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Jimmy Carter

Ishoratlarni tahrirla
Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Jimmy Carter

Official portrait, 1978
President of the United States
Mansab davri
January 20, 1976 – January 20, 1980
Vitse-prezident Walter Mondale
Oʻtmishdoshi Gerald Ford
Vorisi Ronald Reagan
Mansab davri
January 14, 1963 – January 9, 1967
Oʻtmishdoshi District established
Vorisi Hugh Carter
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlari
Tavalludi
James Earl Carter Jr.

1-oktyabr1924-yil(1924-10-01)(99 yosh)
Plains, Georgia,U.S.
Siyosiy partiyasi Democratic
Turmush oʻrtogʻi
Rosalynn Smith(turm.1946)
Bolalari 4, includingJackandAmy
Ota-onasi
Qarindoshlari Turkum:Carter family
Istiqomat joy(lar)i Plains, Georgia
Taʼlim United States Naval Academy(BS)
Mukofotlari Full list
Harbiy mukofotlari

Kichik Jeyms Erl Karter(1924-yil 1-oktabrda tavvallud topgan) — amerikalik siyosatchi va insonparvar, 1976-1980-yillardaQoʻshma Shtatlarning 39-prezidentiboʻlib i.Demokratik partiyaa'zosi, 1971-yildan 1975-yilgacha Gruziyaning 76-gubernatori, 1963 yildan 1967-yilgacha Jorjiya shtati senatori bo'lib ishlagan.

Karter Jorjiya shtatining Plains shahrida tug'ilib o'sgan; 1946-yilda AQSh dengiz akademiyasini tamomlagan; va AQSh dengiz flotining suv osti xizmatiga qo'shildi. Shundan so'ng u uyiga qaytib, u yerda oilasining yeryong'oqchilik biznesini tikladi. Keyin u irqiy segregatsiyaga qarshi ekanligini ko'rsatdi, o'sib borayotgan fuqarolik huquqlari harakatini qo'llab-quvvatladi vaDemokratik partiyaningfaoliga aylandi. U 1963-yildan 1967-yilgacha Jorjiya shtati senatida, keyin esa 1971-yildan 1975- yilgacha Gruziya gubernatori lavozimida ishlagan. Jorjiyadan tashqarida taniqli bo'lmaganqora tanlinomzod sifatida Karter Demokratik nomzodlikni qo'lga kiritdi va 1976 yilgi AQSh prezidentlik saylovlarida amaldagirespublikachiprezidentJerald Fordnideyarli mag'lub etdi.

Hayotning boshlang'ich davri

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A rural storehouse with a small windmill next to it
Carter oilaviy do'koni, Carter's Boyhood Farmning bir qismi, Plains, Jorjiya

Kichik Jeyms Erl Karter 1924-yil 1-oktyabrda Jorjiya shtatining Plains shahrida, onasi ro'yxatdan o'tgan hamshira bo'lib ishlagan Wise sanatoriysida tug'ilgan.[1]Shunday qilib, Karter shifoxonada tug'ilgan ilk Amerika prezidenti bo'ldi.[2]U Bessi Lillian Gordi va Jeyms Erl Karterning to'ng'ich o'g'li edi[3]: 70 Karter ingliz muhojiri Tomas Karterning avlodi boʻlib, u 1635-yilda Virjiniya koloniyasida qoʻnim topgan[4]Karterlarning ko'p avlodlari Jorjiyada paxta dehqonlari sifatida yashagan.[5]Plains Karter tug'ilgan paytda 600 kishidan iborat bo'lgan shahar edi. Uning otasi muvaffaqiyatli mahalliy tadbirkor bo'lib, u umumiy do'konni yuritgan va qishloq xo'jaligiga investor bo'lgan.[6]Karterning otasi ilgariBirinchi jahon urushipaytida AQSh armiyasining chorakmaster korpusida zaxiradagi ikkinchi leytenant bo'lib xizmat qilgan.[6]

Ta'lim

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Karter 1937-yildan 1941-yilgacha Plains o'rta maktabida o'qidi va o'n birinchi sinfni tugatdi, chunki maktabda o'n ikkinchi sinf yo'q edi.[7]O'sha vaqtga kelib, Archery va Plains Buyuk Depressiya tufayli qashshoqlashdi, ammo oila Yangi Deal dehqonchilik subsidiyalaridan foyda ko'rdi va Karterning otasi jamoa etakchisi lavozimini egalladi.[8][9]Karterning o'zi o'qishni yaxshi ko'radigan tirishqoq talaba edi.[10]: 8 [11]Mashhur bir latifada aytilishicha, u do'stlari bilan maktabni tashlab, shahar markaziga shoshilinch ravishda sayohat qilganidan keyin valediktorlikka topshirilgan. Karterning darsdan qochgani haqida mahalliy gazetada aytib o'tilgan, garchi u aks holda valediktor bo'lishi aniq emas.[12]O'smirlik chog'ida Karter Plains High School basketbol jamoasida o'ynagan, shuningdek, "Amerikaning Kelajak Fermerlari" ga qo'shilgan va bu unga butun umri davomida yog'ochga ishlov berishga qiziqishni rivojlantirishga yordam bergan.[12]

Karter uzoq vaqtdan beri Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasida o'qishni orzu qilgan edi.[8]1941-yilda u Jorjiya shtatining Amerikus yaqinidagi Jorjiya janubi-g'arbiy kollejida muhandislik bo'yicha bakalavriat kurslarini boshladi.[13]: 1999-yil  keyingi yili u Atlantadagi Jorjiya Texnologiya Institutiga o'tdi, u yerda fuqarolik huquqlari belgisi Bleyk Van Lir prezident edi.[14]1943-yilda u Harbiy-dengiz akademiyasiga qabul qilindi va 1946-yilda bakalavr darajasini oldi[10]:19 38-yil  u yaxshi talaba edi, lekin akademiyaning birinchi kurs talabalarini tajovuzkorona tahqirlash madaniyatidan farqli o'laroq, o'zini tutashgan va sokin deb bilardi.[3]: 1962-yil  akademiyada Karter singlisi Rutning do'sti Rozalin Smitni sevib qoldi.[15]Ular 1946-yilda o‘qishni tamomlagandan so‘ng ko‘p o‘tmay turmush qurishdi[16]U dengiz floti Midshipmen uchun sprint futbolchi edi.[17]Karter 1947-yil[lower-alpha 1]sinfida 821 michman orasida 60-o'rinni fan bakalavri darajasi bilan tugatdi va praporshrik lavozimiga tayinlandi.[19]

Manbalar

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  1. ↑Godbold, Jr., E. Stanly.Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter: The Georgia Years, 1924-1974.Oxford University Press, 2010 — 9 bet.ISBN9780199779628.
  2. ↑Bourne, pp. 11–32.
  3. ↑3,03,1Kaufman, Diane.Historical dictionary of the Carter era.Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2013.ISBN978-0-8108-7968-3.OCLC834614686.Kaufman, Diane; Kaufman, Scott (2013).Historical dictionary of the Carter era.Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.ISBN978-0-8108-7968-3.OCLC834614686.Manba xatosi: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Kaufman-2013" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑Carter, Jeff.Ancestors of Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter.Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co, 2012 — 10 bet.ISBN978-0-7864-8954-1.OCLC802261814.
  5. ↑Bourne, p. 9.
  6. ↑6,06,1Bourne, p. 114.
  7. ↑„Plains High School (U.S. National Park Service) “(en).NPS.Qaraldi: 2022-yil 17-iyul.
  8. ↑8,08,1Hamilton, Neil A..Presidents: a biographical dictionary,2, New York: Facts On File, 2005 — 334 bet.ISBN978-1-4381-0816-2.OCLC234178908.Hamilton, Neil A. (2005).Presidents: a biographical dictionary(2 ed.). New York: Facts On File. p. 334.ISBN978-1-4381-0816-2.OCLC234178908.Manba xatosi: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Hamilton-2005" defined multiple times with different content
  9. ↑Hayward, Steven F..The Real Jimmy Carter: How Our Worst Ex-president Undermines American Foreign Policy, Coddles Dictators, and Created the Party of Clinton and Kerry..Washington DC: Regnery Publishing, 2004.ISBN978-1-59698-278-9.OCLC836407503.„Earl may not have voted for FRD again, but he was not above receiving several New Deal agricultural subsidies as the Depression wore on “
  10. ↑10,010,1Hobkirk, Lori.James Earl Carter: our thirty-ninth president.Chanhassen, Minn.: Child's World, Inc, 2002.ISBN1-56766-873-9.OCLC45024331.Hobkirk, Lori (2002).James Earl Carter: our thirty-ninth president.Chanhassen, Minn.: Child's World, Inc.ISBN1-56766-873-9.OCLC45024331.Manba xatosi: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Hobkirk-2002" defined multiple times with different content
  11. ↑Shafik, Aasef.Global peace lovers.Authorhouse, 2008 — 167 bet.ISBN9781438937809.OCLC1033641928.
  12. ↑12,012,1Bourne, pp. 33–43.
  13. ↑Panton, Kenneth J..[[[:Andoza:GBurl]] Historical dictionary of the United States],Lanham, 2022.ISBN978-1-5381-2419-2.OCLC1295808727.
  14. ↑„Jimmy Carter “(en).www.gtalumni.org.
  15. ↑Inventing a voice: the rhetoric of American first ladies of the twentieth century,Molly Meijer Wertheimer, Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2004 — 343 bet.ISBN0-7425-2970-3.OCLC835122766.
  16. ↑Bourne, pp. 44–55.
  17. ↑Hingston, Sandy.„Why This Princeton Football Team Won't Be Suiting Up Next Season “.Philadelphia(2016-yil 24-aprel). 2016-yil 6-noyabrda asl nusxadanarxivlangan.Qaraldi: 2016-yil 5-noyabr.
  18. ↑Argetsinger, Amy.„THE CLASS OF THE NAVAL ACADEMY HAS 50TH REUNION “(1996-yil 5-iyun). Qaraldi: 2023-yil 4-mart.
  19. ↑Alter, p. 59.

Havolalar

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