(8,519,418 Tun) ni cawseynci(469,980Tun)ga , kika paru bi psaun eseisil klwaan ni mnhuma klwaan. Hngkawas 2005 siida snalu sinaw putaw o yabi 1/5 kana ka knglangan.
Sehwey(社會)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![]() |
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義大利女兵 empsaping qrijil Itari | 索非婭·羅蘭是世界上最
著名的義大利女演員之一 Swofeyya‧Rworan o niqan bi hangan qrijil yenyueyn knglangan uri |
Niqan bi brihan hangan klwaan Itari o kika hngkawas 2009 siida, mnangal tg6 hangan knglangan( snegul bukuy Fakwo, Tekwo, Ingkwo, Cyanata ni Tanah Tunux, hmrinas Amirika, Jweys, Awtariya, Jweyteyn ni Sipanya), mkala hngkawas 2008 tg9 ka knsuyang na. Itari ga hngkawas 2009 siida manu ka hangan na ryuyow ga mangal tg1, hangan na unhwa o mangal tg2, hangan na seejiq o mnangal tg3, hangan tnhjilan seejiq o mnangal tg9.
sjiqan(人口)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Italy-demography2006est.png/220px-Italy-demography2006est.png)
Sjiqan Itari ga mnhdu ka hngkawas 2008 siida do, ida hmrinas 6,000 kbuhug hiyi ka seejiq, saying do mniq kana ka Owmung o tg4 hnbragan na, mniq knglangan o tg23 hnbragan klwaan. Mitu sjiqan Itari o niqan 199.2 hiyi ka kingal km, mniq Owmung o tg5. Daya Itari o kika paru bi mitu niya, knlabang niya o niqan 1/3 kana ka klwaan, sjiqan niya o niqan 50% kana ka klwaan.ese Bitaq hngkawas 2009 do, seejiq ruwan klwaan Itari o niqan saw truma nii, Owcow(53.5%), Feycow(22.3 %), Yacow(15.8%), Meycow(8.1%)ni Tayangcow(0.06%). Kndadax eseisil seejiq mniq Itari ga saw truma nii. Niqan 87.3% ka gaga mniq daya ni ska Itari( mnara bi ka cingci hini), wana 12.8% ka gaga mniq hunac pataw.
eseisil klwaan cyawmin Itari(義大利海外僑民)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Mulberry_Street_NYC_c1900_LOC_3g04637u_edit.jpg/220px-Mulberry_Street_NYC_c1900_LOC_3g04637u_edit.jpg)
Bukuy hngkawas 1860 siida msupu kana ka klwaan Itari da, ini qbsiyaq do maa kingal paru bi tmhjil ka klwaan Itari.
Kari(語言)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Kari Itari(義大利語 )
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Kari kleegan seejiq niqan kari Arpaniya, kari Cyatayrungniya, kari Kerowaysiya, kari Faranke- Purowwangs, kari Fakwo, kari Foriuri, kari Tekwo, kari Sira, kari Ratng, kari Awke, kari Satingniya ni kari Srwoweyniya. Hngkawas 1999 pnkla kingal gaya,ida balay bi niqan 12 klgan ka kari klwaan, duri ni qlhangun dha.
Sehwey ceyci(社會階級)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Sehwey Itari ga niqan dha klgan sehwey ceyci. Sehwey Itari ga snakun ccang ceyci, payring cnngcan ceyci,ciway cnngcan ceyci, alang tmdxgal ciway cnngcan ceyci, empqpah ceyci alang breenux ni alang tmdxgal empqpah ceyci
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Linguistic_map_of_the_Italian_language.svg/220px-Linguistic_map_of_the_Italian_language.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Collage_chiese_italiane_2.jpg/220px-Collage_chiese_italiane_2.jpg)
shiyun (宗教)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]● Snhiyi niqan kaTeyncu.
● Snhiyi niqan ka utux uxay uri o biyax knudus.
● Ini snhiyi Teyncu, utux uri o biyax knudus.
Cyawtung(交通)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ppanan cyawtung Itari ga hngkawas 2004 siida 1,194 hpucing Owyueyn ka mnangal hbangan, 153,700 ciey kana o mduuy 935,700 hiyi mqpah. Kaji cyawtung klwaan Itari hngkawas 2002 siida kana bnragan 668,721 km, kska nii o 6,487 km o ida seejiq nanaq ka muda Kwoyow situng. Hngkawas 2005 yabi 34,667,000 rulu(1,000 hiyi o niqan 590 rulu) ni duma na 4,015,000 rulu gaga kaji cyawtung klwaan.
kungkung fuwu(公共服務)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]ttgsa(教育)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![]() |
瓦倫蒂諾城堡,位於杜林理工大學校園內
Waruntinwo cngpaw, gaga ruwan sapah pyasan paru Turinrikung |
Kungkung ttgsa Itari ga ini angal pila, Yiwu ttgsa o kndadax 6 – 14 hngkwasan, pyasan ciway o 5 hngkawas, pyasan kska o 8 hngkawas, snakun tg1 sduman slhayan( tgrajing pyasan kska) ni tg2 sduman slhayan(tgbaraw pyasan kska). Ida niqan knsuyang kungkung ttgsa ka Itari, hmrinas duma saw mtna na mprana na klwaan, saw ka Ingkwo ni Tekwo. Itari ga ida niqan spuan ni nseejiq nanaq na ttgsa situng.
Ida niqan ana mnmanu sapah pyasan tgbaraw ka Itari. Pyasan paru Keponi gaga Miran, Hwarcey jpaw ga bnatas saw tg20 knmalu knglangan ka Sangsyuey na, kika Kungsang kwanri Swospan syueycng niya.Hngkawas 2007 bnatas ka paru qmangaw klwaan kungs, mniying kingal nanaq mnhdu muyas na empuyaspatas o tg17 knglangan. Rahuq na do manu ka Fupus o mniq brihan hbangan o bqanan tg1 hangan ka sapah pyasan Keponi. Idas 5 hngkawas 2008, kska hangan singcng ttgsa o, mniq kska “cinjung spaw” o ida hmrinas duma na knsyangan sangsyuey ka Keponi, mniq Owcow o mangal hangan tg5, mniq knglangan o mangal tg15 hangan.
Tungsyun(通訊)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Itari ga ida niqan mssayang na qnawal ni sucyu fuwu
Meyti(媒體)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Tg1 nanaq tribi meyti Itari ga pnrajing hngkawas 1939, siida prajing muda pgarang kari. Saw pgarang kari nii ga ida ini kbsiyaq. Paah bi bukuy teumal tg2 mspais knglangan ka Fasis cngfu Itari do, kana katungsyun o wada stqan kana, bitaq bukuy mnhdu ppais 9 hngkawas(hngkawas 1954) do kika balay bi duri. Niqan dha ka hbaraw bi mduuy pusu bi kaji tribi klwaan. Kingal o nklwaan kungs pgarang tribi Itari, kingal o Mediaset(pnhiyug brah na Sirweyaw. Peyruskeni cungri Itari sangey wangru).
nyucyueyn(女權)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Dqrijil ni dsnaw o ida mtna niqan pingtng cyueynri dha, mtna niqan qpahun, cyey ni musa muyas patas.Duma seejiq Itari o mduuy nkiya na cuyi seejiq o (mniq hunac) ida dha ini sprui qmita ka dqrijil,kiya ka kiya ni nyucyueyn Itari ga ida tduwa msupu egu gqian hidaw klwaan.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Sicilia_Isola_Bella-Beach_View.jpg/220px-Sicilia_Isola_Bella-Beach_View.jpg)
kndusan kjiyax(日常生活)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Gaya Itari ni kndusan dha ga, yasa mnuda tg2 ppais knglangan wada kpriyux egu bi, paah kingal nkiya nungyey sehwey, maa kingal mrana ni msayang na klwaan
gygaya(禮儀)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Gygaya Itari ga ida tduwa mtna rrihan gaya dhaOwcow. Msdangi ka siida iyux pkrawah ni msnhiyi hyaan nanaq, msbalay ka lnkusan(meysing cuyi) o ida spruun bi, kika mangal malu hangan. Ida smparu bi quri meekan nhapuy ka seejiq Itari, kiya ni tluung uqan o smparu dha bi qmita.
mnuda naqih(犯罪)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pnaah Sisiritaw na Heysowtang ga ida mleelug sehwey Itari, ida asi kleelug 22% seejiq Itari ni mnangal 14.6 % ruwan klwaan, Cungri Itari Sirweyaw. Peyruskeni o tna dha gaga cyugan ni msupu dha qpruhan naqih ndaan uri da.
sngayan kungkung(公共假日)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]日期 | 中文名稱 | 當地名稱 | 說明 |
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1月1日 | jiyax tg1 | Capodanno | |
1月6日 | smiyan cuseyn | Epifania | |
4月25日 | jiyax mmalax | Festa della Liberazione | |
5月1日 | smiyan rawtung | Festa dei Lavoratori | |
6月2日 | jiyax kunghekwo | Festa della Repubblica | |
8月15日 | smiyan idas 8/ jiyax skala Sngmu | Ferragosto與Assunzione | |
11月1日 | smiyan Cusng | Ognissanti or Tutti i santi | |
12月8日 | jiyax Sngmu ungac mru yueyn cwey canri | Immacolata Concezione(或Immacolata) | |
12月25日 | smiyan Sngtan | Natale | |
12月26日 | smiyan Sngstifn | Santo Stefano |
lnglingay(環境)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Acqua_Alta_sur_la_place_Saint_Marc_%C3%A0_Venise_%288091188816%29.jpg/220px-Acqua_Alta_sur_la_place_Saint_Marc_%C3%A0_Venise_%288091188816%29.jpg)
Bukuy mnbiyax mrana ka kungyey do, ida mnbsiyaq bi miying pskmalu lnglingay nniqun ka cngfu Itari. Mneegu bi kpriyux naqih na uda do, manu ka pslutuc kndkilan nkiya o wada mangal tg84 hangan ka Itari da. Rnciqan sknxun bgihur o ida pusu bi Itari, quri saw egu hari kungyey na daya Itari,pnsaan co2 kungyey ga hngkawas 1990 siida, dhuq tg10 knbaraw na(kingal seejiq o 7.03 tun) . Quri saw co o mniq ruwan Itari o paah gkawas h1985 bitaq h ngkawas 1989 o mrana 12% ka pnsaan na nganguc.
Unhwa(文化)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/PiazzadelCampoSiena.jpg/220px-PiazzadelCampoSiena.jpg)
Bitaq hngkawas 1861 do msupu kingal klwaan ka Itari, kiya ni mnniq Itari pantaw cngti na ris, unda kiya ni uuda yisu o ida wada bqanan ruwan Itari kana da. ana nanaq saw murux mud aka cngc ni gaya sehwey dhini o, manu ka quri ris ni unhwa Itari o ida paru ni egu bi. Itari sayang ga niqan 53 ka hncian knglangan, ida Itari ka egu bi hncian qyqaya knglanga klwaan. Kana ka Itari o yabi niqan 100,000 hari lmlamu hnciyan qyqaya(Powukwan, Kungteyn, pnhiyugan sapah, teykung, prhulan, sqyaan rnisuh yisu,peysu, smriyu qsiya, ris pnhiyugan sapah ni hncian qapal sbiyaw)
Pnhyugan sapah(建築)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ida smnalu egu bi ini ktna pnhiyugan sapah bnsyaqan ris Itari, paah msbiyaw bitaq Sira, Ketes, unyi fusing, Parwoke, bgurah msbiyaw cuyi, bgurah yisu fungke bitaq knxalan sayang. Ruwan hini ga ida niqan ka malu hangan pnhiyugan sapah, saw ka Wansngteyn, Towsowcang, Pisaseyta, Teynyey kwangcang, prhulan Miran cucyawcwo, Sngmu payhwateyn, Weynitwo na Paratiaws peysu(Ville palladiane), Sngmutateyn, Awr peysu(Villa Olmo) ni Piayri tasya(Pirelli Tower).
Kungteyn(宮殿)
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伊斯特別墅(Villa d'Este)
Peysu Yiste |
Unsyuey文學)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Inyuey(音樂)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Valentinowhitedresses.jpg/220px-Valentinowhitedresses.jpg)
lklujus siida(時裝)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ida wada bsiyaq bi ris na knrana na ka lklukus siida Itari da, ida pkluun balay qmita knglangan uri, pktnaan bi qmita Fakwo, Amirika, Ingkwo ni Tanah Tunux. Miran, Forworuns ni Rowma o ida dnii ka pusu bi saan pqita lklukus siida Itari. Manu ka Napori ,Turin, Weynis, Porungna, Jenaya ni Weycinca o nduma saan pqita lklukus siida kiya.
Seci(設計)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu sbatas:Seci nItari
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Mniq saw quri ruwan seci ga ida klaan dha balay, saw ka seci ruwan sapah, seci phiyug sapah, seci kungyey. Ida niqan ka niqan bi hangan na psruway seci qyqaya sapah, saw ka Ciaw.pungti(Giò Ponti)ni Aytworey.Swotesas(Ettore Sottsass). Duma na kari Itari ga saw ka “Bel Disegno ni Linea Italiana’ ida wada maa kari seci qyqaya sapah uri da.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Eq_it-na_pizza-margherita_sep2005_sml.jpg/220px-Eq_it-na_pizza-margherita_sep2005_sml.jpg)
uuqun ni mahun (飲食)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Uqun ni mahun Itari ga ida pnluban dha bnsyaqan na cngc ni kpriyux kaa sehwey, manu ka ris o ida tduwa brinah miying dhuq sci 4 siida. Bgurah na Talu sayang tduwa ida gaga lglugan paru bi ka sshapuy dha, duma na ssama o tduwa mangal, kska na o niqan tomato, bunga qurug, sqmu ni u si. Kiya ka kiya ni pusu bi sshapuy Itari o dhuq bukuy sci 18 do, kika mdudul qtaan ka pnrnaan dha da.